Rising Sectionalism North vs South North

Rising Sectionalism

North vs. South • North • Industrial Revolution • End of “cottage industry” • Eli Whitney • Interchangeable parts • Robert Fulton • Steamboat • Peter Cooper • Steam engine • Samuel Slater • Water mill • Francis C. Lowell • Lowell, MA • South • • Cotton gin “King Cotton” Industrialization lagged “Slavocracy” • • Planters Urban class Yeoman farmers Rural whites • Slavery • • “Chattel slavery” House slaves Artisans Field slaves

Missouri Compromise • 1820 momentous “This • Henry Clay question, states, 11 slave • 11 freelike a firebell instates the night, awakened and filledstates held a • Free me with terror. I considered it at once majority in the House as the knell of the Union. • Equally divided in the It is hushed, indeed, for Senate the moment. But this is • a. Missouri only, not a reprieve requests admission as a slave final sentence. ” ~ state Jefferson ~ Thomas • “The Great Compromiser” • Maine and Missouri admitted together • Slavery to be banned north of 36° 30’ North (MO’s southern border)

Missouri Compromise

The Election of 1824 • Political parties don’t matter • Four “favorite sons” • West • Henry Clay (KY) • “American System” • Andrew Jackson (TN) • “Heck, I’m Andy Jackson!” • South • William Crawford (GA) • “Original Republican” • North • John Quincy Adams (MA) • “It’s like the American System, except better” • Jackson wins the popular vote • No one wins the electoral college

The Election of 1824 • Election goes to House of Representatives • Only the top three vote getters from Electoral College to be considered • Henry Clay • Out of the running “Ignorant, passionate, “It is rumored and believed by [and] corrupt” • BUT he is Speaker of the hypocritical, here that Mr. Clay every body ~ Henry Clay ~ House will be made Secretary of • Throws support to Adams “The meanest scoundrel State” ~ Andrew Jackson Donelson ~ • Appointed Adams’s that ever disgraced the Secretary of State image of his god. ” ~ Andrew Jackson ~ • “Corrupt Bargain”

Adams and Jackson • Representative Adams as President • • • Ambitious, Abolition highly nationalist. Eloquent” “Old Man agenda • Internal improvements February 21, 1848 • National university • National observatory • Hindered by Congress • Election of 1828 • Jackson • Democratic-Republicans • Democrats • Adams • National Republicans • Mudslinging

End of a Generation • John Adams • Thomas Jefferson • July 4, 1826 “Thomas Jefferson survives. ” ~ John Adams ~ “Is it the Fourth? ” ~ Thomas Jefferson ~