RESERVOIR ROCK PROPERTIES Done by: Ravil Kurmangaliyev and Arman Seilov
Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic ROCKS In geology, rock or stone is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids. For example, the common rock granite is a combination of the quartz, feldspar and biotite minerals. The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere, is made of rock.
IGNEOUS ROCKS Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Igneous rock may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks.
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water. Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause mineral and/or organic particles (detritus) to settle in place.
METAMORPHIC ROCKS Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form". The original rock (protolith) is subjected to heat (temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C) and pressure (1500 bars), causing profound physical and/or chemical change. The protolith may be a sedimentary rock, an igneous rock or another older metamorphic rock.
Sandstone reservoir rocks The performance of the sandstone as a reservoir rock is described by its combination of porosity and permeability depending on the degree to which the sand dominates its. The favorable texture is depicted by packaging of similar sized grains, not a combination of coarse and fine grained composition. The best sandstone reservoirs are those that are composed mainly of quartz grains of sand size of nearly equal sizes or silica cement, with minimal fragmented particles. Sandstone reservoirs are generally 25 meters thick.
Carbonate reservoir rocks The most fascinating aspects of carbonate reservoir rocks are their content. Carbonates are usually made of fossils which “range from the very small single cell to the larger shelled animals”. Most carbonate rocks are deposited at or in very close neighborhood to their site of creation. The "bestsorted" carbonate rocks are Oolites in which encompass grains of the same size and shapes even though Oolites are poorly sorted.
Rock properties • Porosity – Fluid volume/ Total rock volume • Saturation – Sw = Water volume / Fluid Volume – Shc = Hydrocarbon volume / Fluid Volume • Permeability – Ability of fluids to flow
Permeability
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