Research and Innovation USM Prof Asma Ismail

Research and Innovation @ USM Prof Asma Ismail Deputy Vice-Chancellor (R&I) USM

Towards acculturation of Research and innovation in USM: Sharing of INFORMATION, INCENTIVES and STRATEGIES

About Research and Innovations Division

SET UP OF DVC (R&I) OFFICE Vice Chancellor DVC (R&I) Research Deans RCMO Development Research Platform Innovation Office Library • • Office of the DVC (R&I) Senior Assistant Registrar Secretary Typist Driver Bursary Safety USM Publisher

SET UP OF RCMO DVC (R&I) Senior Deputy Registrar Assistant Registrar Science Officer Senior Assistant Admin Officer Secretary Assistant Admin Officer Supporting Staff: • Senior Clerks • Clerks • Typists • Attendants Graphic Designer (contract) Assistant Registrar (contract)

SET UP OF RESEARCH PLATFORMS RESEARCH PLATFORM ADMINISTRATION Social Transformation ICT Fundamental Science Life Sciences Health & Biomedical Clinical Sciences Engineering & Technology Research Dean Research Dean Science Officer Science Officer Supporting Staff: • Secretary • Clerks • Typists • Attendants

SET UP OF INNOVATION OFFICE Director Secretary Exhibitions MOU, MOA Technology Licencing Matching of business partners SAINS Page charges etc (regarding publication) Senior Assistant Registrar Technology Licencing Officer Supporting Staff: R&I helps support Innovation Office • Secretary • Clerks • Graphic Designer • Typists Senior Graphic Designer

GRANTS AVAILABLE AT USM • • • Incentive Grant Short Term Grant Research University Grant Fundamental Research Grant (FRGS) SAGA Grant MOSTI Grant; – Sciencefund – Technofund – Innofund NEW! Postgraduate grants • External Grants (cut 2. 5% for Mgt cost)

Research and Innovation strategies

e ra dge Biotechnology era IT era wle The need to move to Keconomy Kno Increasing competition The Global agenda Technological era Agricultural era Hot Spots 21 st century (Future) Primitive era 650 © DAR 2003 1750 1950 Modified from Richard W Oliver, The shape of things to come 2000

New R&D challenges Resource -driven economy Rubber, palm oil etc • dependent on tangibles like land, labour and machines Investment -driven economy Multinationals at free trade zones Innovation -driven economy Knowledge-based (Brain power) • Dependent on talents, ideas and knowledge Stages of Malaysian Economy - Porter M, Enhancing the microeconomic foundations of prosperity © DAR 2002

Expectations of Modern Universities in the Knowledge-era • New Expectations – Generate knowledge – Disseminate knowledge – Facilitate translation of knowledge into tangible and intangible products • Role of Universities include the need to train the human capital to be relevant and support the innovative culture • Universities are expected to undergo Research. Development-Commercialization of R&D and setting up of Knowledge-based enterprises in the Research Park

Moving towards successful K-economy: R&D Challenge Phase 1: Consolidating Research R PHASE 1 Making scientific discoveries Research discoveries, acquisition of technologies D Phase 2: Consolidating Development PHASE 2 Develop prototype Design, engineering and technology integration C Phase 3: Consolidating Commercialization Patent, Marketing, Entrepreneurship and licensing Smooth and continuous flow of E Phase 4: Consolidating Knowledgebased enterprise (Research Park) R-D-C-E National Innovation system PHASE 3 Commercialize • Spin off companies/ JV companies PHASE 4 K-enterprise

Reality check: Status of Research & Development in Malaysia R Phase 1: Consolidating Research Phase 2: Consolidating Development D C WHY are we not there yet? Phase 3: Consolidating Commercialization/Innovation/Technology licencing • Commercial arm of the University • Entrepreneurship • Spin-off companies • JV Companies • Licensing E ? ? ? ?

Challenges in translating knowledge to support Innovation-led economy • • Political will Human capital Funding Infrastructure and technology

POLITICAL WILL R&D is the National Agenda of the country ‘Being a global player is unavoidable for a country that wants to develop’ - Abdullah • • • Malaysia has the political will to ensure that R&D is the national agenda to drive the K-economy of the country (O. 5% of GDP (6%). The government has provided a lot of national grants (at least RM 1. 7 billion from 2006 -2010) to promote R&D Technofund and Innovation funds are also allocated to promote commercialization of research products

Moving towards successful K-economy: Funding opportunities (0. 5% GDP) Phase 1: Consolidating Research R PHASE 1 Making scientific discoveries Research discoveries, acquisition of technologies Applied and fundamental grants D Phase 2: Consolidating Development PHASE 2 Develop prototype Design, engineering and technology integration Cradle funds, Development grants, pre-bridging grants C Phase 3: Consolidating Commercialization Patent, Marketing, Entrepreneurship and licensing Techno fund Total >RM 4 billion for research agenda since 1988 E PHASE 3 Commercialize Phase 4: Consolidating Knowledgebased enterprise (Research Park) • Spin off companies/ JV companies Venture Capitalists, Innofund PHASE 4 K-enterprise

Human capital in S&T Country R&D personnel/10, 000 pop Thailand 9. 1 Malaysia 21 USA 89. 6 Singapore 83. 5 UK 61. 4 Japan 112. 8 Not sufficient K -workers! National Survey of Research and Development 2004, MASTIC Need 50 -60/10, 000 pop

Research Universities in Malaysia • Breakthrough/History was created for Malaysian higher education when the Concept paper “The Establishment of Research Universities in Malaysia” was approved by cabinet on 19 Nov. 2005. • RUs were set up to address the need of human capital for Malaysia • To facilitate the university to be the engine of growth for the country and enhance the quality of life of the people. • Hence RUs are expected to go through R-D-C-E-P

Research Universities in Malaysia • While we encourage fundamental and applied research, we also encourage the combination of both to create products called translational research. • As we move towards APEX, we expect that our teaching-learning activities, research and innovations and our services be channeled towards helping the people of the bottom billion – “Providing local solutions to global problems” underlined with sustainable values of affordability, availability, accessibility and of quality. • This also means helping people in our state and the country as part of the university-industry and rakyat partnership.

PUBLICATIONS

Category of Journals OTHER PEER REVIEWED JOURNALS WEB OF SCIENCE 10, 027 Journals About 20% SCOPUS Over 15, 000 peer reviewed titles ISI Proceedings Mesyuarat Bagi Merangka Strategi Ke Arah Universiti Bertaraf Dunia 25 Februari 2008 Hotel Equatorial Bangi, Putrajaya Producing Leaders Since 1905 *** As at 13 February 2008

S&T Knowledge Production - International Comparison (ISI data 1981 -2002) No Country % Paper No. of Papers World’s Papers 1 USA 37. 64 4, 997, 836 13, 278, 111 2 UK 9. 06 1, 203, 514 13, 278, 111 3 Japan 8. 13 1, 079, 699 13, 278, 111 4 Germany 8. 02 1, 064, 612 13, 278, 111 5 England 7. 68 1, 020, 029 13, 278, 111 6 France 5. 78 767, 354 13, 278, 111 4. 87 646, 414 13, 278, 111 3. 33 441, 504 13, 278, 111 2. 65 352, 008 13, 278, 111 7 Canada 8 Most EU countries Italy combined could not overcome the Publications achievements 9 USSR 10 Australia 2. 58 342, 382 13, 278, 111 11 India 2. 37 315, 138 13, 278, 111 12 Holland 2. 27 301, 595 13, 278, 111 13 Spain 2. 05 272, 817 13, 278, 111 14 China 1. 99 264, 401 13, 278, 111 of USA

S&T Knowledge Production - International Comparison (ISI data 1981 -2002) No Country % Paper No. of Papers World’s Papers 15 Sweden 1. 84 244, 977 13, 278, 111 18 Israel 1. 23 162, 982 13, 278, 111 20 Belgium 1. 14 151, 891 13, 278, 111 21 Poland 1. 06 140, 726 13, 278, 111 22 Denmark 0. 92 122, 702 13, 278, 111 23 Brazil 0. 83 110, 764 13, 278, 111 25 South Korea 0. 77 102, 324 13, 278, 111 26 Taiwan 0. 77 13, 278, 111 29 South Africa 71, 830 13, 278, 111 35 Mexico We need to 0. 54 improve 0. 41 101, 588 53, 827 13, 278, 111 38 Turkey 0. 36 48, 090 13, 278, 111 39 Egypt 0. 30 39, 867 13, 278, 111 42 Singapore 0. 25 33, 112 13, 278, 111 52 Thailand 0. 11 14, 696 13, 278, 111 55 MALAYSIA 0. 08 10, 538 13, 278, 111 56 Iran 0. 08 10, 090 13, 278, 111 147 Myanmar 0. 00 344 13, 278, 111 149 Brunei 0. 00 329 13, 278, 111 174 Cambodia 0. 00 120 13, 278, 111 178 Surinam 0. 00 101 13, 278, 111

Publication in WEB OF SCIENCE of Research Universities (2002 – 2007) *** As at 13 February 2008 Mesyuarat Bagi Merangka Strategi Ke Arah Universiti Bertaraf Dunia 25 Februari 2008 Hotel Equatorial Bangi, Putrajaya Producing Leaders Since 1905

Total Publication (WEB OF SCIENCE and SCOPUS) of Research Universities (2002 – 2007) *** As at 13 February 2008 Mesyuarat Bagi Merangka Strategi Ke Arah Universiti Bertaraf Dunia 25 Februari 2008 Hotel Equatorial Bangi, Putrajaya Producing Leaders Since 1905

Total Number of Citation for Papers Published since 2002 in WEB OF SCIENCE and SCOPUS *** As at 25 January 2008 Mesyuarat Bagi Merangka Strategi Ke Arah Universiti Bertaraf Dunia 25 Februari 2008 Hotel Equatorial Bangi, Putrajaya Producing Leaders Since 1905

USM RU DATA, 2008

SECTION B: Quantity and Quality of Researchers (25%) No. `1 Criteria Critical Mass Target: 60% Indicator Total number of academic staff involved as principal investigator (leadership) of research grants (in reviewed and funded research projects). a. University funded Year 2007 6’ 2008 871 857 (66. 18%) b. National grants c. International grants 3 4 a. Total number of staff with Ph. D/DSc, DEng 813 834 (64. 40%) b. Total number of staff with Professional Qualifications 230 235 Research Experience (3 cohorts) Target: Balance of 432 each category Total number of research experienced staffs: 1261 1295 a) >20 years experience 221 245 a)10 – 20 years experience 285 276 a)< 10 years experience 2 Ph. D Qualification or Equivalent Target: 60% 755 774 a. Total number of awards conferred by NATIONAL bodies 50 16 55 28 Recognitions/awards/ stewardship conferred by national and international learned and professional bodies (Target: 100/year) Now 44 b. Total number of awards conferred by INTERNATIONAL bodies

TOTAL ACADEMIC STAFF = 1295

Percentage of Academic Staff Involved As Principal And Non Principal Investigator of All Research Grants ( RU June 2008) TOTAL ACADEMIC STAFF = 1295

SECTION C: Quantity and Quality of Research (30%) No. Criteria Indicator Year 541 297 620. 782 348. 933 (697. 866) 635 31 d) Total number of books authored 85 18 e) Total number of chapters in books 244 78 f) Other Publications that have created an impact to government/society/ policy (abstracts, articles in magazines, newsletters, etc- not including unpublished reports) Publications (2 papers in national / international refereed and cited journals / staff / year or cumulative impact factor for the institution of not less than 500) 6’ 2008 c) Publications in non-citation-indexed Journal 1 2007 1304 15 a) Publications in citation-indexed journals including refereed proceedings b) Cummulative impact factor of publications Note: USM need to Achieved 1 (a) or (b) KPIs For 1 (c-f) will be taken into account when USM failed to achieve the KPIs in 1 (a) or (b)

QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF PUBLICATIONS (ISI Web of Science)

Year No. Criteria 2 Research grants for S&T academic staff (At RM 50, 000/ staff/year of which at least 20% from international sources and 20% from private sector) Total : RM 44, 375, 494 (RM 34, 267 /staff) 3 4 Research expenditure for each project. (Not less than 60% of grant attained/year) Post-doctoral appointment (10/year) Indicator 2007 6’ 2008 a. Total amount of public fundings (from government agencies) 76, 306, 981. 38 27, 934, 818. 52 b. Total amount of private fundings (including contract research) 1, 006, 104. 44 14, 985, 997 c. Total amount of international fundings 799, 982. 05 1, 454, 679 a. Total amount of research grants received 89, 451, 038. 43 53, 622, 270. 59 b. Total amount of research grants spent 37, 977, 984. 35 11, 654, 570 5 11 a. Number of Post-docs appointed Note: No. 3 (Year 2007) : Not including research grant spent for RU research project

SECTION D: Quantity of Postgraduates (10%) No. Criteria Indicator Year 4 Postgraduate Enrolment Percentage of International Postgraduate students Target : 10% 36 b. Ratio of Ph. Ds graduated to academic staff 1: 10. 3 1: 36. 8 52% 53% a. Total number per year 1827 1711 b. Ratio of Ph. Ds enrolled to academic staff. 1: 0. 71 1: 0. 77 56% 58% a. Ratio of postgraduates to academic staff 5. 29: 1 4. 9: 1 b. Ratio of UG to PG (based on research only) 3 Number of Ph. Ds enrolled Target: 3 postgrad: 1 staff At 1295 = 3885 students 126 c. Percentage of Ph. D enrolled in S&T 2. Number of Ph. Ds graduated Target : 72 (with 43 in S&T) Or 1: 18 academic staff with 60% from S&T) 6’ 2008 c. Percentage of Ph. D in S&T 1. 2007 1: 4. 59 1: 5. 1 Percentage of international postgraduates students 22. 4% 24. 4% a. Total number per year

SECTION E: Quality of Postgraduates (5%) No. Criteria 1 Entry qualification at Bachelor level Target: 50% 2 Fellowships/ grants awarded to postgraduate via research mode Target: Not less than 10% Indicator Year 2007 6’ 2008 Percentage of postgraduate intake with CGPA ≥ 3. 0 or equivalent 49% 51% Percentage of postgraduates via research modes (with thesis) with fellowships/grants 16% 13. 8%

SECTION F: Innovation (10%) No. Criteria Indicators Year 21 (i) National patents 11 11 10 10 54 54 (i) National 23 23 (ii) International Target: 30/ year Now =59 21 b. Total number of patents pending Patents 6’ 2008 (ii) International patents 1 2007 31 31 a. Total number of patents granted 2 Commercialized products Total number of products licensed for commercialization 4 3 Technology know-how licensing Total number of technology knowhow licensing 6 4 IPR/ copyrights (including original writings) Total number of IPR(other than patents)/ copyrights (including original writings) 16 6 57 18

SECTION G: Professional Services and Gifts (7%) No. Criteria Indicators Year 2007 6’ 2008 1 Income generated from training courses Total: not <20 million/yr Total amount 6, 894, 895. 40 2, 504, 631. 60 2 Income generated from consultancy (excluding contract research) Total amount 12, 035, 686. 08 10, 038, 199. 79 3 Endowment (including professorial chairs) Total amount 17, 909, 549. 24 4 Gifts (money, equipments, research materials, etc. ) (worth > RM 3, 000. 00) Total amount 754, 480. 00 N/A 37, 594, 610. 72 30, 452, 380. 63 Total Target =RM 20 million/year

SECTION H: Networking and Linkages (8%) No. 1 Criteria International Institution participation in research related activities Indicators Year 2007 6’ 2008 a. Total number of MOUs signed. 25 12 b. Total number of programme implemented under each MOU 3 c. Total number of staff involved in joint research project. 224 83 e. Total number of students sent abroad for training. 227 16 f. Total number of staff sent abroad for training. Membership in International bodies/ associations 113 d. Total number of international students participating in undergraduate/ postgraduate/ exchange programme. 2 103 150 32 a. Total number of membership in international bodies/associations. 109 b. Total number of staff appointed as leader/committee for the international bodies/association 68

No 3 Criteria International projects Indicators Total number of staff secured international projects (research/ training/ consultancy) (i) Total number of staff involved as project leader (ii) Total amount of international grants secured Year 2007 6’ 2008 72 78 72 17, 350, 643 4 International award/ fellowship/scholarship. Total number of staff awarded international fellowship/scholarship 36 5 International Professional bodies a. Total number of staff accepted as members in the professional bodies/ associations 38 b. Total number of staff appointed to chairmanship/ committee position in the professional bodies/associations at international level 32 78 17, 697, 352

STRATEGIES for usage of RU grants • How do we increase – No of PIs Essence of RU and University rankings – No of postgraduates – No of publications – No IPRs (books, patents, trademarks, copyrights etc) – Move local publications to Scopus and ISI web science

Incentive and short term • In USM we have 2 forms of funding for grants: – Operational university and RU • Short term is operational • Incentive we are converting to RU – Short term » Up to RM 40, 000 » Lecturers, Pensyarah pelatih, science officers and officers equal to 41 – 54 can apply for short term » Professors cannot apply but are encouraged to apply for RU grants that ranges from (RM 1. 00 till ? ? ? ) » However to ensure for accountability, we will request for external evaluation for grant applications above RM 1 million.

To increase PIs • For those without grants, lecturers are eligible to request for Incentive grants (young, expatriates and senior) • For those with or without grants, you will be provided with an incentive grant of RM 5, 000/year for every registered local postgraduate with c. GPA 3. 0 or higher that you are acting as chief supervisor. • Currently there is no capping as to the number of postgraduates but must show responsibility and accountability when providing supervision. (RU ratio 1 lecturer : 3 postgraduates)

To increase Postgraduates • To increase local postgraduates – Fellowship (c. GPA =3. 0). Tuition waived • Fellowship for MSc. RM 18, 000 year / RM 1, 500 first year and RM 21600 / yr at 1, 800 month second year with papers published. • Fellowship for Ph. D. RM 24, 000 year / RM 2, 000 month. (RM 2100 - RM 2300 - RM 2500) (USM rates) – Research grants (c. GPA < 3. 0) • Absorbed as ROs or RAs • For international students – Research grants only • Absorbed as ROs or RAs International students 24%

To increase Postgraduates • MSc. /Ph. D candidates can submit a grant proposal to be evaluated by an evaluation committee at RM 10, 000 for MSc (2 years –max)) and RM 20, 000 for Ph. D (for 3 years -Max). No extension allowed to the number of years. We need to use money to help new graduates. • This is provided separate from his/her fellowship.

To increase publications • Publications in reviewed journals – Sponsor page charges – Sponsor reprints up to 100 reprints – Sponsor for English proof editing (budget under RU grant/ to be paid by central if you do not have a grant) – Check American Journal Expert website http: //www. journalexperts. com • Publications from sponsored postgraduates • Reviewed proceedings from National and international conferences • Enhancing USM journals to move to web Scopus database and ISI web of science. • To provide for book grant? ? • Scientific/Manuscript writing workshops

To enhance research and capacity building • Quality accreditations and certifications eg ISO 17025, ISO 15189, c. GLP, c. GMP • Subsidise training and attachment to learn new technology/methods/process/knowledge for those without grants. Those with RU grants can use the grant for such activities • Holding of national/regional/international research based workshops/conference can apply for up to RM 15, 000 initiation fund. National workshop up to RM 10, 000 and local up to RM 5, 000 with Proceedings as KPI. The proceedings must be reviewed for content by organizing committee and submit to Penerbit USM for english editing. Penerbit will publish 200 copies of proceedings (with ISBN number) to be distributed to the participants. More than 200 copies must be paid by organising committee (based on income from registration fees).

To enhance IPR • To enhance IPR – Sponsor for IPR (eg patents, copyrights, trademarks) and technology acquisitions – To enhance USM journals into web scopus database and ISI journals. – Publication of more books by Penerbit USM – Suggest postgraduates esp sponsored students participate in either oral/poster presentations in conferences organised by USM (with reviewed proceedings) or publish in any of USM local journals in the respective areas. Those capable should publish in impact factor journals listed in Web scopus database or journals acknowledged by Anugerah Sanggar Sanjung/Hadiah Sanjungan. Local journals in web of science (ISI) can be considered for ASS.

USM local journals • Malaysian Journal in Medical Science (MJMS) • Journal of Construction in Developing countries • Journal of Biosains • Bulletin of the Malaysian Mathematical Science Society • Kajian Malaysia • Journal of physical sciences etc

Titles published in Malaysia indexed by SCOPUS Title ISSN 1 Malaysian Journal of Science 13943065 2 Malaysian Journal of Economic 15114554 Studies 3 Malaysian Journal of Computer 01279084 Science 4 Malaysian Journal of Library and 13946234 Information Science 5 International Journal of 18230334 Mechanical and Materials Engineering 6 Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 7 Malaysian Journal of Mathematical Sciences 1394195 X 18238343 8 Malaysian Journal of Microscopy 18237010 9 Malaysian Journal of Health and 16758544 Medical Sciences 10 International Journal of 1823836 X Economics and Management 11 ASEAN Food Journal 01277324 12 Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 15113701 Publisher University of Malaya, Faculty of Science University of Malaya, Faculty of Economics & Administration University of Malaya, Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology University of Malaya, Fac Of Computer Science & Info Tech, MLIS Programme University of Malaya, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nanotechnology, Precision and Advanced Materials Universiti Sains Malaysia Country Subject area Malaysia Life/Physical Sciences Malaysia Business, Economics and Management Science Malaysia Engineering and Technology Malaysia Social Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia, Institute for Mathematical Research (INSPEM) Malaysia Engineering and Technology http: //ejum. fsktm. um. edu. my/Default. aspx http: //ejum. fsktm. um. edu. my http: //mechanicalum. edu. my/ Malaysia Health Sciences Malaysia Mathematics http: //www. inform. upm. e du. my/jurnal Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine Malaysia and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedicine Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine Malaysia and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Malaysia Economics and Management Universiti Putra Malaysia, Department of Food Malaysia Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Press Malaysia Producing Leaders Since 1905 URL http: //www. pem. org. my/ Biomedicine http: //www. medic. upm. ed u. my/malay/mjmhs. htm Business, Economics and Management Science Agriculture, Biology and http: //www. afj. upm. edu. m Environmental Science y/ Agriculture, Biology and http: //www. btm. upm. edu. Environmental Science my/penerbit/index. html *** As at 13 February 2008

Titles published in Malaysia indexed by SCOPUS (Cont) Country Subject area 13 Asia-Pacific Journal of 01287451 Molecular Biology and Biotechnology 14 Sains Malaysiana 01266039 15 SEAISI Quarterly (South East 01295721 Asia Iron and Steel Institute) 16 Sarawak Museum Journal 03753050 17 ESP Malaysia 0128732 X 18 Malaysian Journal of 1394035 X Nutrition Title ISSN Universiti Putra Malaysia Publisher Malaysia Life Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia South East Asia Iron and Steel Institute Sarawak Museum Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Nutrition Society of Malaysia Multidisciplinary Physical Sciences Malaysia Social Sciences Biomedicine 19 Malaysian Journal of Nutrition 1394035 X Nutrition Society of Malaysia Biomedicine 20 The Malaysian journal of pathology 01268635 Malaysian Society of Pathologists Malaysia Health Sciences http: //nutriweb. org. m y/publications/mjn 00 10_2/default. php http: //nutriweb. org. my/publications/mjn 0010_2/default. php 21 Journal of Rubber Research 15111768 Malaysian Rubber Board Malaysia Engineering and Technology 22 Medical Journal of Malaysia 03005283 23 Malaysian Journal of 15112802 Consumer and Family Economics Malaysian Medical Association Malaysian Consumer and Family Economics Association Malaysia 24 Malaysian Forester 03022935 25 Journal of Tropical Forest Science 26 International Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship 27 ABU Technical Review 01281283 Forestry Department Peninsular Malaysia Forest Research Institute Malaysia Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Science Life Sciences 18233538 Binary University College Malaysia 01266209 Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union Malaysia Business, Economics and http: //www. binaryalp Management Science ha. edu. my/researchctr/ Physical Sciences Producing Leaders Since 1905 URL http: //www. lgm. gov. my/pubs/pubnews. h tml Health Sciences Business, Economics and Management Science *** As at 13 February 2008

Journals published in Malaysia indexed by WEB OF SCIENCE Title of the Journal 1. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 2. Journal of Rubber Research 3. Bulletin of Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society 4. Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Producing Leaders Since 1905 Publisher Forest Research Institute Malaysia Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia Jointly by the Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society and Universiti Sains Malaysia Jointly by IPPP, University of Malaya and Malaysian Society for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology *** As at 13 February 2008

Equipment • Major equipment on basis of sharing (gunasama) only • Small equipment up to RM 50, 000 per grant

Thank you asma@usm. my The future is not where we are going but what we are creating Research and Innovation Division www. usm. my/r&d