REPUBLIC OF MOZAMBIQUE MINISTRY OF WOMEN AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS THE CONTRIBUTION OF BASIC SOCIAL SECURITY TO SOCIAL JUSTICE IN MOZAMBIQUE: CHALLENGES IN THE REALM OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, HEALTH AND EDUCATION Miguel Mausse, National Director for Social Affairs ARUSHA, DECEMBER 2014 1
STRUCTURE 1. Context 2. Social protection as a strategy for social inclusion 3. Legal and policy framework in Mozambique 4. The pillars of social protection 5. The pillars of basic social security 6. The objectives of basic social security 7. The target groups of basic social security 8. The main interventions of basic social security 9. Coordination mechanisms 10. Evidence 11. Challenges 2
1. CONTEXT(1 -2) Our people-- including children, elderly, people with disability, women—face risks and vulnerabilities. The vicissitudes of the life cycle and also put people in vulnerable situations (elderly and children). Article of the Constitution of the Republic states that all citizens have the right to social assistance if they are incapacitated or are elderly, and that the State has the responsibility to encourage the creation of conditions to materialize this right. 3
1. CONTEXT (2 -2) At the international level, the right to social protection is one of the most important human rights and Mozambique is a signatory to the following conventions: • The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Art 22); • The UN Convention on the Rights of Children (Art 26); • The Convention on the Elimination of All Form of Discrimination Against Women (Art 11); • The UN Convention About the Right of People with Disabilities (Art 28); • The African Charter on Human and People's Rights (Art 18). 4
2. SOCIAL PROTECTION AS A STRATEGY FOR SOCIAL INCLUSION (1 -2) International evidence shows that social protection, when adequately structured can contribute to: • The promotion of social justice; • The promotion of inclusive growth; • The materialization of human rights through improved access to basic social services. Social protection programs, social cash transfers, can respond to: • • Immediate consumption needs; Long-term poverty; Long-term investment in human capital; Market failures which perpetuate poverty. 5
2. SOCIAL PROTECTION AS A STRATEGY FOR SOCIAL INCLUSION (2 -2) In order for that to happen, social protection programs needs to be implemented in an integrated way, so that they can respond efficiently to the basic needs of the population (food, health, education, housing). The recognition that all citizens should be covered by a social protection floor, requires structured interventions in the area of health, education, social assistance and employment creation. Therefore an investment in social protection is an sustainable investment in human capital with returns in the long-term-- It promotes inclusive development. 6
3. LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK IN MOZAMBIQUE (1 -2) In Mozambique, basic social security interventions are reflected in the main government planning documents. The legal and institutional framework defines the roles and responsibilities in the area of basic social security. In the last years, a number of legal instruments have been adopted, which guide social protection interventions and interventions targeted at the most vulnerable groups: • The Social Protection Law (4/2007, February 7 2007); 7
3. LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK IN MOZAMBIQUE (2 -2) • The Regulation of the Basic Social Security Subsystem (85/2009, 29 December 2009); • The National Strategy for Basic Social Security, 20102014 (Decree 17/2010, 27 May 2010); • The New Package of Programs of Basic Social Security Implemented by the Government (Decree 52/2011, 2 Out); • The new value of the Basic Social Subsidy (Decree 4/2014, 07 February 2014). 8
4. The pillars of social protection in Mozambique – Law 4/2007 Complementary Social Security Mandatory Social Security Basic Social Security SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEM 9
5. The Pillars of Basic Social Security in Mozambique Decree ° 85/2009, Resolution 17/2010 • Ministry of Women and Social Affairs • Ministry of Health Direct Social Action Education Social Action • Ministry of Education Health Social Action Productive Social Action • Ministry of Women and Social Affairs, Ministry of Labour, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Planning and Development, Ministy of Agriculture, Ministry of Public Administration. . . 10
6. OBJECTIVES OF BASIC SOCIAL SECURITY IN MOZAMBIQUE In Mozambique basic social security: “… aims to prevent deprivation, and promote social integration through the special protection of the most vulnerable groups. It is based on national solidarity and distributive in nature, and is primarily financed from the state budget. ” 11
7. TARGET GROUPS OF BASIC SOCIAL SECURITY IN MOZAMBIQUE Basic social security covers all nation citizens, who are labor-constrained, and do not have the means to cover their basic needs, namely: • People in situations of absolute poverty, • Children in difficult situation, • Elderly, people with disabilities, people with chronic or degenerative diseases in situations of absolute poverty. 12
8. MAIN INTERVENTIONS IN THE AREA OF BASIC SOCIAL SECURITY (1 -2) In Mozambique basic social security is implemented through: • Risk transfers: social transfers, in cash or in kind, to ensure a minimum benefits including primary health protection, and education; • Social assistance transfers: delivery of basic social services, programs and community development projects in the areas of housing, care, feeding, compensation and other means that provide opportunities for beneficiaries to meet their basic needs. 13
8. MAIN INTERVENTIONS IN THE AREA OF BASIC SOCIAL SECURITY (2 -2) Direct Social Action: Includes social cash transfer programs for an indefinite period, social transfers for a fixed period and Social Services; Health Social Action: Includes programs that promote improved access of vulnerable populations to universal primary health care (eg micronutrient supplements, provision of basic baby kit); Education Social Action: Includes programs that enable the participation of the most vulnerable populations in the education system (access to primary education , access to free books, school feeding); Productive Social Action: includes programs targeted at people living in poverty , but who are not labor constrained, that provide social assistance and engaging beneficiaries in productive activities ( use of labor- intensive public works ). 14
9. COORDINATION MECHANISMS (1 -2) The Coordination Council for the Basic Social Security Subsystem, is the organ of multi-sectorial coordination in the implementation of the Subsystem, which includes the Ministries responsible for the management of the other components of Basic Social Security and other relevant public and private entities. There also specific Councils in the area of children, elderly, people with disabilities and women. 15
9. COORDINATION MECHANISMS (2 -2) Coordination implies sharing a philosophy of intervention, information, coordination of the planning process of regular reports of activities , between: – Government Institutions – Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), – Religious Institutions, – Partners (beneficiary ID card, database); 16
10. EVIDENCE (1 -3) In Mozambique, social protection has been a crucial strategy for the promotion of inclusive development and social justice, and there have been significant advances: • The definition of a social protection floor which responds to the specific realities of Mozambique, in responding to the needs of the most vulnerable; • Equality and universality in citizens'’ access to basic social services (health and education); • Inclusive, long term, social assistance programs that respond to principle challenges in our country; • Legally defined social assistance programs , developed and financed by the Government (PSSB, PASD, SSAS, PASP); 17
10. EVIDENCE (2 -3) • Increased coverage of basic social security interventions to more households and an increase in the value of the benefits taking into account their sustainability. • Greater involvement and participation of society in defining, implementing and monitoring public policies. • Growing recognition of the importance of social protection as human capital investment. 18
10. EVIDENCE (3 -3) • Financing Mechanisms targeted at people with low income in order to promote their financial inclusion and the design of income-generating initiatives; • Existence of several coordination forums that allows better coordination between the different actors that tend to the most vulnerable groups ; • Increased budgetary allocations to basic social security which in turn have allowed for an increase in the value of the grant given by the Government to the most vulnerable groups. 19
11. CHALLENGES (1 -3) Expand coverage and the value of the benefits to target groups; Reduce exclusion and inclusion errors in the beneficiary selection process; Strengthen the institutional capacity of in particular, implementing institutions; Modernize delivery and implementation mechanisms; Consolidate the information, monitoring and evaluation system; Operationalize the Social Assistance ID card; Implement a common financing mechanism. 20
11. CHALLENGES (2 -3) Continue capacity building and empowerment of beneficiaries through the expansion of social assistance programs, health social action, education social action, facilitating access of the most vulnerable groups to these basic social services; Proceed with actions that promote income generation and access to employment through increased investment in technical and vocational education and training, as well as its reorientation towards the professional market ; Transform poor people in key players in improving their own lives and their well being. 21
11. CHALLENGES (3 -3) Improve coordination between Basic Social Security and other pillars of social protection (Mandatory and Complementary); Strengthen the traditional mechanisms of solidarity and mutual aid; Improve advocacy and share evidence on the importance of basic social security; Continue efforts to consolidate the Basic Social Security System in order to that people feel pride and dignity for what they receive. 22
THANK YOU! 23
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