REPORTED SPEECH THE SEQUENCE OF TENSES КОСВЕННАЯ РЕЧЬ

REPORTED SPEECH (THE SEQUENCE OF TENSES) КОСВЕННАЯ РЕЧЬ (СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ВРЕМЕН В АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ) KEEP IN TOUCH, 2014

DIRECT SPEECH Я сказал ему: «Я живу в Подольске» . I said to him, “I live in Podolsk”. Я воскликнул: «Не хочу учиться!» . I exclaimed, “I don’t want to learn”. Я спросил его: «Где ты был два дня назад? » . I asked him, “Where were you two daysago”?

REPORTED SPEECH Я сказал ему, что живу в Подольске. I told him that I lived in Podolsk. Я воскликнул, что не хочу учиться. I exclaimed that I didn’t want to study. Я спросил его, где он был два дня назад? I asked him where he had been two days before?

SEQUENCE OF TENSES Правило 1: Если глагол-сказуемое главного предложения стоит в ПРОШЕДШЕМ ВРЕМЕНИ (PAST SIMPLE) и действие глаголасказуемого придаточного предложения совпадает с ним по времени совершения, в придаточном употребляем PAST SIMPLE, а не PRESENT SIMPLE

SEQUENCE OF TENSES EXAMPLES: 1) He said that he lived in Moscow. – Он сказал, что живет в Москве (т. е. когда он произнес предложение, он именно тогда жил в Москве). 2) He told me that he knew three foreign languages. – Он сказал мне, что знает три иностранных языка (т. е. когда сказал, тогда и знал три иностранных языка) 3) She stated that she saw ghosts every day! – Она заявила, что видит привидения каждый день (т. е. действие главного предложения и придаточного совпадают)

SEQUENCE OF TENSES EXERCISE: 1) I said, “I love you!”. – I said that …………………. 2) I said to him, “She knows math well”. – I told him that ……………………………. 3) We said to them, “We are the champions!”. – We told them that ……………………. . 4) John said, “I don’t want to marry Jane”. – John said that ……………………. . . . 5) My friend said to her, “We can go out together”. - My friend told her that ………………………. . .

SEQUENCE OF TENSES Правило 2: Если глагол-сказуемое главного предложения стоит в ПРОШЕДШЕМ ВРЕМЕНИ (PAST SIMPLE) и действие глаголасказуемого придаточного предложения предшествовало ему по времени или уже было совершено до него, в придаточном употребляем PAST PERFECT, а не PAST SIMPLE

SEQUENCE OF TENSES EXAMPLES: 1) He said, “I lived in Moscow five years ago!” (Direct Speech). – He said that he had lived in Moscow five years before! (Reported Speech) (Он сказал, что жил в Москве пять лет тому назад) 2) She said to me, “I have already done my homework” (Direct Speech). – She told me that she had already done her homework (Reported Speech). (Она сказала мне, что уже сделала свою домашнюю работу)

SEQUENCE OF TENSES НЕКОТОРЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ВРЕМЕНИ И СЛОВА БУДУТ МЕНЯТЬСЯ ПРИ КОСВЕННОЙ РЕЧИ (Past Perfect): THIS -------- THAT HERE ------- THERE TODAY ------ THAT DAY YESTERDAY ------- THE DAY BEFORE LAST NIGHT ------- A NIGHT BEFORE THE DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY – TWO DAYS BEFORE LAST WEEK / MONTH / YEAR – THE PREVIOUS WEEK / MONTH / YEAR AGO – A WEEK / MONTH / YEAR BEFORE

SEQUENCE OF TENSES EXERCISE: 1) I said, “I was in Paris last week!”. – I said that …………………………………………. . . 2) I said to him, “She studied here yesterday”. – I told him that ……………………………………. 3) We said to them, “Our teacher has gone to the USA” – We told them that ……………………………. . 4) John said, “I bought a new car three days ago”. – John said that ……………………. . . . 5) My friend said to her, “We have just watched a film”. - My friend told her that ………………………. . .

SEQUENCE OF TENSES EXERCISE: 6) My chief said, “You were late for work last Friday”. – My chief said that …………………………………………. . . 7) My parents said to me, “You behaved very badly last week”. – My parents told me that …………………………………………. . 8) We said to them, “We didn’t do our homework yesterday” – We told them that ……………………………. . 9) The teacher stated, “You got too many bad marks for English a week ago!” 10) Julia cried out, “I have finally understood the rule!”