Religions 101 Judaism Christianity Islam

Religions 101 • • • Judaism Christianity Islam Hinduism Sikhism

What’s in a Symbol?

The Cross The cross is the central symbol of Christianity. Christians believe that Jesus died on the cross and three days later rose from the dead. The cross is a symbol of victory over death, promising eternal life.

The Crescent Moon The crescent moon is a common symbol of Islam. Muslims believe that when Muhammad received his first revelation, the moon was in its last stage, appearing as a waning crescent.

The Mogen David, or Star of David, is the central symbol of Judaism. The star is the sign of the house of David, the family that produced the kings of Biblical Israel.

The Aum In Hinduism the AUM (OM) is a symbol of the Supreme God. Hindus believe that it was the first sound produced at the creation of the universe, the Big Bang. The sacred syllable AUM is the name of God. It is uttered at the beginning and the end of most Hindu prayers.

KHANDA In Sikhism the Khanda is made up of three key symbols. • The double-edge sword in the middle links to the knowledge of God • The inner circle reflects the oneness of God and the link to humanity. • The outer swords represent truth and willingness to preserve what is right.

Place of Origin & Holy Sites Judaism: Middle East-----Jerusalem Christianity: Middle East-----Jerusalem and Bethlehem Islam: Middle East-----Jerusalem, Mecca, and Medina Hinduism: India------Ganges River Sikhism: India -----Punjab

Holy Book and Sacred Language Judaism-----Te. Na. Kh-----Hebrew Christianity-----Bible-----No sacred language Islam----Koran------Arabic Hinduism------Veda------Sanskrit Sikhism----- GRANTH SAHIB

Their God Judaism----God of Abraham-----Adonai Christianity----God of Abraham----Yawah---- exists in three parts (father, son and holy spirit) Islam-----God of Abraham-----Allah Hinduism----Brahma------exists in many forms Sikhism-----God----same God of all mankind

Holy Building & Worship Judaism----Synagogue-----Prayer, reading from holy book, sermon Christianity-----Church/Cathedral----Prayer, reading from holy book, sermon Islam------Mosque------Prayer, reading from holy book, sermon Hinduism------Temple-------Prayer and meditation, sacrifice Sikhism-----Temple-----Prayer, meditation, baptism

Judaism Beliefs • God made an agreement with Abraham that his descendants would be God’s chosen people in exchange for their faith & obedience. • God gave the Torah to Moses and tells them how to worship and live. Moses is their most important prophet. • Their goal is to live a good life according to the laws of the Torah • Jews are required to keep the Sabbath day holy, to give to the needy, and to fast. • Jews believe that God’s teachings continue to be revealed.

Christianity Beliefs • They believe that God made an agreement with Abraham that his descendents would be God’s chosen people. • Religion is based on the teachings of Jesus Christ • Belief that God has three parts: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit • Belief in the Resurrection of Jesus Christ and that he was part of God. • The goal of Christianity is to achieve Salvation. • They require specially trained religious leaders • They believe that God’s teachings continue to be revealed.

Islam Beliefs • They believe that God made an agreement with Abraham that his descendents would be God’s chosen people. • Islam is based on God’s teachings and the example of the life of Muhammad as revealed in the Koran • Muslims accept all of the teachings of the prophets including Moses and Jesus • Muslims do not believe that Jesus was divine • They consider Muhammad to be God’s final prophet

Hinduism Beliefs • One all-powerful god with many variations in the form of gods and goddesses • Reincarnation • Ritual purification – both internal and external • Observe sacred occasions

Sikhism beliefs • Everyone should have a personal relationship with God. • Humans should control their tendencies toward anger, greed, false pride, materialism • All souls go through a reincarnation. • Caste systems are not acceptable. • The 5 K’s: – Kesa (long hair, which is never cut). This term is sometimes used to refer to the turban that is used to cover the hair. – Kangah (comb) – Kacha (short pants) – Kara (metal bracelet) – Kirpan (a ceremonial dagger)