Religion Introduction Overview of Religions and their Distribution
What is religion? • A value system that people place on themselves and others based on a spiritual or divine aspect of the world.
All religions have an object of FAITH present. • Faith= the belief in things not seen or the things that cannot be proven
One Main Characteristic of Religions • Monotheistic – Believe in only 1 god • Polytheistic – Believe in multiple gods
2 nd main characteristic: How the worshipers enter the faith • Ethnic Religions – Person is born into faith – Little or no effort is put forth to convert others into the religion • Universalizing Religions (Proselytic) – Members actively try to convert others to the religion
Universalizing Usually larger than ethnic due to efforts of conversion Ex: Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Sikhism & Ethnic Ex: Hinduism, Judaism, African (tribal religions)
5 Major World Religions They have their foundations in one of two places… India or the Middle East 1. Buddhism (origin: India) 2. Hinduism (origin: India) 3. Christianity (origin: Middle East) 4. Islam (origin: Middle East) 5. Judaism (origin: Middle East)
Christianity • Universalizing religion • 2 billion adherents • There are three major divisions of Christianity…. 1. Roman Catholic 2. Protestant 3. Eastern Orthodox Roman Catholic CHRISTIANITY Protestant Eastern Orthodox
Distribution of Christianity
Church
Islam • Universalizing religion • 1. 5 billion adherents • There are two major divisions in Islam… 1. Sunni 2. Shiite
Sunni vs. Shia
Sunni / Shiite
Distribution of Islam
Mosque
Judaism • 14 million Jews worldwide – 2/5 of them live in the United States, another 2/5 in Israel • Ethnic religion • First recorded monotheistic religion • Christianity and Islam both stem from Judaism
Distribution of Judaism
Synagogue
Hinduism • 900 million adherents • Ethnic religion, polytheistic • Mostly concentrated in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh • Belief in caste system
Distribution of Hinduism
Hindu Temple
Buddhism • Clustered in South East Asia • Universalizing • Three main branches: – Mahayana – China, Japan, Korea – Theravada – Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand – Vajrayana – Tibet and Mongolia
Distribution of Buddhism
Buddhist Pagoda
Spread of Religions • http: //www. businessinsider. com/mapshows-how-religion-spread-around-theworld-2015 -6
People who don’t believe in any god • Atheist- people who do not believe in any god or god-like figure • Agnosticism- belief that nothing can be known about whether God exists • Secularist- a person who wants to separate religion from all other aspects of society (government, marriage) – Ex: Jainism- based on non-materialism but at its core is considered atheist.
You need to know which religions are universalizing and which are ethnic…. . 1. Christianity 2. Islam 3. Buddhism 4. Hinduism 5. Judaism
Religion in the USA
Religious Landscape in America • http: //www. pewforum. org/religiouslandscape-study/
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