Religion and Ethics Religion and Ethics Religare

Religion and Ethics

Religion and Ethics Religare – “connection” (lat. ) as well as ‘yoga’; n Early religious beliefs: totemic, fetishism, animism, shamanism, etc. n Regional religions: Hinduism, Daoism, Olympism, Zoroastrianism, Shinto, etc. n World religions: Buddhism, Christianity, Islam. n

Religion and Ethics n n n General questions: How did the first beliefs appear? Is there an internal religious sense? G. F. Hegel’s idealistic theory; L. Feuerbach's anthropological theory; F. Engels’s /K. Marx’s materialistic theory; Z. Freud’s psychological theory; Esoteric theories

Religion and Ethics Historical importance of religions: - Depends on ideology, culture, etc. ; n There are progressive / regressive functions: Progressive ones: - Establishment of the ethical principles; - Unification; - Political/social enforcements of the state; - Social assistance to the population; - Culture; - Psychological help. n

Religion and Ethics n - Regressive ones: Dogmatic features; Differentiation of people; Fanatic attitude; Religious wars; Often contradicts to science/education; The weight of responsibility.

Religion and Ethics Diversity of religious-philosophic ideas of God: 1. By quantity: - poly-theism; - Monotheism; 2. By quality: - theism; - Deism; - Pantheism; - Anthropomorphism; - Zoomorphism; - Atheism. n

Religion and Ethics n - - Proofs and rejections of God’s existence: Th. Aquinas (logical, abstract-philosophical proofs); Creationism: some scientist are trying to use science to poof the God’s act in Universe creation; Dialectical materialism’s rejections; I. Kant: God’s being is antinomy; Esoteric beliefs.

Religion and Ethics n n n Why do religions exist today? Definition of religion: Religion is a human contemplation, behavior, lifestyle (with rituals and traditions) defined by the belief in God, the feeling of a strong connection and dependence on God. What is a religious ethics? What is a secular ethics? When did secular ethics start?

Religion and Ethics n - What does religion have? : Theological basis, Cult and ritual acts; Norms; Institutions.