REGULATION OF ENZYME ACTIVITY
Irreversible competitive inhibition
Irreversible competitive inhibition
Activation of the enzyme by phosphorylation
Regulation of activity by dissociation of the subunits of the enzyme Protein kinase
Partial proteolysis inactive enzyme
Allosteric regulation of enzyme activity
Feedback inhibition
ENZYMES IN MEDICINE
Enzymes as therapeutic agents Enzyme The use of enzymes Trypsin, lipase, Disturbances of the amylase digestion Urease Removal of urea from the body in the "artificial kidney" Ribonuclease, Antiviral drugs against deoxyribonucle herpetic keratitis, ase adenoviral conjunctivitis Streptokinase, Preventing blood clots urokinase during operations
Enzymes as analytical agents Enzyme Glucose oxidase, peroxidase Lipase Cholesterol oxidase Various The use of enzyme Determination of glucose concentrations in the blood Determination of triacylglycerol concentration in the blood Determination of cholesterol in the blood Determination of pyruvate,
(stain)
Indicator enzymes Disease Myocardial infarction Liver diseases Pancreas diseases Enzyme aspartate transaminas e, LDH-1, creatine kinase alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminas e, -glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase amylase, lipase, trypsin
Vitamins
James Lind N. I. Lunin
K. Funk N. D. Zelinsky
Classification of some vitamins (for therapeutic and prophylactic effect) The group of vitamins Clinical and physiological characteristics Increase Regulate the overall the functional state of reactivity central nervous system, metabolism a nd tissue nutrition Antihemorragi Ensure the normal c permeability and Vitamins В 1, В 2, РР, А, С С, Р, К
The group of vitamins Clinical and physiological characteristics Vitamins Antianemic Normalize and stimula В 12, ВС, С te hematopoiesis Anti. Increase resistance to С, Р, К infective infection, stimulate antibodies production, enhances the protective properties o f the epithelium Regulating Enhance the visual А, В 2, С
Fat soluble vitamins Vitamin A (retinol)
Vitamin D ergosterol D 2 (ergocalciferol) 7 -dehydrocholesterol D 3 (cholecalciferol)
Richets
Rachitic bone deformation
Vitamin E (tocopherol)
Vitamin K 1 (phylloquinone)
Vitamin К 3 (menadione) Vikasol
Water soluble vitamins Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid)
Ascorbic acid oxidation Oxalic acid
Scurvy
Vitamin B 1 (thiamine) Thiamine pyrophosphate
Beri beri (polyneuritis)
Vitamin B 2 (riboflavin)
Vitamin PP (niacin, vitamin B 3) nicotinic acid nicotinamide
Pellagra
Vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine) Pyridoxamine Pyridoxol Pyridoxal
Active form of B 6 Pyridoxal phosphate
Vitamin B 12 (cobalamin)
Folic acid (vitamin Bc)
Vitamin B 5 (pantothenic acid) Residue of , -deoxy- , -dimetilbutanoic acid -alanine residue
Coenzyme A Residue of pantothenic acid
Vitamin H (Biotin)
Vitamin P (Rutin)
Vitamin U (S-metilmetionin)
Choline
Inositol
Para-aminobenzoic acid
Antivitamin PP -acetilpyridine - pyridine sulfonic acid
Antivitamin K dikumarol warfarin
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Lecture 3 Enzymes, vitamins.ppt