Regional Report Astronomical Activities Update in the Core

Regional Report Astronomical Activities Update in the Core Observatories, China Mainland Suijian Xue (薛随建) National Astronomical Observatories, Academy of Sciences 2010 -05 -10 @ JEJU, Korea Chinese

CAS core observatories Headquarters Yunnan Observatory (YNAO) National Astronomical Observatories (NAOC) Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics and Technology (NIAOT) Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) Urumqi Observatory (UAO) Shanghai Observatory (SHAO) Changchun Observatory (CAO)

Changchun Xinglong (LAMOST) Miyun Huai. Rou NAOC Urumqi Urastai Delingha PMO NIAOT SHAO Gaomeigu FAST YNAO Distribution of the Observatories/Stations/Institutes of NAOC 7

u Current and Ongoing Major Programs & Facilities - Ground－Based Facilities Status & Progress of FAST, 21 CMA

Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope - FAST Three outstanding aspects Unique Karst depression as the site Active main reflector Cable - parallel robot feed support FAST sciences l l l Neutral Hydrogen line (HI) survey Pulsar research Joining VLBI network Molecular lines Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI)

General Technical Specification Spherical reflector：Radius～ 300 m, Aperture～ 500 m, Opening angle 110~120° Illuminated aperture：Dill=300 m Focal ratio：f/D =0. 467 Sky coverage：zenith angle 40°(up to 60°with efficiency loss) tracking hours 0~6 h Frequency： 70 M ~ 3 GHz（up to 8 GHz in future upgrading） Sensitivity (L-Band) ：A/T~2000, T~25 K Resolution (L-Band) ： 2. 9′ Multi-beam (L-Band) ： 19, beam number of future FPA >100 Slewing：<10 min Pointing accuracy： 8″

FAST events n 1994. 7 Proposal initialized – 15 yrs ago n 2006. 3 International review and advisory conference Chaired by Fred Lo and Shuhua Ye n 2007. 7 Funding Proposal finally has been approved by NDRC n 2008. 10 Feasibility Report approved by NDRC n 2008. 12 Preliminary design reviewed by CAS and Gui. Zhou government n 2008. 12 Foundation laid n 2015. 1 First light

FAST progress Exploration in depression rock-soil samples from ground

FAST progress aluminum Reflector elements and prototyping n triangular panels, side ~11 m, n manufacturing error ~ 2. 0 mm Trilateral collaboration on the Multi-horn 19 beam receiver

21 Centimeter Array (21 CMA) Goal: Search for the Lights of First Stars at Epoch of Reionization Physical Area: 50544 m 2 Working Frequency: 70 -200 MHz 10287 antennas @ 4 x 6 km arms Chief Scientist: Prof. Xiangping WU wxp@bao. ac. cn

S N W 1 pod=127 antennas control room 21 CMA Layout 81 pods along two perpendicular arms (6 km+4 km) Baselines: 3240 E Total data size: Freq channels: 4096 4 terabytes / day

Radio Sky Seen with 21 CMA 100 sqr deg around NCP region 10 o

Goal: catch EOR signal 10000 times below foreground VHF Sky@21 CMA Residual Background

Chinese Spectral Radioheliograph (CSRH) a new instrument capable of true imaging spectroscopy, with high temporal, spatial, and spectral resolution Specifications Freq Range 0. 4– 15 GHz Spatial Res. 1. 3”– 50” Array 40× 4. 5 m＋ 60× 2 m Max baseline 3 km Field of view 0. 6°– 7° Site: Inner Mongolia 14

05/07/2010

♦ By April 2010，5 -sets of antennas, feeds, LNAs, optic Transmitter/ Receivers, monitoring sub-system, analogous receivers, digital correlation receivers assembled at Mingantu Observatory, ready for 5 -element test ♦ For CSRH, radio quiet zone protection has been established ♦ CSRH-I (400 MHz-2 GHz) in 2008 -2010 ♦ CSRH-II (2 -15 GHz) in 2011 -2013