Referensi A Communications Model Simplified Communications

Referensi

A Communications Model

Simplified Communications Model - Diagram

Simplified Data Communications Model

Key Communications Tasks

Communications Standard

What “Standard” means?

Standard Bodies

The ISO/OSI Model

OSI Networking Model

OSI Layers (1)

OSI Layers (2)

OSI Layers (3)

Transmission Medium

Guided Transmission Media

Twisted Pair

Twisted Pair

Twisted Pair - Applications

Twisted Pair - Pros and Cons

Twisted Pair - Transmission Characteristics

Unshielded and Shielded TP

UTP Categories

Coaxial Cable (1)

Coaxial Cable (2)

Coaxial Cable (3)

Coaxial Cable Applications

Coaxial Cable - Transmission Characteristics

Optical Fiber (1)

Optical Fiber (2)

Optical Fiber (3)

Optical Fiber - Spectrum

Optical Fiber - Benefits

Optical Fiber - Applications

Optical Fiber - Transmission Characteristics

Optical Fiber Transmission Modes

Wireless Transmission

Frequencies

Terrestrial Microwave

Satellite Microwave

Broadcast Radio

Infrared

Terminology (1)

Terminology (2)

Terminology (3)

Terminology (4)

Terminology (5)

Analog and Digital Data Transmission

Data

Data and Signals

Signals

Analog Signals Carrying Analog and Digital Data

Digital Signals Carrying Analog and Digital Data

Analog Transmission

Digital Transmission

Advantages of Digital Transmission

Transmission Impairments

Attenuation

Propagation Delay

Noise (1)

Noise (2)

Channel Capacity

Modulation Techniques

Adaptive Modulation

Data Rate and Bandwidth

Multiplexing

Time Division Multiplexing

Time Division Multiplexing

TDM System

Frequency Division Multiplexing

Frequency Division Multiplexing Diagram

FDM System