Reconstruction Take out a sheet of paper for

Reconstruction Take out a sheet of paper for notes and label it reconstruction

Setting the Stage 1. 2. 3. 4. After the fighting ended, the next step was putting the country back together How was it going to happen? President Abraham Lincoln wanted the nation reunited and did not think that the Southern states should be harshly punished When Lincoln was assassinated, it was a blow to the South

Struggle to Reconstruct the South 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Plans to bring the country back together began even before the war was over Both whites and African Americans were mainly concerned with surviving in the months after the war There was shortages for food, shelter and clothing The Government was disorganized and not much help So plans for reconstruction emerged

Main Political Parties Copy the following in your own words n n n Republicans: Lincoln’s party Part of which wanted to punish the south for their rebellion Democrats: Main party in the south Six days after Lee surrendered to Grant, President Lincoln was assassinated and his plans for “charity for all” with him Vice President Andrew Johnson, a Democratic, became President

Draw the following Reconstruction Chart on your paper Lincoln 1. 10% of registered voters take loyalty oath 2. Pardon all but high ranking confed. Johnson (similar to Lincoln) 1. All take loyalty oath 2. Former officers & wealthy landowner can’t vote 3. Declare secession illegal Radical Republica ns 1. Wanted to punish conf. states 2. Created Wade-Davis bill which made military leaders govern Congress Created: Freedmen’s Bureau 13 th Amend 14 th Amend 15 th Amend to help freed African Am

Political Changes n n n What were the political changes that occurred in the Country as a result of the Civil War? 13 th Amendment: what did it say? Pg. 300 14 th Amendment: what did it say and when was it passed? Pg. 300 15 th Amendment: what did it say and when was it passed? Pg. 300 Explain why you think they were passed

Republicans Dominate Southern Politics n 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Three groups work together to give Republicans control of the South for about 12 years Southern Freed Blacks will have the right to vote for the first time and will elect Blacks to the House and Senate Henry Mc. Neal Turner was elected state senator in 1868 He was raised as a free man in Macon Georgia and served in the Union Army He promoted land ownership, education, and voting rights Many white Georgians disliked him Once Georgia reunites in the Union, all the elected blacks will be removed from office

First African Americans elected to serve in the U. S. Congress from 1870 - 1877

Republicans in Control Continued 2. n n n 3. n Carpetbaggers: Northerners who came to the South during reconstruction Some came to help freed slaves Some came to start a new life for themselves Others came to exploit the South, something like a loan shark Scalawags: Southern Democrats who worked to support the Republican plans for reconstructing the South but then changed back to full Democrat support later This is NOT a flattering term – someone who has changed sides in order to achieve personal gains

Carpetbagger

Scalawags and Democrats

Other Political Changes n n n Black Codes – a variety of new laws which restricted Freedmen’s rights Such as: prohibited interracial marriage, blocked African Americans from serving on juries and prevented them from testifying against whites and many more This created racial segregation

Social Changes n n n How did the Social Conditions change after the war and the slaves were freed? Primary Source Quote: If all the words of hatred in every language…were lumped together…they could not tell how I hate Yankees. Eliza Andres, in Wartime Journal of a Georgia Girl Freedmen’s Bureau was started What is the Freedmen’s Bureau? Pg. 289 290

Secret Society form n n n Southern whites soon realized that freedmen were determine to participate in the political system and society To counteract this, Secret organization of white formed to terrorize the freedmen and their supporters The most dangerous was the Ku Klux Klan They started in Tennessee by Confederate war veterans They used terror and violence to keep freedmen from voting, holding office and exercising their rights as citizens Federal troops were ordered back to Georgia and a military governor was appointed

Economic Changes n n What economic changes occurred as a result of slaves gaining their freedom? After the war, planters and farmers needed laborers to work on their land. There were many former slaves as well as some landless whites, who needed jobs Workers who had noting but their labor to offer often resorted to sharecropping Under this system, the landowners provided land, a house, farming tools and animals, seed, and fertilizer

Sharecropping Continued n n The workers agreed to give the owner a share of the harvest Until the harvest was sold, the owners often let them have food, medicine, and clothing on credit After selling the crops and paying the bills, the sharecropper had little, if any cash left Many still owed the owner money so they had to stay longer

Economic Changes Continued n n n If you did not want to sharecrop, and could not afford land then you were a Tenant Farmer You would rent land by paying cash to the owner and would be responsible for your own supplies You would also be responsible for your own crops Be able to tell me how the two are different by Who provided land, equipment, home, household goods, and labor for both

End of Reconstruction n n n The final outcome of the presidential election of 1876 was the key to ending Reconstruction Rep. Rutherford B. Hayes and Democrat Samuel Tilden had the same number of electoral votes Hayes made a deal with Southern Democrats If they gave him their electoral votes, he would withdraw the Union troops stationed in the South They agreed because the Southerners were starting to turn their attention to the growth of their economy Federal control of reconstruction ended with the troops left