RAT 430 Teknologi Rekabentuk Bangunan Berkecekapan Tenaga Kuliah

RAT 430: Teknologi Rekabentuk Bangunan Berkecekapan Tenaga Kuliah 2 a Dr. Mohd Zin Kandar

Kandungan Kuliah RAT 403 bhg 2 [Dr Mohd Zin] 1 2 a 2 b 2 c 2 d 3 Initiative and incentives on RE & EE EE Technology Building Design – definition and scope. EE Technology Building Design Concept EE Technology Building Design Parameter Passive approach Active and integrated approach (M&E) Lighting A/C & Ventilation Water Supply & sanitation BANGUNAN Motors, fan, compressors etc. BERKECEKAPAN Other Electrical appliances TENAGA Energy Management System TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

Rekabentuk Bangunan KT ISTILAH ? Bangunan Berkecekapan Tenaga EEA / Seni Bina Kecekapan Tenaga IEBD Bio-climatic office Low energy architecture High-Performance Building / Whole Building Design Approach LEO Building BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN ZEO Building TENAGA Intelligent Building TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

Teknologi Rekabentuk Bangunan Berkecekapan Tenaga Kejuruteraan TEKNOLOGI BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA Seni Bina Rekabentuk TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

PENGGUNAAN TENAGA DI BANGUNAN Kos tenaga mencecah sehingga 70% daripada keseluruhan kos penyenggaraan bangunan. Kawalan persekitaran aktif yang utama ialah penggunaan penghawa dingin yang merupakan antara 65 - 80% daripada keseluruhan kos tenaga. TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

Tenaga elektrik di dalam bangunan meter A/C D/B Plug load Lighting TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

TRBKT - Kearah Pembangunan Mampan Definition & Concept A high-performance commercial building is a building with energy, economic, and environmental performance that is substantially better than standard practice. It's energy efficient, so it saves money and natural resources. It's a healthy place to live and work for its occupants and has relatively low impact on the environment. All this is achieved through a process called whole -building design. TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

Conventional vs Energy Efficiency TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

Energy efficiency potential the following building energy efficiency potentials are attainable: 40% to 50% reduction of energy consumption of new buildings (EEA/IEBD). 15% to 25% in reduction in energy consumption of existing buildings shift of electricity demand for buildings from day to night, thus improving the load factor on electricity generating equipment. (Building Energy Code, Sirim, 2000) TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA PRODUCT USM ARCHI’s DESIGN Tujuan Rekabentuk bangunan KT

TRBKT - Kearah Pembangunan Mampan Design Approach During the design phase. It integrates all the subsystems and parts of the building to work together. Because all the pieces must fit together. It is essential that the design team be fully integrated from the beginning of the process. The building design team can include architects, engineers, building occupants and owners, and specialists in areas such as indoor air quality, materials, and energy use. TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

TRBKT - Kearah Pembangunan Mampan Benefits of EEA include: Reduce energy use by 50% or more Reduced maintenance and capital costs Reduced environmental impact Increased occupant comfort and health Increased employee productivity …cont. TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

TRBKT - Kearah Pembangunan Mampan Benefits of EEA … Employee productivity and business profitability are linked. Recent studies have shown an increase in employee productivity when buildings are designed with occupants in mind—natural light, comfortable temperatures, and a quiet work environment being the most important issues. Research suggests that a well-designed workplace can increase employee productivity by 20%. Further, studies also show that a pleasant indoor building environment helps attract desirable tenants for building owners, increasing the number of potential renters for a building. TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

EEA Technology /High Performance Building Design Process Integrated sun shading Vertical and horizontal sun shading Landscaping PASSIVE Large overhang protect upper floors DESIGN STRATEGY 1 st ASEA N Ene Prize rg Build y Efficien ings 2001 cy in TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

EEA Technology /High Performance Building Design Process ACTIVE DESIGN SELECTION Efficient Air-condition • RESPONSIVE MECHANICAL SYSTEMS • LIGHTING LEVELS • BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS • WATER SUPPLY & DISCHARGE MANAGEMENT • WASTE MINIMISATION & RECYCLING TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA Energy Management

Kajian Kes SECURITIES COMMISSION Building Information Name of Building Securities Commission Name of Owner Securities Commision Project Manager WTW Consultant Sdn Bhd Total Number of Storeys 11 Floors Total Gross Floor Area 94, 288 m 2 Efficiency Chart Energy Efficiency Index 120 k. Wh/m 2/yr Temperature 21. 5 o to 24. 5 o. C Relative Humidity 55% to 65% Lighting Load 13. 7 W/m 2 OTTV 35. 0 W/m 2 The Securities Commission of Malaysia is an 8 -storey office building. It has been designed as a premier "intelligent" building that exceeds the accepted norms of building code and standards of Malaysia. Built in 1998, it is Malaysia's first truly flexible office work environment which allows easy configuration of systems. TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA

1200 m m Ductless ceiling void air return through light fixtures External Skin Internal Skin Structural 4150 mm floor to floor Adjustable Internal Automatic Air extracted to thermal Fixed low level louvres Under floor airconditioning Supply air temperature 170 C Lourved walkway for maintenance access & shading (Glass thickness 12 mm) TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA 2750 mm floor to ceiling Column free office Ductless floor void for electrical & IT trunking, displacemen t air conditioning

ENERGY-10 Optimisation LEO Building MECM NREL / Auto. Build Shoebox Base LEO Conventional KTAK 300 275 k. Wh / m² year 200 175 120 93 56 100 68 64 62 51 0 100 11 25 Cooling Lights Other TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA Total

LEO Building Improved Energy Performance by Review of Design Criteria Topic Design Temperature Standard KTAK LEO Requirement 23 o. C 24 o. C Actual data in LEO Design 24 o. C Lighting Power 20 W/m 2 16 W/m 2 8 -10 W/m 2 Small Power 27 W/m 2 20 W/m 2 6 - 8 W/m 2 Illuminance 500 lux ~ 400 lux TEKNOLOGI REKABENTUK BANGUNAN BERKECEKAPAN TENAGA