Public Policy group presentation by Daihi Joji Seungmin

Public Policy group presentation by Daihi, Joji, Seungmin

Introduction - All the education is free from 5~6 yers old for who are British Citizen. Full-time education is compulsory for all children aged between 5 to 16(inclusive) across Eglish. This can be provided by state schools, independent schools, or homeschooling. About 94 % of pupils in England, and the rest of the UK, receive free education from public funds, while 6 % attend independent fee paying schools or homeschooling.

Education Reforms in the UK The state education system in England Wales has been changing at a frenetic pace in the last few decades, which has led to a generation of curriculum chaos. -virtual abolition of the 11 -plus examination (which was previously used to decide admission to higher secondary schools and which still exists in a few counties such as Buckinghamshire and Kent) -the introduction of non-selective comprehensive schools, where admission is irrespective of ability or aptitude. It’s generally recognised that the introduction of comprehensive schools has raised the standard for the worst schools, while lowering the standards of some schools. Most state education is co-educational. In 1989 a new ‘national curriculum’ was introduced, which was revised in 1993. The state school system in England Wales has been going through a crisis for many years caused by a lack of funding, crumbling infrastructure (the school repair bill runs into many billions), and shortages of books (around a quarter of secondary schools are short of textbooks) and other equipment.

Low teacher morale Teacher morale is low, a result of low salaries, poor working conditions, a lack of professional recognition, stress, government interference and lack of consultation, cuts in education funding, and classroom disruption. Not surprisingly, this has led to a shortage of teachers, particularly in maths and science, and the situation is deteriorating. There also around 35, 000 vacancies a day due to sickness, training or maternity leave, that are temporarily filled by private supply teachers at an estimated cost of £ 300 million a year. In recent years, many schools have been forced to cut their teaching budgets, at a time when they should have been increasing them. Some schools have insufficient funds to buy books for the revised national curriculum and other essentials. (The UK spends less on books per pupil than most other EU countries). Some state schools, particularly primaries, rely on parents and charity fund raising to provide essential. Parents may be asked to make donations £ 100 a year or more per child and business sponsorship also raises millions of pounds a year. One of the most heated debates in the last few years has been over large class sizes. The UK’s state schools have nearly twice as many pupils per teacher as many other European countries. There’s often a huge variation between educational achievement in the same class and the UK doesn’t have a system of holding back slow learners, as is widely employed in other European countries.

Education standards in the UK Illiteracy is a problem in the UK (two million people have no ability to read and write functionally) and the decline in reading, writing and arithmetic among children. The standard of reading and writing is often weak at primary level, Rural school show way low average level in above problems Good schools are said to be getting better, while bad schools are getting worse

Types of school in the UK -There are two kinds of state school in the UK: county schools, and voluntary-aided and voluntary controlled schools. -Specialist Schools -Faith Schools -Free schools -Academies -City technology colleges -Private school

Foundation Schools At Foundation Schools, the governing body employ the school’s staff and have primary responsibility for admission arrangements. The school’s land buildings are owned by the governing body or a charitable foundation. Many of these schools were formerly grant-maintained schools which were phased out in 1999

1. The specific public policy issue being debated or implemented Poor government supply to school Low teacher morale Low level of literacy rate

2. The key decision maker(government, unions, interest groups, citizens, leaders. . . ) Government makes the rules which all the kinds whose age is between 5~16 is compulsory to go to school. Citizen can join public debate or interest groups to express their opinion and try to effect on new public policy. Interest group- Citizen to develp current education system they influence the

3. The manner of consultation(decree, legislative debate, public debate, referendum, etc) Legislative debate 1. The bill is debated and voted in house of commons 2, House of lord also debated and pass the bill 3. consideration of amendments pass the bill 4. Royal assent pass the bill 5. it become law and start to effect on public NO referendum so far about education Public debate: Thorough public debate public share about idea of education. This year there were 3 public debates; March 27 th 2012 - Conference on Employability, Enterprise and Citizenship in higher education. July 3 rd 2012 - Wellbeing and Education Seminar, Liamdeym primary school. Organised by wellbing wales. June 16 th 2012 -Times Education festival

4. The stakeholders(who will be affected and how: government, public, interest groups. . . ) The children will be affected. This public policy will affect their entire life depending on whether they can get into a private school or not. Government will be affected. Strong public policy about supply of school will press government spend more money to education depart. Interest groups will affect if they successed to effect to policy making process, they will do more activity to change more policy

5. Your thoughts on the effectiveness of this public policy First of all, UK should spend more money on Education. Government spent way lower money than any EU countries. And speed of changing of education is too fast. There need to be policy that the system of education cannot be change in certain period. Also, School need to develop both cities and local school.

6. Make sure to explore current issues/challenges if presenting on existing public policies. Establish a democratically elected standing commission – accessible to all citizens online – to consider and recommend future changes to the education system, thereby easing the strangulation of educational thinking by party politics.

Bibliography "Parliament. uk. " UK Parliament. N. p. , n. d. Web. 22 Oct. 2012. <http: //www. parliament. uk/>. "Public Education Uk. " Project Britian. Mandy Barrow, n. d. Web. 21 Oct. 2021. <http: //www. woodlandsjunior. kent. sch. uk/customs/questions/education. html>. "Exploring Wellbeing: Carl Emery. " Public Debate. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 Oct. 2012. <http: //www. exploringwellbeing. co. uk/public-debate/>. "How Laws Are Made in Great Britain. " How Laws Are Made in Great Britain. N. p. , n. d. Web. 25 Oct. 2012. <http: //www. historylearningsite. co. uk/how_laws_are_ma de_in_great_brita. htm>.

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