Program Update for NASA Ocean Biology & Biogeochemistry Advance Planning/ROSES/Budget Paula Bontempi NASA Headquarters April 2006
Office of the Administrator Office of the Chief of S&MA Office of the Chief Engineer Integrated Enterprise Mgt Prog Analysis & Evaluation Mission Directorates Exploration Systems Space Operations Science Aeronautics Research Administrator Deputy Administrator Associate Administrator Chief of Staff NASA Advisory Council Mission Support Offices General Counsel Chief Financial Officer Chief Information Officer Innovative Partnership Program Chief Medical Officer Strategic Communications Education Public Affairs Legislative Affairs External Affairs Ofc of Institutions & Management NASA Shared Services Institutional Planning and Investments Office of infrastructure & Administration Office of Human Capital Management Office of Diversity & Equal Opportunity Office of Security and Program Protection V 3 Inspector General Office of Procurement Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization White House Liaison Aerospace Safety Advisory Council Centers Ames Research Center Dryden Flight Research Center Glenn Research Center Goddard Space Flight Center Jet Propulsion Laboratory Johnson Space Flight Center Kennedy Space Center Langley Research Center Marshall Space Flight Center
NASA Shared Services Institutional Planning and Investments Office of infrastructure & Administration Office of Human Capital Management Office of Diversity & Equal Opportunity Office of Security and Program Protection Office of Procurement Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization
NASA’s Guiding National Objectives • Implement a sustained and affordable human and robotic program to explore the solar system and beyond. • Extend human presence across the solar system, starting with a human return to the Moon by the year 2020, in preparation for human exploration of Mars and other destinations. • Develop innovative technologies, knowledge, and infrastructure both to explore and support decisions about the destinations for human exploration • Promote international and commercial participation in exploration to further U. S. scientific, security, and economic interests • Study the Earth system from space and develop new space-based and related capabilities for this purpose.
NASA Earth Science Research Questions Research: How is the Earth changing and what are the consequences for life on Earth? • How is the global Earth system changing? • What are the primary forcings of the Earth system? • How does the Earth system respond to natural and human-induced changes? • What are the consequences of changes in the Earth system for human civilization? • How well can we predict future changes in the Earth system?
Ocean Science Program Derives from Earth Science Research Strategy ES Science Questions and Ocean Program Involvement Variability Forcing Response Consequence Prediction Precipitation, evaporation & cycling of water changing? Atmospheric constituents & solar radiation on climate? Clouds & surface hydrological processes on climate? Weather variation related to climate variation? Weather forecasting improvement? Global ocean circulation varying? Changes in land cover & land use? Ecosystems, land cover & biogeochemical cycles? Consequences of land cover & land use change? Improve prediction of climate variability & change? Global ecosystems changing? Motions of the Earth & Earth’s interior? Changes in global ocean circulation? Coastal region impacts? Ozone, climate & air quality impacts of atmospheric composition? Atmospheric composition changing? Atmospheric trace constituents responses? Regional air quality impacts? Carbon cycle & ecosystem change? Ice cover mass changing? Sea level affected by Earth system change? Earth surface transformation? Ocean Biology Program Change in water cycle dynamics? Predict & mitigate natural hazards from Earth surface change?
NASA Earth Science Research Programs / Science Focus Areas • Atmospheric Composition, Radiation Sciences, Tropospheric Chemistry, Atmospheric Dynamics • Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems • Terrestrial Ecology, Land Cover/Land Use Change, Biodiversity, Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry • Climate Variability and Change • Physical Oceanography, Cryospheric Sciences • Earth Surface and Interior • Solid Earth and Natural Hazards • Water and Energy Cycle • Water Cycle • Weather
NASA Earth Science Focus Areas • Atmospheric Composition • Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems • Climate Variability and Change • Earth Surface and Interior • Water and Energy Cycle • Weather • Approaches and milestones are outlined in the former Earth Science Roadmaps http: //science. hq. nasa. gov/strategy/roadmaps/index. html • Suborbital Science • Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction Program – integration of Focus Area Science • High-end Computing - Project Columbia
Integrated global Human-Ecosystems-Climate Interactions (Model-Data Fusion, Assimilation); Air-Sea Flux analyses Sub-regional Funded High-Resolution Atmospheric CO 2 T sources/sinks Unfunded Southern Ocean Carbon Program, Process controls; Air-Sea CO 2 Flux Partnership errors in sink reduced Models w/improved Physiology & Functional Types T T = Technology ecosystem functions development Reduced flux uncertainties; Coastal Carbon = Field coastal carbon dynamics Campaign Global Ocean Carbon / Reduced flux uncertainties; Particle Abundance Report global carbon dynamics Vegetation 3 -D Structure, Terrestrial carbon stocks & T Biomass, & Disturbance species habitat characterized Global CH 4; Wetlands, Flooding & Permafrost CH 4 sources characterized and quantified Global Atmospheric CO 2 (OCO) N. American Carbon Program Regional carbon sources/sinks quantified for planet N. America’s carbon budget quantified Effects of tropical deforestation quantified; uncertainties in tropical carbon source reduced Models & Process Computing Case Understanding Improvements: Capacity Studies P Land Use Change in Amazonia 2002: Global productivity and land cover resolution coarse; Large uncertainties in biomass, fluxes, disturbance, and coastal events Land Cover (Landsat) Bridge (LDCM) Ocean Color (Sea. Wi. FS, MODIS) Vegetation, Fire (AVHRR, MODIS) Vegetation (AVHRR, MODIS) 2002 2004 2006 NA Carbon Land Cover (OLI) Systematic Observations Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPP) IPCC NA Carbon 2008 Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPOESS) 2010 IPCC Global C Cycle 2012 2014 Goals: Global productivity and land cover change at fine resolution; biomass and carbon fluxes quantified; useful ecological forecasts and improved climate change projections Knowledge Base Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Roadmap 2015 Global C Cycle
Integrated global Human-Ecosystems-Climate Interactions (Model-Data Fusion, Assimilation); Air-Sea Flux analyses Sub-regional Funded High-Resolution Atmospheric CO 2 T sources/sinks Unfunded Southern Ocean Carbon Program, Process controls; Air-Sea CO 2 Flux Partnership errors in sink reduced Models w/improved Physiology & Functional Types T = Technology T ecosystem functions development Reduced flux uncertainties; Coastal Carbon = Field coastal carbon dynamics Campaign Global Ocean Carbon / Reduced flux uncertainties; Particle Abundance Report global carbon dynamics Vegetation 3 -D Structure, Terrestrial carbon stocks & T Biomass, & Disturbance species habitat characterized Global CH 4; Wetlands, Flooding & Permafrost CH 4 sources characterized and quantified Global Atmospheric CO 2 (OCO) N. American Carbon Program Regional carbon sources/sinks quantified for planet N. America’s carbon budget quantified Effects of tropical deforestation quantified; uncertainties in tropical carbon source reduced Models & Process Computing Case Understanding Improvements: Capacity Studies P Land Use Change in Amazonia 2002: Global productivity and land cover resolution coarse; Large uncertainties in biomass, fluxes, disturbance, and coastal events Land Cover (Landsat) Bridge (LDCM) Ocean Color (Sea. Wi. FS, MODIS) Vegetation, Fire (AVHRR, MODIS) Vegetation (AVHRR, MODIS) 2002 2004 2006 NA Carbon Land Cover (OLI) Systematic Observations Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPP) IPCC NA Carbon 2008 Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPOESS) 2010 IPCC Global C Cycle 2012 2014 Goals: Global productivity and land cover change at fine resolution; biomass and carbon fluxes quantified; useful ecological forecasts and improved climate change projections Knowledge Base Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Roadmap 2015 Global C Cycle
CC&E Roadmap - Oceans • North American Carbon Program (03 -04/Partnership) • North America’s carbon budget quantified • First selections made in Carbon NRA in 2004 • North American Carbon Program/Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (http: //www. carboncyclescience. gov/) – ROSES 2005 NACP • Global Ocean Carbon/Particle Abundance • Reduced uncertainties in fluxes and global carbon dynamics • Carbon NRA in 2004 • Coastal Carbon • Reduced uncertainties in fluxes and coastal carbon dynamics • Physiology and Functional Types • Models with improved ecosystem function • Southern Ocean Carbon Program (Partnership) • Process controls identified; errors in sink reduced • Challenges – update technology roadmaps, slide time line forward….
Carbon Cycle & Ecosystems Focus Area Advance Planning • Engage the broad NASA carbon cycle and ecosystems community to reevaluate NASA directions, goals, approaches, and priorities in carbon cycle and ecosystems research. • Responsive to and informing Agency strategic roadmapping and the NRC Decadal Survey. • Parallel working groups, coordinated by a steering committee to combine and integrate working group products into a comprehensive focus area plan. – Discipline specific documents will be produced and published as needed. • ~18 months to seek broad inputs, assess and prioritize, write and iterate, and revise for publication. • Expect an initial call for white papers followed by workshops and major community meetings.
Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Where do we go from here? • Agency – advance planning, reorg • SMD reorg + Earth science advance planning • Focus Area advance planning • Programmatic advance planning – the next 20 -30 years of ocean biology and biogeochemistry research
Biological Oceanography’s Three Primary Objectives: 2006 Terra Aqua Ocean Biology Processing/ Cal/Val Program (Report) New Measurements/ ESSP/New Initiative (MOBY, new in situ tech, FC) Time Series, Cal/Val (MOBY, HOTS, BATS) Sea. Wi. FS NASA’s Program Ocean/Coastal Processes in from Space Ocean Biology & Biogeochemistry / C C AS C L /O SO P C/ C R A E N B Carbon Cycle, Ecosystems IMResearch
Biological Oceanography’s Three Primary Objectives: 2006 Ocean Biology Processing/ Cal/Val Program (Report) (MOBY, new in situ tech, FC) Linkages with OOI, IOOS/ SIMBIOS follow-on Time Series, Cal/Val (MOBY, HOTS, BATS) • Evolution of calibration science • Opportunities/linkages with other programs • OBPG/SIMBIOS follow on, data policy
Biological Oceanography’s Three Primary Objectives: 2006 Terra Aqua New Measurements/ ESSP/New Initiative/ MERIS • Synthesis and Integration (beyond process studies) • MAP • New measurements: Oceans, COCOA, MAUVE, etc. • Synergies? Ocean fields, atmosphere, radiation sciences • ESSP could provide new opportunity, but planning should not stop there…. can these, and the science questions they address, be rolled into the next 30 years of ocean science from space (not just biology and biogeochemistry…. ) Sea. Wi. FS Ocean/Coastal Processes from Space & Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction
Biological Oceanography’s Three Primary Objectives: 2006 • Synergy with IOOS, OOI, CCSP, OAP, etc. • Investments in NACP, OCCC • International efforts in IMBER, SOLAS, Repeat Hydrography Survey, etc. • New Opportunities from programmatic advance planning - feedback C Carbon Cycle, Ecosystems Research
New Measurements/Missions/Opportunities • Synergy with ORION, IOOS, CCSP • ESSP – Earth System Science Pathfinder • unique, specific, highly-focused mission requirements in Earth science research; addressing Global Change Research to accommodate new scientific priorities and infuse new scientific participation into the ESE • http: //essp. gsfc. nasa. gov/ • Announcement of Opportunity – late 2007 • IIP – Instrument Incubator Program (ESTO) • innovative remote-sensing concepts and the assessment of these concepts in ground, aircraft, or engineering model demonstrations • http: //esto. gsfc. nasa. gov/obs_technologies_iip 1. html • SBIR – Small Business Innovation Research • increase private sector commercialization of innovations and support and encourage minority and disadvantaged businesses • http: //sbir. gsfc. nasa. gov/
The Next Steps • Near term (1 -2 years) • Data Product algorithm selection (ESDRs) • Data Policy - link to MAP efforts • International efforts in IMBER, SOLAS • Interagency Opportunities – ORION, NACP, OCCC • Calibration & Validation Program Plan • Research Program plan, FA science and tech. inputs • Feed in to Focus Area, Earth Science, ESTO, Agency • Moderate term (<10 years) • New Measurements/missions • Dedicated sensors/missions for ocean research • Long term (30 years) • New initiative - where Ocean biology/biogeochemistry research needs to go
Role of the Community • Design and feedback of a robust Calibration/Validation Program & Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Research Advance Plan– Workshops/reports/research – – Collaboration among PIs – integration of efforts with selected proposals Engage ORION and IOOS SOLAS, IMBER, CLIVAR, NACP, OCCC (ship time, etc. ) MERIS Data; ESA’s ENVISAT Science team, Venice Tower • Enhancement of ocean biology processing group – Data product/algorithm selection and round robins; Data reprocessing, merging, assimilation, modeling – Earth System Data Records • National and International Workshops – SOLAS, IMBER, OOI, NACP, OCCC • Annual Ocean Color Research Team Meetings – modeling, innovative technologies, future measurements and initiatives, PROGRESS • NRC Decadal Survey
NASA Current and Approved Oceans and Ice Missions Beyond OSTM (2008) and Aquarius (2009), there are no approved NASA oceanographic satellite missions 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 NPOESS OPS Directed TOPEX/P. JASON OSTM Quik. SCAT AQUA/MODIS ICESAT Competed GRACE AQUARIUS Comm SEAWIFS Today Primary Mission Approved Extended Mission Conditionally Approved Extended Mission
Mission Updates • Sea. Wi. FS – 8 1/2 -year time series – September 1997 - present • Terra MODIS – Spinning up revisit – SST available • Aqua MODIS – Concentrate efforts on product selection and refinement – June 2002 -Present • NPP (NPOESS Preparatory Project) VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite) – NASA NPP Project Scientist, Jim Gleason – provide an update – Wayne Esaias will provide VIIRS update from NASA team • NPOESS (National Polar-Orbiting Environmental Satellite System)VIIRS – Operational focus – systematic observations – triggered Nunn-Mc. Curdy in late 2005, proposed options for fix on 1 June • GLORY – Jacek Chowdhary (Columbia Univ. )
NASA FY 06 and FY 07 Items to Note • 20% cut in FY 06 for SMD, and likely further cuts in FY 07 in core Earth Science Research and Analysis programs • GPM launch moved out 2 years • ESSP call no earlier than FY 2008 • FY 07 budget silent on Ocean Vector Winds • HPLC – hold on sample processing – SEAHARRE-3 identified some problems with data, see C. Trees poster – working on problem + fix, as well as completion of sample processing • Progress reports and grant/contract changes • 90 d ahead of your annual end date, response time
NASA FY 06 and FY 07 Items to Note – U. S. Ocean Action Plan ICOSRMI (Aqua box, Interagency Committee on Ocean Science and Resource Management Integration) JSOST Jack Kaye + Eric Lindstrom IWG on Ocean Observations (IWGOO, replacing Ex. COM) Jack Kaye IWG on Ocean Partnerships (IWG -OP, replacing NOPP IWG) Eric Lindstrom (Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology) IWG on HABs, Hypoxia and Human Health (IWG-4 H, 4 H Club) Paula Bontempi & John Haynes Mary Cleave + Jack Kaye SIMOR (Subcommittee on Integrated Management of Ocean Resources) IWG on Facilities (IWG-F, replacing FOFC) Paula Bontempi + Lawrence Friedl IWG on Ocean and Coastal Mapping (IWG-OCM) Paula Bontempi IWG on Ocean Education (IWGOE) Ming-Ying Wei HABs and Hypoxia (2 H) Paula Bontempi Oceans and Human Health (OHH) John Haynes Ocean Research Priorities Plan – 18 -20 April, Denver, CO http: //www. ceq. gov
NASA Research Opportunities • ROSES – Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Science • Omnibus solicitation with former Space Science • Released in January each calendar year • Rolling deadlines for NOIs and Proposal Due Dates • Updates to different sections in Table of Contents via Amendments by E-mail • Solicitations Closed, Under Review - Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry – Calibration [7 April 2006] - North American Carbon Program (OCCC) - [April/May 2006 panel] • ROSES 2006 - http: //nspires. nasaprs. com/ - Interdisciplinary Research in Earth Science (~$11 M – 4. 17. 2006) - Landscapes to Coasts - Coupled Carbon and Climate Modeling - International Polar Year – ($6 M – 5. 1. 2006) - Integrated analysis/modeling efforts; field campaigns, tech development for UAV instruments - EOS Science Research (~$25 M – 7. 18. 2006) - Algorithms, Science Data Analysis (new products, integrated research, intra and inter-sensor data fusion) – CCSP, OAP, GEOSS
NASA Research Opportunities • New Investigator Program in Earth Science – 2007 (1/8 or 1/10) – mwei@mail. nasa. gov • Designed for scientists and engineers with Ph. D. degrees within the last 5 years • Must be US citizen or legal permanent resident (with Green card) at the time of award (immediately after selection) • Both Research and Education plans are required, with Research carrying approx. double the weight of Education, motivating scientists/engineers to recognize that our job does not end with publishing papers. • 3 -year awards at $80 -120 K/year • A source of PECASE nominations, but not the only source • Earth System Science Fellowship Program – Graduate Students - Annual (1/41/7) • Support to graduate students pursuing master’s and/or Ph. D. degrees in disciplines addressing Earth system science and remote sensing • Up to 3 years of support at $24 K/year (Increase to $30 K/year anticipated in FY 2008) • Applications due February 1 every year; announcement of selections late May; award start-date September 1 • Foreign students, if enrolled full-time at a US institution, may apply
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