Print On Demand for Books and Journal Issues

Print On Demand for Books and Journal Issues: UKSG 2004 Paul Williams, Sales Development Manager, Lightning Source UK Ltd.

Printing on Demand for Books and Journal Issues • • Who are Lightning Source? What is Print on Demand? How POD works Intermission How POD works continued What does POD mean for Publishers? What does POD mean for Libraries? Questions

Who are Lightning Source? - A Company History • 1997 Started as a unit of Ingram Book Company • Reduced Supply Chain costs through a “Just-In-Time” print solution • Established the US market for POD Book services • 2000 Launched E-book Digital Fulfillment Services to e -retailers & publishers • 2000 became a subsidiary of Ingram Industries Inc. Expanded into the UK/European market in 2001 POD - UK printing facility operational since August 2001

Who are Lightning Source? - Size of Operations Printing 500, 000+ Books Per Month 2000 + Publishers Globally 20+ Languages 200, 000 + Titles 10, 000+ Units printed since starting in 1997 US 7 Days / 24 Hours Operation UK 5 Days / 2 Shifts Operation 6 US Production Lines 2 UK Production Lines

What is Print on Demand? – P. O. D. • Short-run digital printing for stock replenishment Under 500 units • Ultra-short-run digital printing Under 25 units • Single copies in response to individual orders Single book or Single Journal issue printing • Speed – fast turnaround times • Availability • Keeping production costs low • Smart inventory management

Printing on Demand for Books and Journal Issues • True POD is a fast and seamless process with the ability to digitally print and distribute a single book or journal issue as close as feasible to a customer’s location, without the need to hold any physical stocks

Types of Publishers using POD services today: • University Presses for extensive backlists & new monographs • Scientific, Technical, Academic, Professional & Reference Publishers for extensive backlists, new books & journal back issues • Trade Publishers for low demand imprints, series or titles • Religious literature publishers • Multinationals publishing in Europe/North America wishing to print an ISBN for local demand • Publishers outside UK or USA who want to access those markets faster without international shipping costs • Author Services organisations for all new titles • Very small independent publishers or “micropublishers” (>10 titles per annum) with no distributor/limited credit for all new titles

Book Sales Lifecycle… NOT the production lifecycle Over half of all ISBNs in the UK sell less than 250 copies per annum Unit Sales per Title per annum UK US 10, 000 100, 000 Best selling New Title 1500 Front List Back List X Out of Print 10, 000 Minimum Offset Quantity 1, 000 A B Bound proofs Dues Low demand front list Virtual fulfillment front list C D Time No more Reprint under consideration No more OP

How POD Works - Traditional Value Chain Retail Channels Offset Print, High Volume Inventory Books / Journal Issues Ship Physical Copies Personal Subscribers Independent Booksellers Wholesaler Author Internet Chains Publisher Distributor Library Suppliers Book Clubs Printer Library Subscribers

How POD Works - Optimal Serials Value Chain Print Just In Time to Customer Order No Inventory, Digital Libraries Print as Close as Feasible to the Customer Channels Personal Subscribers Author Publisher Printer/ Distributor Subscription Agents Library Subscribers

How POD Works - Optimal Books Value Chain Print Just In Time to Customer Order No Inventory, Digital Libraries Print as Close as Feasible to the Customer Retail Channels Independent Booksellers Author Publisher Wholesaler/ Printer/ Distributor Internet Chains Library Suppliers Book Clubs

How POD works • Intermission Movie time!

How POD Works – LS Print On Demand Services Title Accession Services § Scan hardcopy and set up files in LS database § Set up digital files in LS database Orders to LSUK from Wholesalers & Retailers § Orders generated by LS partners § Single copy POD, no handling fee, free freight § Publisher Compensation paid monthly“One Off” Significant Sales e. g. Lightning Source paid over $10 million to publishers in 2003 for US and UK POD Books sold through channel partners § 1 -2 day delivery for paper cover / 10 days for hardcover

How POD works = Order, Print & Ship Order Received for 1 - 1200 Print & Collate to order Pack & Ship Check Trim Bind

What does POD mean for Publishers? • Publishers can keep titles permanently available even when in low demand • Journal Subscriptions starting mid-year can be fulfilled without holding any back issue stocks • Low demand Journal titles – Print enough for paid subscriptions then print singles when required – No expensive overprints or reprints • Backlist or Out of Print books and Journal issues needn’t be

What does POD mean for Publishers? • European publishers have immediate access to the US market or vice versa – Access to a wider market • No need to ship physical stock from UK to USA or vice versa • Reduced production costs – Print only what you need when you need it • Increased Revenue and net profit through wholesalers, distributors, library suppliers and retailers (Wholesale Channel Model)

Amazon Print & Distribute = Rapid Availability – Wholesale channel model Typical US Amazon. com record Jan 2004: American Collegiate Populations: A Test of the Traditional View by Colin B. Burke Availability: Usually ships within 1 -2 business days List Price: $50. 50 & This item ships for FREE with Super Saver Used & new from $29. 95 Edition: Textbook Binding See more product details Product Details Textbook Binding Publisher: New York University Press; (September 1982) ASIN: 0814710387 Amazon. com Sales Rank: 2, 235, 589 Typical UK Amazon. co. uk record Jan 2004: Harley Granville Barker Plays: The Voysey Inheritance / The Madras House / Waste / The Secret Life (Methuen World Classics) Harley Granville-Barker, Margery Morgan (Introduction) Our Price: £ 14. 99 (Approx: $23. 89) 2 Used & New from £ 7. 50 Availability: usually dispatched within 9 -11 days* Print on Demand (Paperback) - 256 pages (11 March, 1993) Methuen Publishing Ltd; ISBN: 0413675300 Amazon. co. uk Sales Rank: 209, 982 * Avoids the new “hard-to-find charge”

What does POD mean for Libraries? • • Wider range of titles available to order Hard to find titles or “OP” titles become “in print” titles Access to printed Journal back issues more readily available Greater access to Local Library holdings ? Where else can POD help you?

Printing on Demand for Books and Journal Issues QUESTIONS? Paul. Williams@lightningsource. co. uk