Principles of Banking Currency Finance An

Principles of Banking, Currency & Finance

An Overview of Financial Institutions By. Prof Riaz Ahmed Mian

An Overview of Financial Institutions The traditional Pakistani financial sector comprises of Ø Banks Ø Insurance Companies Ø Investment Companies Ø Modaraba Ø Leasing Ø Mutual Funds Ø Exchange Companies. Prof. Riaz Ahmed Mian, HCBF, University of the Punjab 1

An Overview of Financial Institutions Banks Ø Two types of banks i. e. foreign and privately owned local banks dominated Pakistani banking scene. Ø In terms of institutional composition, the dominance of scheduled banks in the financial sector strengthened the economy. Prof. Riaz Ahmed Mian, HCBF, University of the Punjab 2

Banks E-banking: Ø In of terms E-banking, Pakistan fairly is doing well, specially keeping in view the progress of the last five years. Ø supportive on E-banking initiatives. Cyber laws are already at a very advanced stage of approval with the Government. Further, GOP is also collaborating with the IT industry and private sector to adopt ECommerce business methodologies. Prof. Riaz Ahmed Mian, HCBF, University of the Punjab 3

Privatization: A Banks Ø MCB, HBL, ABL, UBL and ICP and some other banks have been privatized since the year 2000. As a result of these reforms, the share of the private sector ownership of the banking assets has increased to 80 percent. Ø Privatization to growth contributes economic through productivity gains, efficient utilization of resources, better governance and expansion in output and employment. Profit making enterprises 4

Banks Islamic Banking: ishment The Ø of the major highlights in Pakistan’s financial sector development in recent years. Ø Commercial in Islamic The Banking Pakistan will flourish most when the norms in the society are fully in conformity with the Islamic teachings. Their share in total banking sector is rapidly increasing. 5

An Overview of Financial Institutions Insurance Companies Ø Insurance can be divided into two categories: one is life insurance, essentially a long term business, and other is non-life or general insurance which relates to insurance of property and pecuniary interest etc. Prof. Riaz Ahmed Mian, HCBF, University of the Punjab 6

An Overview of Financial Institutions Leasing Companies The main bread and butter business of these companies in the last decade was the machinery and automobile leasing business segment. In fact leasing companies can be considered as the pioneer of car financing business in Pakistan. The main advantage of leasing companies used to be their lower overheads that allowed them to compete, but as the banks started to encourage their consumer financing (i. e. car leasing) operation, we saw stiff competition during the last years. 7

An Overview of Financial Institutions Financial Markets: As the overall financial sector has registered phenomenal progress, financial markets, including money, forex, and capital market further developed during the early years of last decade. The money market witnessed improvement in the efficiency and increase in-depth of both primary and secondary markets. Improved macroeconomic environment and the stability in the exchange rate have led to considerable progress in external account. Moreover, the foreign currency loans have strengthened the connection between the foreign exchange market and the money market but the terrorism has destroyed our economy in every angle. Prof. Riaz Ahmed Mian, HCBF, University of the Punjab 8

An Overview of Financial Institutions Bank Finance and SMEs: Through the Finance Act, 2006, the Government has made a few amendments in the MFIs Ordinance to expand the business of microfinance banks in the country. A new SME policy was announced by the Government that has made several recommendations to improve the SMEs access to bank finance. It is expected that by following these recommendations, the banking industry would be able to improve financial products and services to SME sector. Prof. Riaz Ahmed Mian, HCBF, University of the Punjab 9

An Overview of Financial Institutions Postscript: Agriculture credit, SME financing, consumer loans and micro-credit have become mainstream products of the banking industry and the borrower base of the banking system has multiplied from 1 million to 4 million households. (cont’d…) Prof. Riaz Ahmed Mian, HCBF, University of the Punjab 10

An Overview of Financial Institutions Postscript: The NBFIs sector, which comprises modarabas, mutual funds and DFIs has gone through a comprehensive transformation under the increased regulatory and supervisory role of the SECP’s regulatory policies, which focused on consolidating weak institutions by strengthening their capital base, have led to a large number of mergers and acquisitions within and across sectors. (cont’d) Prof. Riaz Ahmed Mian, HCBF, University of the Punjab 11

An Overview of Financial Institutions Postscript: However, despite the financial sector development during the last five years, Pakistan is still well behind the peer countries in terms of financial deepening and intermediation. Therefore, for further financial sector development in Pakistan, it is imperative to sustain the continuing strong growth path with low inflation; increasing documentation of the large undocumented sector; expanding outreach of formal financial sector; improving literacy; etc. 12 ------The End----

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