Primitivism is a Western art movement that borrows visual forms from non-Western or prehistoric peoples, such as Paul Gauguin's inclusion of Tahitian motifs in paintings and ceramics. Borrowings from primitive art has been important to the development of modern art. Henri Rousseau Pablo Picasso Paul Gauguin
Term used to describe the fascination of early modern European artists with what was then called primitive art. This included tribal art from Africa, the South Pacific and Indonesia, as well as prehistoric and very early European art, and European folk art. Such work has had a profound impact on modern Western art. The discovery of African tribal art by Picasso around 1906 was an important influence on his painting in general, and was a major factor in leading him to Cubism. Primitivism also means the search for a simpler more basic way of life away from Western urban sophistication and social restrictions. The classic example of this is Gauguin's move from Paris to Tahiti in the South Pacific in 1891. Primitivism was also important for Expressionism, including Brücke. As a result of these artists' interest and appreciation, what was once called primitive art is now seen as having equal value to Western forms and the term primitive is avoided or used in quotation marks.
Henri Matisse The Sorrows of the King, 1952, Gouache on paper and canvas. During the last fifteen years of his life, Matisse developed his final artistic triumph by «cutting into colour » . The cutouts are among the strongest work of his career. For his cutouts Matisse used paper that had been hand-painted with gouache , and laid down in abstract or figurative patterns. Later, the shapes were glued to large white paper backgrounds for shipping or display. The colours he used were so strong that he was advised by his doctor to wear dark glasses. Pompidou Centre, Paris
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