Презентация lect. 8-9 STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION

STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION Lectures 8 —

STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION Handling Stylistically-Marked Language Units Handling Stylistic Devices

Handling stylistically-marked language units In different __________the language ______ select words of different________. The translator _________the _____ status of the _____ text, by using the ______of the same ______or, failing that, _________________.

Handling stylistically-marked language units The __________effect of the text is created with the help of ________________devices. The speaker may __________he mentions in his own way thus giving his________________. Such ______________give much ______to the translator since their meaning is often_________.

Handling stylistically-marked language units Some _______become _______through ______ and they may have ______equivalents in TL, e. g. true love —_______, dead silence — _______, good old England -_____________. In most cases, however, the translator has to______________, which often requires an _______of the broad context.

Handling stylistically-marked language units __________units may also be certain types of__________. ________may be _____as an example. Another common type includes _____ indirect _____of various objects or “___________». A _________of paraphrases is a characteristic feature of the____________.

Handling stylistically-marked language units Some of the paraphrases are ______ from such ________as ____ or the _____and usually have _____ equivalents in Russian ( Attic salt -_______, the three sisters -______, the Prince of Darkness -_______). Others are _________and are either ______or ______in translation: John Bull —____, the three R’s — _____________, the Iron Duke -____________.

Handling stylistically-marked language units A ______of paraphrases are the names of_____, _____and other _____or _______entities: the Land of Cakes (_____), the Badger State (______), the Empire City (______). As a rule, such paraphrases are not known to the ______and they are _____by official names in the translation.

Handling stylistically-marked language units Complicated _________are caused by ST containing ______ language units used to produce a________. The ST author may ______his character’s speech by means of _______ or _________forms. SL __________cannot be _______in TT, nor can they be ______by TL _____ forms.

Handling stylistically-marked language units It would be ________if a black American or a ________spoke in the _____translation in the dialect, say, of the ______________ or western part of_________. Fortunately, the __________forms are mostly an _______of the speaker’s _______or_________, and they can be rendered into Russian by a _____employment of_______, e. g. :

Handling stylistically-marked language units He do look quiet, don’t ‘e? D’e know ‘oo ‘e is, Sir? _______________

Handling Stylistic Devices Causes : : Different words may acquire ________________ lexical meanings which are ___________in the dictionaries in a certain _________(_________ meanings). Transferred meaning _____________the ________________between the two types of __________________: dictionary and contextual.

Causes : Stylistic devices are necessary when the _______ from the _____________is carried to a degree which causes an ____________in the recognized _______ (dictionary) meanings.

Causes : One and the same ________ may be used with________, perform different ________and have different meanings in the _____ system of any language.

Causes : Stylistic devices in different languages are the________ , but they ________differently in languages. This is the _____of stylistic transformations.

STYLISTIC devices Stylistic Devices: Metaphor: — Prolonged metaphor; Metonymy: — Synecdoche; — Metonymic epithet; Antonomasia; Alliteration.

STYLISTIC METHODS OF TRANSLATION One should take into account that while translating there is_______, partial _______and _________ of rendering_____________.

Alliteration — is the ______of the ____________in two or more words. It can be used for_____, logical ________between the components. e. g. Nothing befalls him that he can not transmute into a stanza, song or story. ___________________________________.

Alliteration (functions) The author may use alliteration for the following purposes : To _________and _____________ ( Peter Piper Picked a Peck of Pickled Peppers. ___________________________ );

Alliteration to establish __________ between the components (cold comfort –________; cold conditions –________); to attract____________ (Britain’s Biggest Bazaar –_______________).

Alliteration Very often it is not necessary to ______________ while translating: e. g. Rolls on the Rock –_________;

STYLISTIC METHODS OF TRANSLATION — Alliteration is often ________ when used in ________and ________style, where the _______function is the primary one: E. g. Barbarism in Bars – ________________.

Alliteration should be _______when possible if the _____function is more important than the ________one : E. g. The word Papa gives the pretty form to the lips: potatoes, poultry, prunes and prisms, and all very good for the lips. ____________________________________.

Metaphor is a stylistic device which consists in the _______in a ______________ meaning based on the _____or ______and is used in all _____styles. e. g. hot money — _________. It is important to __________ when dealing with__________.

Ways of rendering metaphor In case it is impossible to______, the metaphor should be then ______or ________ another ________device.

Problems of conveying metaphors: the difference in __________ related to some__________. e. g. black sheep-_________, black frost-__________ the metaphors those _______ in the national_______ e. g. красна девица -________, добрый молодец- ______

Problems of conveying metaphors the metaphoric _______which have the same _______for the both SL and TL but are__________. e. g. B авилонское столпотворение — ______________ Дары данайцев -________

Problems of conveying metaphors Any _____in the metaphor can lead to ______of the whole phrase e. g. SPARKLER- Light up your life! ______________________ !

Problems of conveying metaphors the metaphor in the process of translation can be _______ metaphoric_____, etc. e. g. a beast of a car-_______ an angel of a girl — _______________________

Problems of conveying metaphors and simile Metaphors and similes are _____ figures of speech. Both m etaphor and simile are ______ that describe a _______ : the only difference between a metaphor and a simile is that a ____ makes the ______ by using “_______ » or “_____ «: You are my sunshine ( ____ ) – Your eyes are like the sun ( ____ ).

Problems of conveying metaphors and simile Ways of rendering metaphors and similes: — by choosing __________ where the _______is preserved : E. g. white as a sheet –____________. by finding _________when the _______ of the SL phrase is __________ the different one : E. g. old as the hills –_________.

Problems of conveying metaphors and simile by means of __________ : E. g. As busy as a bee –______. by means of _________of translation : E. g. As large as life – _______

Problems of conveying metonymy Metonymy — is __________of a ______of one ______ to another_______. Metonymic ________ of name is based upon the ___________ of two objects.

Problems of conveying metonymy e. g. Two men entered the room. The red was smiling, the black was upset. _________________________.

Problems of conveying metonymy This example contains the _______is quite simple to translate since the ____and ______expressions are the ______in the SL and TL. Metonymy may be _________with metaphor. Both _____involve the _______of one term for another.

Problems of conveying metonymy While in ____this substitution is based on______, in ______the substitution is based on________. ______example : The ship plowed through the sea (plowed instead of navigated). ______example : The sails crossed the ocean (sails instead of ship with sails).

Problems of conveying metonymy • The most difficult to render are _______based on the ______between: • — the object and its ____ (_______ epithet ); • — the ____and its part (______); • — the ______ and ______ names (__________).

Ways of rendering metonymy by means of __________of the _____name (in case the _____metonymic word has ________ nor _____ in the TL and is not known to the _______ due to _______ cultural traditions):

Ways of rendering metonymy The _______both in the means of _________and the _______ to which it has ______ in the SL and TL. Different ___________ of ________expressions. e. g. To buy some Kellog’s- ______________.

Ways of rendering metonymy by means of ________ transformations (in case __________of the two languages are_____, and the _____ cannot be ____ equivalently in terms of________): structural transformations and _________ in the grammatical____

Ways of rendering metonymy e. g. Very soon after words there was a concerned official’s face staring at me through the jagged hole in the glass of the kitchen door. ___________________________________ __________________.

Ways of rendering metonymy by means of____________ (in case the __________ of the metonymy is different in the ______ and_______________): ___________ transformations when the __________ of the _______ expression do not ________ in SL and TL

Ways of rendering metonymy e. g. These wheels will drive you at your pleasure. ___________________________________.

Ways of rendering metonymy by choosing ____________________ (in case there is a _______________between the ______traditions of expressing individual _____of a certain object in the _____and target_______):

Ways of rendering metonymy ________________ due to _____ correspondence both in _____ and in ______properties of the metonymic expressions e. g. I am revolt of the stupidity of a country police. _________________________________.

Ways of rendering metonymy by means of ________ of the ______ for metonymic transference (in case the metonymic _______ used in the SL does not _______ in the TL in a___________):

Ways of rendering metonymy E. g. The guards now change at Buckingham Palace to a Lennon and Mc. Cartney . ____________________________.

Ways of rendering synecdoche Synecdoche — this __________ is realized in ____variants. The ______is naming the ______ by mentioning ____of it. e. g. Caroling lives with Jack under the same roof. ____________________________________.

Ways of rendering synecdoche The second is using the name of the __________to denote a _________of this object. e. g. The hall applauded. ____________.

Problems of conveying synecdoche The means of it expression may often be________________. Sometimes it requires the __________ of the stylistic device e. g. These wheels will drive you at your pleasure. “These wheels” ______this car. We cannot say “_______ ” because it will not correspond to____________.

Problems of conveying synecdoche “ _________________________ ”.

Problems of conveying epithet Metonymic _______ — on basis of _______between the _____and of its ______ or______. e. g. ______________________________. – A girl in her full denim outfit nearly fell into the office. The only way of translation is _______the _____into the____, but at the same time part of SL ___________information is lost.

Problems of conveying antonomasia Antonomasia — is based upon the principle of ________ of _______with things which ________them. e. g. John is a real Romeo. ____________.

Problems of conveying antonomasia ______________. While translating ____the translator has to reconstruct the ____for the metonymic ______ because the antonomasia is not ______in Russian. e. g. “Old Blue Eyes” for_______. “ The King” for________.

Ways of conveying stylistic devices There are _______ways of conveying stylistic devices : If it is possible, ______them; Stylistic devices can be _______ other_______; Stylistic ________(when it is impossible to ________device in the text).

Assignment for the seminar: Test Ex. 1 pp. 75 Ex. 2 pp. 75 Ex. 3 pp.