President William Clinton
Clinton’s Background • Political Background – At 30, Clinton was the Attorney General for Arkansas – At 32, he became the youngest Governor – Although a Democrat, he was not as conservative as the Republicans but not as liberal as Democrats > centrist • 1992 Election – Key features included health care & middle class tax cuts – Wife Hillary Clinton was a major feature
Presidential Election of 1992 • Democrat – Bill Clinton ran as “protector of middle class” with VP Al Gore • Republican – President George H. W. Bush • Independent – Ross Perot • Electoral Votes – Clinton 370 to Bush’s 168 • Popular Votes – Clinton received less than 50% of popular vote & Perot earned 19% of popular vote but no electoral votes
1992 Presidential Election
Clinton’s Domestic Policies • Deficit Reduction – Although Clinton initially proposed cutting taxes for the middle class, he raised taxes due to the budget deficit – This led to a long period of low unemployment & interest rates • Health-Care Reform – Costs were high & tens of millions of people had little or no health insurance – Clinton’s created a special task force led by wife Hillary to investigate – Response to Clinton’s plan was mixed but defeated in Congress after months of debate
Mid-Year Congressional Election • 1994 Congressional Election – Defeat of Clinton’s health-care reform showed discontent with his leadership as he failed to deliver on campaign promises – Mid-year elections led to Republican victories – Republican Newt Gingrich campaigned on a “Contract With America” with plans to balance the budget, fight crime & get tax cuts – Republicans gained 54 seats in the House, 8 in the Senate, & took control of both houses for the 1 st time in 40 years
Clinton’s Challenges • Oklahoma City Bombing (1995) ▫ Terrorists exploded a bomb in the Oklahoma City Federal Building killing 168 people & injuring 500. ▫ Americans Timothy Mc. Veigh & Terry Nichols were convicted ▫ Mc. Veigh was executed & Nichols got life in prison ▫ http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=PDl. SPALk-y. M • 1996 Presidential Election ▫ Democrat Clinton defeated Republican Bob Dole & Independent Ross Perot again
Oklahoma City Bombing 1996 Presidential Election
Clinton’s Foreign Policy • Oslo Accords 1993 – Clinton hosted the signing of this peace agreement between Israel & the Palestinians – Both agreed to self-rule for Palestinians in certain areas & Palestine recognized Israel’s right to exist • Somalia, Africa (1993) – Bush had sent UN troops to help distribute food to victims starving from the Civil War. – In 1993 the UN tried to end the fighting – The worst American incident occurred in Mogadishu where 18 soldiers were killed & 84 wounded – *Black Hawk Down – Clinton withdrew forces & the experience discouraged him from sending troops to Rwanda in 1994 to stop the genocide – http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Vm. LGz. Zk. Tr 5 U
Mogadishu, Somalia - Africa
Foreign Policy continued • Haiti 1994 ▫ The U. S. helped the U. N. settle a violent dispute with the goal of removing a military dictator ▫ The U. S. presence helped bring a peaceful change in gov’t
Foreign Policy continued • Yugoslavia – This country was formed after WWI with several ethnic groups who were historic enemies. – In the Cold War, it was held together by Tito but his death in the 80 s lead to the unraveling of the country – In the 90 s the country no longer existed & it its place were several smaller countries with lots of violence – 1995 Clinton helped get the Dayton Accords signed to stop fighting in Bosnia & Herzegovina – 1999 NATO intervened against Serbia with the goal of stopping the army’s attempt to force ethnic Albanians from the Serbian region of Kosovo – NATO bombing forced Serbian troops to leave Kosovo – http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ae_c. TGvx. YGI
International Trade • NAFTA – North American Free Trade Association ▫ U. S. , Mexico, & Canada became 1 large free trade zone ▫ Products could be sold across borders without tariffs or trade barriers ▫ Started by Bush but Clinton had to get support ▫ Critics said it could cost American jobs but Clinton thought it would increase trade • WTO – World Trade Organization ▫ Replaced GATT & settled trade disputes & set rules for global trade
Scandal • Whitewater Scandal ▫ Throughout Clinton’s 1 st term, he & Hillary faced an investigation regarding an investment in the 1970 s in real estate known as Whitewater ▫ The Clinton’s & their business partners were questioned about improper behavior in getting and using loans ▫ Special prosecutor Kenneth Starr led the investigation ▫ There were no Whitewater-related charges against the Clinton’s but 3 of their former business associates were found guilty of various crimes ▫ http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=wwoj. P_Ph. OWs
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