Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous Present

Present Perfect + Present Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect • 1)For actions which happened at an unstated time in the past. • F. e. g. : He has sold his car. (When? We don’t know) • 2) To express actions which have finished so recently that there’s evidence in the present. • F. e. g. : He has just painted the room. (The paint is wet)

Present Perfect • 3)For actions which started in the past and continue up to the present. • F. e. g. : She has lived in this house for 2 years. ( She still lives in this house. ) • BUT: He lived in Australia for 1 year. ( He doesn’t live in Australia now. )

Present Perfect • 4)For a past action whose time is not mentioned but which is connected with the present • F. e. g. : I’ve met Madonna. ( I may meet her again; she’s still alive. -period of time not finished yet. )

Time adverbs and expressions used for Present Perfect. • • Just Ever Never Always Already Yet For • • • Since So far • How long • Recently • Today This week/month/ year Once Several times Etc.

Present Perfect Continuous • 1)For actions which started in the past and continue up to the present. • F. e. g. : I’ve been packing my case all morning. (I’m still packing) • 2)For continuous past actions which have visible results or effect in the present. • F. e. g. : They have been walking in the rain. (And now they are wet)

Present Perfect Continuous • 3) to express irritation, anger, annoyance, explanation, criticism. • F. e. g. : Has the dog been chewing on my slippers? ? ? (showing anger) • 4)To put embhasis on duration, usually with for, since, how long. • F. e. g: I’ve been typing letters since 9 o’clock.

Verbs • Live, feel, work- we can use these verbs either in PP or PPC. • Know, believe, see, love, like, taste, understand, want – we cannot use in PPC.