Prepared by: 617 -01 group interns, Faculty: General Practice Алматы 2015 год
* The relevance of the chosen topic is that, unfortunately, many students and medical interns don’t observe the most elementary, science-based rules of a healthy lifestyle. * Today the food services industry turned into an industry that is based on industrial technologies. And, due to the high level of contemporary life and social activity, many people become users of this industry. This is at odds with the concept of a healthy rational nutrition. * The main damage to of irrational nutrition is that such foods results in a number of diseases. Gastritis, gastric ulcer, problems with the gastrointestinal tract, cellulite, hypertension, obesity, increased risk of developing type 2 sugar diabetes in adults, increasing the risk of blood pressure, which increases the risk of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and related complications in the form of a heart attack and stroke. *
To find out how widespread the problem and give the most effective recommendations on rational nutrition and prevention of diseases.
1. 2. 3. • Conduct a survey of medical-interns • To analyze the prevalence of eating disorders among medicalinterns and present results of the research • Pick out the main principles and aspects of a healthy diet. • To develop recommendations and prevention methods.
The sociological method: questionnaires (in the form of mailing by the program) Statistical method: processing of received questionnaire results In analysis took part 181 Kaz. NMU medical-interns The age group 20 -25 years The questionnaire consists of 25 questions *
1 Select your gender: 2 Mark your age: 8, 3% 15 р-в 19, 89% 36 р-в 39, 8% 72 resp. 60, 2% 109 resp 39, 2% 71 р-т 32, 6% 59 р-в 20 - 21 год 22 - 23 лет 24 - 25 более 25 лет Male * female
3 Do you think your nutrition healty? yes no don't know 43, 6% 79 36, 46% 66 19, 9% 36 yes * no don't know
4 How many times a day you take a full meal? (not including snacks) 2, 8% 5 9, 4% 17 21, 55% 9 17, 1% 31 A) Three times (breakfast, lunch, dinner) B) two times daily B) Once a day D) More than three times a day 49, 2% 89 * D) Never
What a meal for you is the main? D) Lunch or snack B) Dinner 1, 70% 3 A) Breakfast B) Lunch 21% 38 B) Dinner B) Lunch 46, 4% 84 A) Breakfast 30, 94% 56 * D) Lunch or snack
6 Where do you eat most commonly? 1, 7% 3 11% 20 A) At home B) In the cafe or buffet 29, 8% 54 57, 46% 104 B) In the workplace D) On a visit *
7 Do you follow the balance of nutrition (in calories, derived protein, fat, carbohydrates)? 44, 75% 8 81 Do 48, 6% you take food shortly 88 before daylight or night's sleep? A) Always follow 33, 1% 60 45, 9% 83 B) I watch, but sometimes I forget A) Always B) Don’t watch, don’t have time to do it 5, 5% 15, 4% 10 28 B) Don’t take B) Never take 6, 6% 12 D) Don’t watch, because I'm not interested in this A) Always B) Don’t take B) Never take
9 Do you often eat much (overeat)? D) Never allow eating B) Most do not admit of overeating B) Most admit overeating A) Each time the ingestion, not including snacks, such as a breakfast 8, 3% 15 37, 6% 24, % 44 29, 83% 54 A) Each time the ingestion, not including snacks, such as a breakfast B) Most admit overeating B) Most do not admit of overeating D) Never allow eating *
11 Посещаете ли вы фастфуд? Совсем не посещаю; 13, 8% 8, 8% 25 р-в 20, 99% 38 р-в 16 р-в 15, 5% 28 р-в 12 Считаете ли вы питание в фаст-фуде вредным для здоровья? Да Нет Раз в пару месяцев Раз в неделю; 40, 9% 74 р-та До трех раз в неделю; Почти каждый день; *
13 Your attitude to fatty foods ( to oil, fats, mayonnaise, sour cream etc. products) A) I like greasy food because it tastes good 24, 3% 44 42% 76 33, 70% 61 B) Neutral to fatty foods B) I do not like fat, it is harmful 14 How much fatty foods do you eat? E) In general, I do not eat fatty foods B) Try to eat in moderation B) I try not to eat fat A) Do not think about the fat content of food 3, 3% 6 р-в 35, 9% 65 р-в How much fatty foods do you eat? 28, 7% 52 р-та 32, 04% 58 р-в *
15. What are your views to spicy food (spices, etc. ): A) Where I like to spicy food, because she tasty 8, 3% 15 р-в 13, 3% 24 р-та 30, 9% 56 р-в B) Neutral to acute food 47, 51% 86 р-в In) I do not like spicy food, she is not tasty D) I do not like spicy food, it is harmful 16. How much spicy food do you eat (spices, etc. )? A) I do not eat spicy food B) rarely eat spicy food B) often eat spicy food D) Always eat spicy (every day) *
17 Your attitude to sweet foods (chocolate, candy, sugar, etc. ): 32% 33, 1% 18 р-в much sugary food How 58 60 do you eat (chocolate, 24, 86% candy, sugar, etc. )? 45 р-в A) I love the sweet, because it's delicious 50, 3% 91 р-т D) Always eat sweet B) I do not like sweet D) I do not like sweet, because it is harmful D) Always eat sweet 19, 9% 36 р-в B) rarely eat sweets B) Often eat sweet 16, 57% 30 р-в B) rarely eat sweets 11, 6% 21 р-т 9, 9% 18 р-в B) I love sweets, but it is harmful in the amounts that I drink it B) neutral to sweet foods A) I do not eat sweets 1, 7% 3 р-та A) I do not eat sweets *
19 Your attitude to drinks such as Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Sprite, Fanta? 20 How often do you consume drinks like Coca. Cola, Pepsi, Sprite, Fanta? A) every day A) I like these drinks are delicious B) I like these drinks, but they are harmful B) I do not like these beverages D) I do not like these drinks, because they are harmful 11, 6% 21 р-т 26, 5% 48 р-в 15, 5% 28 р-в 18, 23% 33 р-та 28, 2% 51 р-т B) Occasionally (1 -2 times a week) B) often (more than twice a week) D) Do not drink *
21 How often do you have a 31, 5% stomach ache after eating 57 р-в or torturing heartburn, bloating or stomach 34, 8% 63 р-та bothers? (one of three or combined) A) often 15, 5% 28 р-в 18, 23% 33 р-та 22 Do you have problems with flatulence (gas accumulation in the intestine) or cramps after eating? A) I have B) sometim es It is B) 5, 5% 10 р-в 19, 89% 36 р-в very rare D) Does not happen 34, 8% 63 р-та th ap pe n D) Does not happen D) Do es is It B) B) very rare no ve ry ra re es im et m B) so A) of te n 39, 8% 72 р-та B) Sometimes it is *
23 Do you have a chronic or 41, 44% acquired diseases of the 75 р-в stomach or intestines 49, 2% 89 р-в (gastritis, enteritis, colitis, 24 Are you satisfied with your relationship to nutrition? ulcers, etc. ) 53, 6% 97 р-в 9, 4% 17 р-в A) I have 34, 8% 63 р-та B) Do not have A) I have B) Do B) I not had, have but were cured B) I had, but were cured 1 * 11. 6% 21 р-т 3 2
25 Would you like to change the schedule, or in any way contribute to ensure that your food was the best? 1, 7% 3 р-та 26 Do you play sports or do physical activity regularly or any physically active (for example, dance)? A) I do not want to change anything, everything will remain as it is 26, 52% 48 р-в B) I would like to see my food was correct, but a lot of different circumstances that prevent it to realize 71, 8% 130 р-в A) I am engage d 53, 04% 96 р-в 47% 85 р-в B) I do not care A) I am engaged B) Do not do *
Describe your health: 49, 7% 90 р-в 1 30, 4% 55 р-в 14, 92% 27 р-в 3, 3% 6 р-в 0 * 1 2 3 4 1, 7% 3 р-та 5 6 2 3 4 5
* In the normal course of life, we forget to eat without getting the necessary vitamins * * and minerals from food and therefore we tend to get our sorrows from our poor lifestyle choices. A balanced diet is important for everyone, especially for a young body. The results of this study the doctors showed that 79 (43. 6%) of respondents believe that they are not healthy (not a balanced diet)! 49. 2% (89) twice daily take full meal! Most doctors try to eat at home most commonly 57. 46% (104). The largest amount of food a person eats per day during lunch 46. 4% (89) Most of the medical interns try to stick to proper diet, of 181 medical interns surveyed 148 (81. 77%) think fast food harmful, because they understand it the negative impact on health. Большинство интернов любят острую 47, 51% и сладкую пищу 50, 3%, но понимают ее вредность и соответственно стараются ограничить их количество. Most interns interviewed, few complain of heartburn, bloating, 34. 8% (63), flatulence 38. 8% (72), etc. After the survey, analyzing the data, we realized that many of the students are well informed on the issues of healthy eating, this can be judged on certain questions in the questionnaire: 28. 7% of interns try not to eat fatty foods and try to 35. 9% eat in moderation. From all this it can be concluded that students, despite his fragile regime of the day, frequent stress, irregular meals, try to maintain a healthy diet and limit the consumption of harmful products. *
* Eat a variety of foods from all the food groups every day. * Remember! No food is absolutely "good" or completely "bad. " * Balance the use of food and products from various groups. * Maintain a healthy body weight, adjusting the amount of food intake and increasing * * * * * physical activity. Eat small portions. Eat regularly without major interruptions. Do not give up just for you from unwanted foods, reduce its amount. Change your diet gradually. Eat more foods rich in fiber (fruits, vegetables, bread and other cereal products and cereals). Limit fat intake. Choose foods low in fat. Try to prepare foods without fat or with the least possible adding it. Limit intake of pure sugar. Limit consumption of salt. Avoid drinking alcohol. The recommendations do not contain categorical appeals to stop the consumption of some foods, nutrients, or, on the contrary, offer only one kind of food. The essence of recommendations - a balanced food restriction of one type or another to increase the consumption depending on the role of individual components in the prevention or, conversely, to increase the risk of chronic diseases. Of course, these recommendations help to ensure the need for nutrients and energy, i. e, meet the requirements of a balanced diet. *
* 1. А. Г. Сушанский, В. Г. Лифляндский. Энциклопедия здорового питания. Т. I, II. СПб. : «Издательский Дом “Нева”» ; М. : «ОЛМА-ПРЕСС» , 2001 г. * 2. Рольф Унзорг. Энциклопедия здоровья. Здоровое питание. М. : «Кристина и Ко» , 1994. * 3. Н. Ф. Сорока. Питание и здоровье. Минск, 2004. * 4. В. И. Гарбузов. Человек, жизнь, здоровье. СПб. , 1997. * 5. 5. http: //www. rasteniya-lecarstvennie. ru/3446 -zdorovoeracionalnoe-pitanie-studentov-vuzov. html * 6. http: //www. foodgrad. ru/zdorovoe-i-racionalnoe-pitanie * 7. Диск «Школы пациентов» из серии «Документы главной медицинской сестры» . № 2 , 2010 г. Информационный центр «МЦФЭР Медицина» ЗАО «МЦФЭР» , 2010
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