Potential ecological problems of the oil drilling in Arctic Zone of Russian Federation Student: B. S. Artemyev Group № 3073/2
The general aim: to consider the current situation in Arctic Region of Russian Federation and find the ways to minimize the potential negative impact of oil extraction in this region.
That implies the following tasks: to overview the accidents related to oil drilling round the world and their consequences; to consider all the important features of the Arctic region environment; to overview the existent ecological problems in that region; to consider current problems related to oil spills in Russian Arctic and prospects of future oil drilling in Arctic Zone of Russian Federation (AZRF); to consider current facilities of oil spill response in Arctic.
Arctic - about 22% of world oil stocks 20% demand growth by 2030 Conventional oil / unusual methods Unusual weather conditions Hard to clean up spills Fragile nature How to find the way?
What do we have? 1. Godafoss oil spill, Febr. 2011 - Norway - 72000 barrels of oil - t = -20˚C - Good weather conditions - 50% recovery in 4 days - Seabirds affected
2. Exxon Valdez spill - Alaska - March 1989 - 258 000 barrels of oil - Thousands of sea otters, seals, ¼ af a million seabirds died - Just one mistake - Populations still not recovered
3. Deepwater Horizon - Gulf of Mexico - April 2010 - 4, 9 million barrels of oil - Good weather conditions - About 25% recovered - More than 50 species affected - 2013 – oil is still on the bottom
Arctic. Important features - Polar region - Vast, ice-covered ocean, surrounded by treeless permafrost - Strong winds - Average winter temperatures − 40 °C - Slow reproduction cycle …Oil behave differently
Existent eco problems - Arctic haze - Bioaccumulation - Warming …Already suffering
Arctic Zone of Russian Federation - Relatively clean - Has some “hot spots” - Current oil inflow is not dangerous - High river contamination
Accidents and irresponsibility Drilling: Kumzhinsk field - caused 6 years uncontrolled gas flowing Pipelines: Usinsk area, the Komi Republic - had no repair for 15 years Transportation by tankers: Onega bay - carrier escaped from the locus of the accident
According to the Central Dispatching Department of the RF Fuel and Energy Complex: - 28 000 ruptures in 2010
Plans - Prirazlomnaya offshore platform - Most negative scenario – 2000 tons spill - 7 million rubles insurance - Safety concerns, delay till spring 2013
Available oil spill response in Arctic Bioremediation (too slow in Arctic) - Skimming (requires calm waters) - Burning (unacceptable) - Vacuum and centrifuge (useless in Arctic) - …Not more than 15% recovery
Conclusion - Wait for new researches - Improve bioremediation facilities - Concentrate on preventive measures
Thank you for your attention!
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