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Pollution Prevention (P 2) Pollution Prevention (P 2)

What is P 2 ? • Reducing or eliminating pollutants or waste at the What is P 2 ? • Reducing or eliminating pollutants or waste at the source instead of handling it after it is created • Can be done through changes in § equipment § a procedure, process, or method § product substitution or elimination § training § improved housekeeping § better inventory control § any other means ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Origin of P 2 • 1986, Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act – Required Origin of P 2 • 1986, Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act – Required facilities to track and report annual use of toxic chemicals – Applicable to industry, but not federal facilities • 1990, Pollution Prevention Act – More guidance and requirements, but still not mandated for federal facilities ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Origin of P 2 (continued) • 1993, Executive Order 12856 – Required federal facilities Origin of P 2 (continued) • 1993, Executive Order 12856 – Required federal facilities to comply with previous laws – Imposed reduction goals (reduce chemical use by 50% over 5 years) – Indicated that federal facilities will set an example • 2000, Executive Order 13148 – Continued certain previous req’mts – Imposed new reduction goals – Emphasized enviromental leadership and required facilities to implement an EMS ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

“…. Federal Facilities will set the example for the rest of the country and “…. Federal Facilities will set the example for the rest of the country and become the leader in applying P 2 to daily operations, purchasing decisions, and policies. In the process, federal facilities will reduce toxic emissions, which helps avoid cleanup costs and promotes clean technologies. ” (From EO 12856, 1993) ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

P 2 Philosophy • First choice: Prevent or Reduce Pollution At Source When Feasible P 2 Philosophy • First choice: Prevent or Reduce Pollution At Source When Feasible • Second choice: Recycle if Pollution or Waste Cannot Be Prevented • Third choice: Ensure Proper Handling, Disposal, or Treatment of Pollution or Waste If The Above Options Are Not Feasible ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

P 2’s Value to the Army • Solution to a problem • Enhances readiness P 2’s Value to the Army • Solution to a problem • Enhances readiness • Supports modernization • Improves quality of life • Saves money, time, or labor • Improves workplace safety and environmental compliance ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

 • Environmental compliance has high and increasing costs (over $500 million each year) • Environmental compliance has high and increasing costs (over $500 million each year) • Funds allocated for environmental requirements reduce funding for other army missions • Alternative uses for funds: – $800 K is 175 helicopter flying hours monthly – $100 K a year buys 800 miles of tank operation • Traditional end-of-pipe compliance too expensive • P 2 is a cost effective method for environmental compliance ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Enhancing Readiness – Reduced maintenance cost – Reduced supply costs – Better shelf life Enhancing Readiness – Reduced maintenance cost – Reduced supply costs – Better shelf life or condition of garrison or deployment stocks – Cost savings give organizations funds for other parts of mission – Time savings give organizations more time to devote to mission ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Improving Quality of Life • Pollution ultimately affects our personal lives if it enters Improving Quality of Life • Pollution ultimately affects our personal lives if it enters the air, land, or water • Prevention or reduction in pollution means less health hazards for soldiers, families, and civilians • Means more funds can go into areas such as recreation programs & facilities, post housing upgrades and ammenities, etc. ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Supporting Modernization Reduced life cycle cost for weapons systems and commodities • More dollars Supporting Modernization Reduced life cycle cost for weapons systems and commodities • More dollars for R&D, acquisition, and fielding • Less environmental cost and liability in out years • Environmental costs are as much as 40% of some program life cycle costs ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Original P 2 Areas of Consideration • Chemicals • Hazardous Waste Major focus • Original P 2 Areas of Consideration • Chemicals • Hazardous Waste Major focus • Garbage/Solid Waste • Ozone-Depleting Substances ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Army Success Stories – Chromate conversion for aluminum on vehicles – Cadmium elimination in Army Success Stories – Chromate conversion for aluminum on vehicles – Cadmium elimination in M 1 A 1 tank – Photo Waste Reduction • Silver recovery • Digital – New parts washers/solvents – Hazardous material pharmacies – BA 5590 lithium battery reuse program – Environmental Compliance Officers – Low-level mercury fluorescent lamps ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Another Example • National Training Center, Fort Irwin CA – Rotational unit removing contaminated Another Example • National Training Center, Fort Irwin CA – Rotational unit removing contaminated soil from various rotational spills with heavy equipment instead of shovels – 990, 120 lbs vs. 3080 lbs for disposal – $ 7, 920, 960 vs. $24, 640 disposal cost ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Additional P 2 Areas To Consider • Energy • Water conservation/reuse • Smarter building Additional P 2 Areas To Consider • Energy • Water conservation/reuse • Smarter building construction & de-construction • Continued recycling emphasis and methods • Buying “green” products ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Energy Savings • Geothermal heat pumps in new buildings & housing quarters • How Energy Savings • Geothermal heat pumps in new buildings & housing quarters • How does it work? – Heating & cooling exchange takes places with underground water not ambient air – Underground water is cooler in summer; warmer in winter. Takes less energy to convert it to the temperature needed in the house than if using air ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Who Has It In Do. D ? • • • Housing Areas Camp Le. Who Has It In Do. D ? • • • Housing Areas Camp Le. Jeune NC Fort Irwin CA Fort Polk LA o 33 -42% annual energy reduction o local utility company finances o installation & utility co. annual share savings ($1. 3 to $2. 8 million) o utility company maintains equipment o annual savings pay off equipment costs in 10 -20 years; then gov’t owns ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Water Reuse & Conservation • Water-saving kitchen/bathroom fixtures • Ensuring automatic sprinkers do not Water Reuse & Conservation • Water-saving kitchen/bathroom fixtures • Ensuring automatic sprinkers do not run during rain • Ideas for re-using water from hydrant flushing • Ideas for capturing rain water for re-use in irrigation ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Solar Power Solar panels used to heat indoor pool at physical fitness center ARMY Solar Power Solar panels used to heat indoor pool at physical fitness center ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Smarter Building Design • Floors, carpets, walls, doors, ceilings and roofing systems, insulation, painting--Assessment Smarter Building Design • Floors, carpets, walls, doors, ceilings and roofing systems, insulation, painting--Assessment of reusability, solid waste generation, and indoor air quality. • Masonry, stucco, lathing and plastering--Environmental characteristics of recycled and composite materials. • Metal studs in load-bearing walls as a substitute for wood. • Scrap tire chips and cement and asphaltic concrete in pavements--Elimination and use of waste materials. • Bottom ash used as fill, and waste materials in pavements--reusing construction waste materials. • Recycled plastic composite railroad ties. • Recycled site furnishings and playground equipment. • Energy efficient HVAC controls, radiant heating systems and desiccant cooling systems. • Water and energy conserving plumbing fixtures. ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Hall of Fame Buildings Chesapeake Bay Foundation Uses 1/3 less energy & 10% less Hall of Fame Buildings Chesapeake Bay Foundation Uses 1/3 less energy & 10% less water Composting toilets Rainwater Collection Renewable energy sourcessolar or geothermal ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Hall of Fame Buildings American Youth. Works Roof is 85% solar reflective Concrete contains Hall of Fame Buildings American Youth. Works Roof is 85% solar reflective Concrete contains 40% flyash No or low VOC paints used throughout Vegetable and herb garden Orientated to maximize daylighting Recycled-content ceiling tiles, salvaged doors ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Hall of Fame Buildings J. J. Pickle Elementary Proper solar orientation Rainwater collection (1 Hall of Fame Buildings J. J. Pickle Elementary Proper solar orientation Rainwater collection (1 st) Salvaged longleaf pine 20 -35% fly-ash in concrete Low VOC paints and finishes Total energy cost reduced by 25% Saved over $12 million ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Hall of Fame Buildings MPCON Placket Manor – BEQ Barracks Low-flow water fixtures Reflective Hall of Fame Buildings MPCON Placket Manor – BEQ Barracks Low-flow water fixtures Reflective roof with high insulation Daylighting and Ventilation HIGHLIGHT: Completed in 2 years with ZERO $ spent on change orders ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Hall of Fame Buildings The Nature Conservancy International HQ VISION: Protect the Environment and Hall of Fame Buildings The Nature Conservancy International HQ VISION: Protect the Environment and conserve donated funds Brownfield Restoration Extensive Daylighting and Ventilation Excellent Indoor Air Quality No Additional First Costs ! ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Hall of Fame Buildings ING Bank 80% Utility Savings Multidiscipline Team Developed Design for Hall of Fame Buildings ING Bank 80% Utility Savings Multidiscipline Team Developed Design for 3 years Integrated Art, Sunlight, Natural Materials, Plants, Water into functional work environment NO additional cost ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Hall of Fame Buildings Environmental Training Facility Straw-bale construction Active day-lighting Straw-wall panel system Hall of Fame Buildings Environmental Training Facility Straw-bale construction Active day-lighting Straw-wall panel system Water-less urinal Bowling alley floor ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Hall of Fame Buildings Adam J Lewis Center ZERO EMISSIONSLiving Machine™ Geothermal PV Solar. Hall of Fame Buildings Adam J Lewis Center ZERO EMISSIONSLiving Machine™ Geothermal PV Solar. Roof Restored Wetlands on site ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

“Green” Building Deconstruction : Recycling Materials From Buildings (valuable wood, windows, doors, metals, fixtures “Green” Building Deconstruction : Recycling Materials From Buildings (valuable wood, windows, doors, metals, fixtures , etc) • Fort Knox KY over 3 years: o 258 buildings & 451 apartments recycled o over 150, 000 tons (300, 000 lbs) diverted from landfill o saved $1. 5 million in landfill disposal costs o saved $12. million in demolition costs o generated over $255, 000 from salvage operations • Army guidance being developed ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Continued Recycling Emphasis • Recycling being revisited at Ft Rucker (economic challenges) • Post Continued Recycling Emphasis • Recycling being revisited at Ft Rucker (economic challenges) • Post needs to continue using existing opportunities – Scrap metal (DRMO) – Printer/toner cartridges to HMCC – Empty metal oil cans crushed at HMCC (over 200, 000 containers annually) – Reuse of white paper or other materials within offices ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Buying “Green” : Environmentally Preferable Purchasing • Also called “affirmative procurement” • What does Buying “Green” : Environmentally Preferable Purchasing • Also called “affirmative procurement” • What does it mean? – Buying items with recycled content – Buying items with less impact on safety & the environment • Why? – Required by Executive Order 13101 – Improves safety and the environment ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

Buying “Green” : Environmentally Preferable Purchasing • Many products you use are also available Buying “Green” : Environmentally Preferable Purchasing • Many products you use are also available as environmentally preferable products (EPP) • Many perform well and are about do not cost extra • How to buy more EPPs? See handout • Video ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

 • P 2 is: – good science – good engineering – good business • P 2 is: – good science – good engineering – good business • Compliance through P 2: – P 2 will become the standard way of meeting Army environmental goals ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER

In summary, P 2…. . • Is required by law, but is also a In summary, P 2…. . • Is required by law, but is also a smart thing to do • Is necessary to meet increasing demands & req’mts despite shrinking resources • Will continue to play an important part in ensuring that Fort Rucker can sustain future operations ü Is an area where each individual can make a difference ARMY AVIATION WARFIGHTING CENTER