
abd1eeddfe92c9324e7439ce2f2e6e0c.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 30
Polish Ministry of Transport and World Bank Workshop on Road User Charging Systems An Overview of Road User Charging Systems Cesar Queiroz Roads and Transport Infrastructure Consultant World Bank Warsaw, Poland 11 -12 June 2007
Presentation Outline • • Alternative road finance methods Why user charging systems? Historical overview Some currently used charging systems • How private financing can help
Why User Charging Systems? • Reduce congestion • Generate revenue • Increase investment in transport infrastructure • Apply the “users pay” principle • Provide “value for money” (Vf. M) to paying users
Historical Overview • Toll road at Wadesmill in Hertfordshire, UK, established in 1663 by Act of Parliament • 19 th century concessions: toll roads, bridges, tunnels in US; railways in France; subway in London • Suez (1860) and Panama (1880) canals • Decline around 1930 (great depression) • Resurgence in the 1980 s: collapse of the state-owned monopoly paradigm
The Maysville Turnpike, USA, 1830
U. S. 1 in South Carolina, 1921 A toll house at the approach to a bridge
Backup at Toll Plaza Bay Bridge toll booths, beach-bound traffic August 1999 Source: The Washington Post
Riverside Freeway, SR 91, CA • First fully automated toll road (free-flow system), 16 -km long, opened on December 27, 1995 • Serves commuters on Riverside Freeway (SR 91), Orange County, south of Los Angeles • Original developer and operator: California Private Transportation Company • Achieved cash flow break-even in mid-1998 (can pay operating and debt expenses from revenues)
Riverside Freeway, SR 91, CA
SR 91 Express Toll Lanes
SR 91 Express Toll Lanes
SR 91 Express Toll Lanes Typical PM Peak
Toll Collection System: overhead antennas and transponder
Windshield-mounted Transponder
Fas. Trak Transponder
Heavy Goods Vehicle Charging in Germany • Since 1 January 2005, all trucks exceeding 12 tons pay for each kilometer of motorway traveled • Fee is based on emission classes and number of axles • GPS-based “on board unit” (OBU) mounted on a truck Source: http: //www. tollroadsnews. com/cgi-bin/a. cgi/rw. XBNl 0 REdmc. EIJ 61 nsx. IA
Objectives of Heavy Goods Vehicle Charging in Germany • To introduce infrastructure charging based on the “user pays” principle • To secure funding for the further upgrading and maintenance of transport infrastructures • To provide an incentive to shift freight traffic to the rail and waterway modes, in the interests of the environment, and to deploy HGVs more efficiently • To promote innovative technologies Source: Edith Buss, “The German Tolling Prospects, ” Poland MOT and WB RUC Workshop, June 2007
Cameras Should Catch Toll Road Cheaters • Virginia DOT has installed a $7. 6 million camera system at booths on the Dulles Toll Road and other pay-todrive highways • Violators are confronted, since January 2007, with a picture of their license plates taken at the time of infraction • Cheat drivers on Dulles Toll Road: 1. 7%; in the US: 3%
Revenue from Users and Road Expenditures EUR billion Source: Poland RUC Workshop Questionnaire, Country Answers
Strategies to Increase the Impact of Available Funds • Reduce costs: appropriate technology, competitive bidding, value engineering • Reduce corruption • Public-private partnerships, usually associated with an appropriate road user charging system
Where and How Can PPP help? • In While PPPs are not a panacea, experience in a number of countries, both in the developing and developed worlds, have shown that well structured PPPs can help a country expand its transport infrastructure without overburdening its budget • The experience of several countries will be reviewed in this workshop
Road Investments in Chile
Upcoming Paper • “An Overview of Road User Charging Systems in European Countries” • Will incorporate results of this Workshop • Expected in July 2007 [If not, please blame Cesar, Michel and Barbara]
Thank you Barbara!
Thank you!
Cesar Queiroz Road and Transport Infrastructure Consultant Tel +1 202 -473 8053 Cel +1 301 -755 7591 Email: cqueiroz@worldbank. org www. worldbank. org/highways
http: //ppi. worldbank. org/features/feb 2007/Feature 1. aspx
abd1eeddfe92c9324e7439ce2f2e6e0c.ppt