Planning for Bayanihan Graduate Institute of Building and

Planning for Bayanihan Graduate Institute of Building and Planning, NTU Professor: Chen Liang-Chun Assistant : Justina Wu Students: Kray Lin, Betty Huang, Jamie Chou, Daria Chien, and Mimi Lin

- OUTLINE 1 2 3 4 • Brief Introduction • To show our understanding about Ilongot as the basis of site analysis • Current Situation • Site survey and comparison • Cases from Taiwan • Drawing on Taiwan's experiences for Bayanihan's references • Planning for the New Sites • Our proposal for physical design: overall plan & detail plan

1. Brief Introduction

Location MANILA AURORA Population: 187, 802 Area: 3, 147. 32 km 2 BAYANIHAN MARIA AURORA Area: 61. 28 km 2 AURORA Population: 35, 289 Area: 426. 19 km 2 BALER Barangay: 40 The capital municipality Population: 34, 492 Area: 92. 55 km 2 MARIA N

Locational Relativity of the Sites Site 2 TALUMAYEN Site 1 BUKNOAN Original site BAYANIHAN Major traffic system

Ilongot Culture Vernacular Language p Egongot. Traditional Conventions Traditional cluster type p Folk Dance and Music: Accompanied with "Kulising", an instrument made of bamboo and tightened with string. p Clothing: Men used to wear the "bahag" and women used to wear colorful dress. p Bamboo-woven workmanship: such as Bamboo-woven baskets. Nowadays, some of the residents still make them for selling to the tourists. p Hunting: The meat of the prey pig will be eqaully distributed and shared among all the community members. Of Religious Belief p The residents hold the concept of "sacred territory", which doesn't necessarily imply that there is dreadful "taboo". p They just want to make sure that the "sacred territory" is safe from destruction. p In the present day, most of the residents are Christian.

2. Present Situation

Original site of BAYANIHAN House Living Entrance Vehicle Shop Hunting Shed Shoe Exchange

Site Survey: from the aspect of "living" Infrastructure Bayanihan office Bayanihan plaza -entrance- High school Elementary school church Health center

Transportation p Bull cart & tricycle. p The only access to Bayanihan is an iron bridge. in which way, buses and trucks are not allowed. Shopping p There a lot of grocery stores available. which supply refreshment, beverage, and vegetables. p Maria main street fulfills other buying needs. about 30 minutes by car. Infrastructure p Garbage collection and disposal: rubbish bin → the process of "sorting and recycling" needs improvement. p Water supply, power, and communication facilities → using spring water and groundwater simple drainage system outside the houses → Nearly every house has electricity. → The quality of communication facilities is not satisfying.

Density of Population: 1122 people Household: 220 Residential Building Types p Traditional Type: Stilt structure makes of local materials, such as the palms. Two or three buildings form a cluster; one for living, the other for dining or used as granary. Site Survey: from the aspect of "living" Rest space Main building Additional space Pavilions with traditional type in the yard for rest. They may put hammock for nap. Bamboo benches aside the street. Greening Gardening p Modern Type: Single-story houses use hollow bricks, plank and iron sheet. One unit is composed of living, working structure, and a yard. Flowering plants. Almost one tree in each household unit.

Site Survey: Industry Traditional way: Basic Industry: Secondary Industry: hunting, fishing, acquisition, and primitive farming agriculture on coconut and rice retails, handicraft, and livestock at home Cultivating outside the community is the residents' primary way of making a living. Their daily life relies mainly on their own cultivation, raising poultry and cattle at homes. Small retailing provides other daily needs, such as communication devices. " Primary " agriculture-- making money " Autarkic " agriculture-- fulfill the daily needs

Site 1 BUKNOAN Talumayen Buknoan Bayanihan ou rgr de Mo un ta in Un Ro Riv er ad nd Str ea m Da m N

Site 1 Analysis The situation of river Smooth alluvial plain Rainy season Dry season A Upper land B’ smooth +2. 3 m +1. 3 m River A ’ Ditch B A Puddle B Upper Land A ’ B’ River Road The risk of flood

Site 2 TALUMAYEN

Site 2 Analysis-Talumayen Buknoan N Bayanihan N • Extremely steep slopes • Intact forest • Low accessibility River Road Possible catchment area

Site Analysis by Comparison Site 1 slope Smooth--Some upper lands inside Beside river Site 2 Steep Beside river Site situation water Large amount of underground water Stream in the site Underground stream, runoff everywhere Possible damage A few trees Many trees Raising of underground water tree The possibility of two watersheds Possible watershed Flooding Mudflows and landslides Developing cost Development Limitation Easier --Riding 10 minutes from Harder--Cross the river from original site Lower site 1 in 5~10 minutes Higher Living household Eco-tourism Public & tourism facilities Planting & hunting The underground water may affect Accessibility High cost for developing the structure of buildings Holy domain needs proper manage ways

Physical Condition of the 3 Sites • • Ilongot tribe’s holy area Intact forest Extremely steep slopes Inconvenience traffic Site 2 TALUMAYEN Site 1 BUKNOAN • • • Alluvial plain Flat terrain Convenience for water use The risk of flood Located under the hill Original site BAYANIHAN • The original site • Public facilities are complete • Nearly developed Blue Advantages Red Disadvantage

Visions Residents' Requirements Progressive Community Infrastructure Water, Road, Market, Education Communication facility, and Sewage system Other facilities Church & Recreational facilities Showcase God Faith Culture Preservation Museum Documentation History, Festival, and Ilongot codes ( Writing, Language, and Laws…. ) Passing down School education Sustainable Living Protect ancestral domain Livelihood Opportunities Skills training Strengthening cooperatives Future Industry Tribal village & Eco-tourism

the Roles Assigned to the 3 Sites Three sites combined as a whole community Basic works as follows: • Establishing community organization • Documentation of Ilongot traditions • Practicing festivals and skills • Establishing funds system • Protected areas • Training traditional skills Site 2 TALUMAYEN Site 1 BUKNOAN • New settlement • Traditional style livelihood • Infrastructures Original site BAYANIHAN • Center of community organization

3. Cases from Taiwan We hope these successful experience from the community empowering process can contribute to this project. (including cultural work, industrial development, and construction, . . . etc. )

Native Dwellers in Taiwan Smangus Thao Bunun • Austronesian people. • Majority of them were distributed over and living on the mountain areas, now some of them have been moving to urban areas gradually. • Total population is around 494, 107. (2. 1%) • Most of them face economic and social barriers. Katatipul

Culture- oriented Developing Process Cultural plaza Documentation Experiencing tour Ceremony 3. To advertise itself Gathering 4. To develop into industry 2. To organize and generate actual program 1. Conforming a consensus 3. To seek external resources Dancing

Industry- oriented Developing Process 1. To improve the livelihood Church organizations 2. To organize and generate to actual program Organization: management & leader 3. Family support & helping minority Social welfare & assistance The value of share Funding Using local resources tourism handicrafts agriculture Long Term Protecting the environment Short Term Acquiring the source of main income

Bunun Tribe Background Opportunity for development Tribal internal job opportunities become fewer Tribal Youth return to provide social welfare and educationrelated services Development goal Main works Using traditional Renew the life value to to community develop tribal industries Difficulties • Tourismoriented • Losing the original face of tribal tradition Village coffee shop Weaving Entrance image Traditional activities Hand-made products

Tribal Sculpture Weaving Dancing Sculpture

Katatipul Tribe Background The loss of traditional culture Opportunity for development Development goal The youngsters of the tribe make the first step to recall traditions • Culture recalling • possibility of new industry Main works Difficulties Recording traditional life style and rebuilding it • Tourismoriented • There are totally different opinions from residents The process of reconstruction in cultural plaza Traditional clothing Management center

Entrance image Utensils The elder Utensils Showcase Food Handicraft Tourism Strive for resources from governance Cultural re-find Record the history and traditions Traditional relationship rebuild、 Ceremonies again training kids Rebuild the traditional structures and ancestor domain

Experiences from Taiwan Conclusion of the Case Study • Tribe’s crisis is also a turning point • The key point of tribe’s redevelopment relies on complete organization and inspiring leader • Viewing traditional culture as a cohesive forces • Possible problems of tribe’s development: ex. tourism-oriented Our recommendation • Community organization is the foundation for community empowerment • It takes a long time to develop a new industry, the preoccupation is currently to improve the old industries to increase its economic value • To make Ilongot culture become the focus of community development

4. Planning for the New Sites

Concept God Faith Master Plan Industry Exiting. Agriculture Handcraft Integration of Hardware & Software Space Culture New People. Custom Buildings Language Nature. Nursery Recovery Bayanihan Site 1 Buknoan Site 2 Talumayen Treat 3 Sites as a Whole

Connecting 3 Sites Bridge to Talumayen The Third Entrance --Green Tunnel The Second Entrance --Decorative Bridge Main Entrance

Buknoan Church Plaza (church, service center, market) Buffer Zone-1 Cut-off ditch and service area Residence area (housing) (with small open space for cottage) Cultural circle Bridge To Talumayen (Traditional house, open space, museum, education center) Managing spot Buffer Zone-2 River side (play, laundry, water supply) (No disposal, no structure) Entrance

The Church Plaza New Church Market Plaza Paving Community Service Center

65 200 M M Capacity of the Residential Area each Person has about 10 m 2 each Family has 5 people= 1 block each Household has 2~3 Families each Cluster has 5~6 Households 5~6 Clusters in Buknoan------about 90 Families in Buknoan 8 M 6 M 6 M*8 M=48 M 2 Buffer Zone 15 m The Public Block A Family A Household A Cluster. Buffer Zone 10 m street

Residential Area High heel The Public Block A Family A Household A Cluster Bayanihan! Integrated Blocks Soft Boundary Service Area

Possible Usage of the Public Block Playground Vendors Family Meeting Recycle Recreation Rest & Relax Chores

The Cultural Circle Office & Tourists` center Traditional Houses Central Plaza

Usage of the Buffer Zone Revetment Storage Working Recreation Livestock View Rest

Talumayen shed picnic playing hiking

Talumaye n ．Ancestors` Domain ．Conservation for Nature ．Field for Activities (Hunting, Farming) Better Connection Publicity Buknoan ．New Settlement ．New Church & Market ．Field for Ilongot Cultur Dwelling Cultural Affairs Better Road & Bridge Bayanihan ．Original Settlement ．Barangay Office ．Schools & Medical Office

Construction Process

THANKS