Planning and Implementation of Sustainable Sanitation in Peri/Semi. Urban Settings A Need for Development of Existing Tools?
About CREPA and advocacy works Regional Centre for low cost Water Supply and Sanitation
Ecosan_EU project facing urban realities Planning for Ecological Sanitation program for low income countries : Ouagadougou project Dr Amah KLUTSE
CREPA Bénin Guinée Conakry Mali Burundi Burkina Faso Niger Cameroun Centrafrique Côte d’Ivoire Gabon Mauritanie Rwanda Sénégal Tchad Togo Congo Guinée Bissau
CREPA ECOSAN Program mostly in rural municipalities/villages
ECOSAN in urban setting = big challenge
Ecosan Project in peri-urban and urban area n Establish an effective chain for collection, transport, treatment and reuse
First big urban ECOSAN project in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 4 sectors targeted
Ecosan EU project : Joint initiative for urban area • Target groups: Households, Farmers, Artisans, Associations, private sectors, in 4 areas in Ouagadougou (sector 17, 19, 27, 30) • Partenaires techniques: CREPA, GTZ, ONEA. Involvement of the municipalities in the implementation phase. • Duration: 3 years (2006 – 2009) • Co-financed by: EU, CREPA and GTZ Budget: 1. 497. 120 euros
Ecosan_UE project Objectives and main activities 300 000 people understand ECOSAN Provide toilets facilities to the households and some public sites (1000 toilets); Put in place appropriate system that allows excreta collection /transport and safe reuse Support and promote the involvement of the local private sector in furnishing the infrastructure and if necessary the logistic services required by the system. Carry out awareness and lobby work to create an enabling environment for ecological sanitation and to ensure its inclusion in legislation ;
The project in action What so far? … Provide toilets facilities to the households; Put in place appropriate system that allows excreta collection /transport and safe reuse Challenges How to ensure that we are doing sustainable sanitation… not only to provide toilets but a whole sanitation system that ends up with the reuse… System which respond to the priorities and the need of the target group…
The project in action What so far? … How to involve local communities to take over the services provision: authorities are busy to do politic? Which PPP options are adequate to better involve local private sector? How to create business in sanitation? Challenges Support and promote the involvement of the local private sector in furnishing the infrastructure and if necessary the logistic services required by the system.
The project in action What so far? … Carry out awareness and lobby work to create an enabling environment for ecological sanitation and to ensure its inclusion in legislation ; Challenges How to make people (authorities and population) know what we are talking about? How to bring them to our school, in our world? How to involve them in discussion about this forgotten sanitation issue? How to help politician making right decisions about the issue?
The project in action The process …
Projet ecosan_UE Implementation approach Involve targets groups and authorities … HCES approach
DG CREPA Représentant GTZ DG ONEA Commission Européenne Comité d’Orientation Comité de pilotage Bailleur de de Bailleur fonds Grandes orientations/ Prise en compte des résultats du projet dans les stratégies nationales. Compte rendu Membres Résultats Actions du projet Mairie ville de Ouagadougou AMBF DG de l’Urbanisme DGRE/DAEPA DGAEP DG des Services d’Hygiène DG de l’Agriculture Végétale la Production Coordination du Projet D. Assainissement et Prévention des pollution et nuisances. Compte Rendu Feedback Actions d’accompagnemen t suivi et alliances d’apprentissage. Collaboration Actions de mise en œuvre du projet. R 1 R 2 R 4 Equipe de Projet CREPA / GTZ / ONEA Hommes relais (R) Comités Directeurs (C Comités Directeurs Pouvoirs locaux CD 1 CD 2 CD 3 Interaction et feedback Collaboration dans la mise œuvre des actions Mise en œuvre des Actions R 3 Associations/Groupements des Femmes, Maraîchers, Artisans, PME, … Appui à la mise en œuvre des actions Bénéficiaires des actions (Ménages, Maraîchers, Artisans, PME) CD 4 Maries d’arrondisse d’arrondiss. Repésentants des as Services déconcentr niveau local Influence de la population
The project in action Components of local project teams…
First year: preparatory activities n n n Contact with local authorities and administrative in charge of sanitation ( individual meetings or at community level, ) Information to the population , demand formulation (presentation of the project, the process, and expectations) Dialogue meeting (with decision makers, etc)
First year: preparatory activities n n n Baseline study (+ validation in sectors) Strategic ECOSAN plan for the four sectors (+ validation in sector) Criteria for choice of the beneficiaries and conditions to have acces to facilities
The project in action Train the local star to reach the targets groups Identify local star (singers, awareness raising actors, …) and train them to convey the messages to the population and project target groups…
The project in action Public awareness putting local authorities in front. . Use the local formal ways of communication to inform the population about the sanitation problems and about the project approach and its planning processes …
The project in action Informing authorities and attributing them roles… Meetings with relevant authorities at their offices and at the municipal council, were the successful to convince them about the new sanitation approach and the project planning processes…
The project in action Developing capacities – empowering actors…
The project in action Organize an official launchevent for strong commitment Strong speeches from authorities at the Top can ensure the targets groups at the Bottom.
The project in action Bringing authorities and targets groups together for dialogue project piloting committee. . .
The project in action Collect reliable base line data for sustainable actions…
The project in action Validation and identification of priorities…
The project in action Participatory ECOSAN strategic plan development…
Second year: implement the system
Construction of infrastructures n n n Capacity building of stakeholders Mobilization of beneficiaries contribution Construction and quality assurance
Etats masons Training of localdes lieux des activités
Etats des lieux des activités
Demand for infrastructures Motivation: n Permanent n Cheaper (200 -400 $ compared to 400 -600 $ for VIP/pour flush promoted by ONEA) n Less problems during rainy period with pits filling up n For urban farmers, also reuse appeals Problem: POOR people very little money (especially with price-hikes)
Double vault toilet (cement bricks or adobe for superstructure)
Single vault toilet inside house or in garden
Cheaper model 1: Double vault toilet (all in adobe bricks)
Cheaper model 2: Single vault toilet adobe superstructure
Single vault toilet Storage of faeces bag on site
Capacity building of private enterprises • training of local contractor to construct the public Ecosan toilets and the site of sanitatization Séance des présentations Visite guidée
The project in action Inauguration of 1 st ecosan toilets in Ouagadougou. . .
• Now around 350 household toilets (since december 2007) Public toilets (loop closed on site): • Demo-toilets in the garden of the three city halls • Toilets in Ouaga prison • Toiltes in Ouaga forest reserve • Toilets in one school/sector under way
The project in action Collection/treatment/delivery…
The project in action High decentralization of the services provision to allow local private sector promotion…
The project in action Targets groups choices/ which materials…
Training of farmers and vegetable sellers
Support and capacity building to farmers MACO, Kit de matériel agricole remis
Participative assessment : case of courgette in sector 17 :
Participatory assessment : case of “choux” and onion in sector 19
Participatory assessment : case of tomato and cucumber in sector 30
Participatory assessment : case of melon in sector 30
Compaoré L. Frédéric, sector 30
Planning in the project Many stakeholders from different institutions involved…. First year: Translate the project document to concrete activities - project coordinator planned and brought together multi skilled teams for each activity to be carried out (retreats important to plan baseline study and then strategic plan) Second year: Participative planning (1 week retreat) with all stakeholders and formation of 7 task-teams
Planning in the project Teams second year • Social aspects/interactions with households • Technical • Private sector/CBO • Agro • Risk • Communication • Institution/coordination
Planning confronts reality… Price hike… Project parallell wih ONEA on-site program (confrontation between different facilitators) Dealing with hidden interests of local authorities…
Some hot points to deal with year three…. n n n n Partnership between municipality and the private sector… Economic sustainability of the collection/treatment system? Continuous sensitization … but who will support the cost after the project? Institutional set-up for sustainability Role of the politicians (municipalities leaders, team leaders, etc, …. . Legal framework Subsidies issues/integration of ECOSAN into ONEA’s sanitation program
Thanks for your attention
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