Physical Structure of GDB Geodatabase Feature datasets Spatial Reference Object classes, subtypes Features classes, subtypes Raster datasets Rasters Relationship classes Geometric networks Planar topologies TIN datasets nodes, edges, faces Domains Locators Addresses, X. Y location ZIP Codes, Place names Validation rules GIS Project 1
Finding Locations 1. Types of location data (4) n 2. 3. 4. Geography, KHU, Jinmu Choi X, Y locations, Addresses, Place names, Postal zones, and Route locations Location to Feature Classes (2) Address Location Conversion (6) Other Location Data Conversion (4) Summary and Next… GIS Project 2
Using Location n People track information based on some sort of reference to a geographic location n A store keeps records of customers n A police department keeps logs of crime incidents n n A department of transportation keeps track of road maintenance through a mileposting system Types of locations n X, Y coordinates, street addresses, postal codes, place names, route locations GIS Project 3
Types of Locations n X, Y coordinates n n n An environmental agency might create records of air quality readings For each reading, a coordinate can be collected with a GPS receiver Street address n Many databases contain addresses to keep track of customers and business locations GIS Project 4
Types of Locations (cont. ) n Postal codes n n n Database might contain postal codes such as ZIP code in the US Customer demographic data is aggregated on postal zones Place names n n People find their way by making reference to landmarks, such as government buildings, schools, and mountain peaks Tourist information in visiting center GIS Project 5
Types of Locations (cont. ) n Route locations n n n A department of transportation keeps extensive records of all aspects of a highway system Pavement quality Incidents of accidents GIS Project 6
Locators n n To convert a location to a known position on a map A combination of reference data and location method Location Data Reference Data Location Method X, Y Coordinates Def. of coordinate systems Coordinate transformation func. Addresses Street map with address range, street name, other attributes. Addresses to a position along the street segment Place name or Postal code Map with place names of postal codes as an attribute Simple match BTW input place name (code) and feature Route locations Street map with routes and a measurement system Method finding the input route & measure, and calculate the position of the input measure GIS Project 7
Input Data and Output Feature n Input data n n Location data is a table with one or more prescribed fields for the locations Output feature classes n The result of locator is a new feature class (points, lines or polygons) GIS Project 8
Address to Point Feature n n Single most common form of geographic information: address All businesses and governments keep track of people directly or indirectly through their addresses GIS Project 9
Matching Addresses to Streets n Reference data n n n A set of lines representing street segments between intersections Each line has street name and address range Components of address (Location Data) n n n Address: progressive numbering of houses Prefix direction: a direction in reference to a local center of addressing: “West main street” Street name: “Main” Street type: “Highway 27” Suffix directions: “NW” or “SE” Left and right postal zones GIS Project 10
Types of Street Data n With left and right address ranges n n n With single address ranges n n U. S street data: Odd for one side of a street and even for the other side Placing address correctly along a street Address range for each street segment Errors: incomplete addresses, misspelled street names, or house numbers out of range GIS Project 11
Finding Places: by Linking Addresses n n Connect address table to place name table Then, matching addresses GIS Project 12
Finding Street Intersection n n To add street intersection to an address table Define and use a set of valid connector n n n “AND” “&” “/” “at” Others Not used for street names GIS Project 13
Finding Building Addresses n Point or polygon buildings with address fields n n Points are created from point buildings Polygons are created from polygon buildings GIS Project 14
Location to Point Feature n n Converting (x, y) value table to a new point feature class Locator need a coordinate system of input data and a reference system of output feature class GIS Project 15
Place Name to Feature Class n Connect place name table to reference feature class (point or polygon) with place name column GIS Project 16
Postal Zone (Code) to Feature n n Five digit prefix for an area (polygon feature) Five digit + four digit extension for individual addresses (point) GIS Project 17
Route Location to Feature n Route location n Point along a route: route ID, single measure value Segment along a route: route ID, two measure values Reference: line feature class: route IDs, measures GIS Project 18
Summary n n Types of Location Data n X, Y locations, Addresses, Place names, Postal zones, Route locations Conversion Location to Feature classes n Addresses n n n Linking address, intersections, building addresses X, Y locations: coordinate transformation Place names uses place name table Postal zones: 5 digit for area, 5 -4 digit for point Route locations: route IDs, measure values GIS Project 19
Next… n n Project Presentation Final Exam n Due for Term Project GIS Project 20
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