Phrasal Verbs 3 types. Type 1 Verbs with

Phrasal Verbs 3 types

Type 1 Verbs with dependant prepositions (it is grammatically necessary) The programmes has to be aimed at their age group 2. One in five modern children suffers from anxiety.

Type 2 The verb and particle together have a new meaning which cannot be guessed from their 2 separate meanings Children may become frustrated and give up smoking. 2. We were asked to work out if we were morning or evening types.

Type 3 The verb keeps its normal basic meaning, but the particle adds or modifies it. People who lie around in bed in the morning are more intelligent. This sense of failure eats away at their self-esteem.

Meaning of the particles Preposition up on out Down off MEANING completely continuation to different people / loudly / publicly becoming less / onto paper To another place EXAMPLES lock up, drink up, tidy up, eat up work on, carry on hand out, share out, send out speak out, shout out, call out slow down, calm down write down, take down, note down drive off, run off

Passive Voice is formed TO BE + V3

Present Simple Present Cont. Past Simple Past Cont. Future Simple Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect Present Infinitive Present Gerund Perfect Infinitive Perfect Gerund is served is being served was served was being served will be served has been served had been served will have been served to be served being served to have been served having been served Pass i ve FORMATION TO SERVE

ARE NOT NORMALLY USED IN THE PASSIVE Present Perfect Cont. Passive Future Cont. Passive Past Perfect Cont. Passive

Usage When the agent is unknown, unimportant, obvious When we are interested more in the action than in the agent To make statement more formal and polite To put emphasis on the agent (by/with)

Transitive / Intransitive Transitive takes an object Give Take Write open Intransitive doesn’t take an object Happen Sleep Come Go seem

What’s the difference? People believe that he is a liar He is believed to be a liar It is believed that he is a liar

Passive constructions Get/have smth. Done It needs doing