Personnel Location and Tracking Needs Requirements and Technologies

Personnel Location and Tracking: Needs, Requirements, and Technologies TCIP 2008 October 29 -30, 2008 Jalal Mapar Program Manager Infrastructure & Geophysical Division Science and Technology Directorate Oct 29, 2008

DHS S&T Directorate U/S for Science and Technology Director of Research Director of Transition Director of Innovation (Innovation) Explosives Sec Dir Research Sec Dir Transition Chem/Bio Sec Dir Research Sec Dir Transition Command, Control & Interoperability Sec Dir Research Sec Dir Transition Borders/ Maritime Sec Dir Research Sec Dir Transition Human Factors Sec Dir Research Sec Dir Transition Infrastructure/ Geophysical Sec Dir Research Sec Dir Transition (Applications) (Research) 2

Infrastructure and Geophysical Division Objectives Develop capabilities to identify and mitigate the vulnerabilities of the 17 critical infrastructure and improve the ability of the Nation to prepare for, respond to, and recover from all-hazards emergencies to keep our society and economy functioning Program Elements w. Critical Infrastructure Protection w. Preparedness & Response w. Geophysical 3

Preparedness & Response Objectives w Enhance first responders ability to prepare for, respond to and recover from all-hazards emergencies through development and deployment of enabling technologies Customer w. DHS/FEMA (primary), and others (CBP, CG, TSA, …) End-User w 44, 000 Emergency Response Organizations w 18, 000 Law Enforcement Agencies w 30, 000 Fire Departments w 83, 000 State/Local Governments 4

DHS Requirements/Capability Capstone IPTs DHS S&T Product – “Enabling Homeland Capabilities” (EHCs) Information Sharing/Mgmt Border Security OIA CBP/ICE Acquisition C 2 I Borders/Maritime Acquisition Chem/Bio Inspector/Agents Maritime Security Cyber Security Acquisition Borders/ Maritime Infrastructure Protection SCO/CIS IP Human Factors Acquisition CBP Acquisition/ Explosives Policy Infrastructure/ Geophysical/C 2 I Infrastructure Owners/Operators People Screening Cargo Security TSA/USSS Acquisition Guardsmen Policy Explosive Prevention CS&C USCG US VISIT/TSA CMO/IP Acquisition OOC Acquisition Chem/Bio Defense Agents Officers/Industry Incident Management Interoperability Prep & Response FEMA/OEC Infrastructure/ Geophysical Infrastructure Owners/Operators Borders/ Maritime Acquisition FEMA C 2 I First Responders Acquisition Infrastructure/ Geophysical First Responders 5

High Priority Technology Needs 6

Responder Technologies • Location Tracking System – Provide real-time location positioning and monitoring of first responders • Physiological Health Monitoring – Provide real-time health status of first responders to Responders and Incident Commanders Critical Technologies to Provide Situational Awareness and Save Lives

Locate 1 st Responders in X, Y, and Z “The Inter Agency Board, a working group of first responders that identifies and approves technologies for use by police, fire and ambulance services, has listed the development of a 3 -D tracking system as one of its top research priorities … Commanders want icons on a screen showing them where all their personnel are, especially while they’re inside buildings … “ Chief Bob Ingram, FDNY and IAB Chairman National Defense Magazine, March 2008 http: //www. nationaldefensemagazine. org/issues/2008/March/Tracking. htm

Capability to Requirements REQUIREMENTS • Capability Need – Allow emergency managers, including fire chiefs and other incident commanders, to rapidly and effectively deploy and re-deploy their forces or understand respond to the consequences of potential threats to their forces – Accurately locate and track incident responders in X-Y-Z • Targeted situation areas – Inside of threatened buildings – Collapsed buildings – Subterranean facilities or underground • Specify the location of its host in three dimensions within 6 meters (3 meters desired) • *Assume building is not instrumented* • Function in the extreme operational environments encountered by emergency responders • Incident life of 2 hours or longer (4 hours desired) • Include a distress button and indicator of non-movement • Wirelessly transmit inside or outside of structures and through rubble to an off-site incident command post, on-site incident command posts, emergency responders • Self-initializing, calibrating, adjusting, and with diagnostic capabilities to ensure speed and reliability • Resistant to potentially damaging electrical charge, protected from potentially dangerous gases, impact resistant, and waterproof • Operate outside all buildings and inside of almost all buildings, no matter their structural state and environmental conditions • Primary incident command posts should be able to monitor the status of the locator and its host from a radial distance from 30 meters to 100 meters (per relay) • Base station is a combination of additional communications equipment and the laptop/portable computer and required software. • Base station software must be able to display location and identification of personnel. • Base station software must be able to link the unique identifier of the locator to a specific individual • Base station must include visualization tools to allow incident commanders and site personnel to easily interpret incoming displayed information • And many more …

Prototype Unit

Future Enhancements • System robustness • Improved accuracy • Form/Fit/Function • Ranging • Cost reduction • T&E with large groups of 1 st Responders – Current plan: NY (Aug), Seattle (Sep), Cincinnati (Aug), Chicago (Aug) • Algorithms, SW • Network, bandwidth • Integration of new components Planned FY 09 Program

Panel Members • Peter Small – PM, National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology, DOJ • Ed Dadosky – District Chief, Cincinnati Fire Department • Paul Olson – Chief Engineer, CERDEC/C 2 D, Do. D • David Cyganski – Professor, WPI