Personality in Organizations: Kazakhstan Perspective Zhanibek Zhanar Saule Madina Filadelfiya
Personality matters? Composed of people § People at heart of all processes and thus drive organizations Person-task § Personality defines how a person approaches his job Effectiveness Organization al life-cycle 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. § Selecting, recruiting, and retaining talent Motivation Leadership Strategy Systems to monitor From Visionary, charismatic entrepreneurs To Bureaucrats
Personality Traits § Characteristic way in which an individual perceives feels, believes, or acts § Stable set of characteristics and tendencies that determine commonalities and differences in the psychological behavior (thoughts, feelings and actions) § Each theory of personality is based on the assumption that people are each unique
Carl Jung and the Myers-Briggs § Carl Jung – a colleague of Sigmund Freud § Introduced one of the earliest trait theories & one of the main concepts in personality studies in future § One aspect of the traits theory - traits are inborn § Inborn, genetically determined traits temperaments § Myers and Briggs § Personality test based on Jung's temperaments called the Myers-Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI)
Myers-Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI) § Introversion vs. § Extraversion § Sensing vs. § Intuiting § Thinking vs. § Feeling § Judging vs. § Perceiving
Hans Eysenck § The first psychologist to make trait/temperament theories into something more mathematical – Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) § Used a special statistics called factor analysis to figure out what factors - trait dimensions carry the most weight § Instead of making these traits either or, like Jung did, he saw them as dimensions, giving each a score § You could be halfway in-between, as in fact most people are
The Big Five Personality Traits
Person & Traits Theories Advantages §Objectivity §Simplicity of understanding and easy to apply §Good predictor §Hiring Process §Career Assessment Limitations § Self-Assessment Validity § Future Behavior Predictions § Change and Development
Practical guideline for the managers § § Self-esteem Socialization Attitude Efforts to Increase Job Satisfaction
GLOBE: Kazakhstan High-score Low-score § Assertiveness § Future Orientation § Gender Egalitarianism § Performance Orientation § In-group Collectivism § Uncertainty Avoidance Middle-score § Power Distance § Institutional Collectivism § Humane Orientation
Application in Kazakhstan Real Estate/ Legal Construction 3% Administration 3% 6% Survey Profile Consulting 3% § 35 respondents § 7 different industries § favorable distribution of industries § high reliance on human resource Managerial Position Industry 11% Accounting/ Banking/ Finance 44% Education 31% Years of managerial experience Number of direct subordinates 20 20 and more 16 Lower level 31% from 10 to 20 12 Top level 61% Middle level 8% from 5 to 10 8 from 3 to 5 4 from 1 to 3 0 0 5 10 15 from 1 to 5 from 5 to 10 from 10 to from 15 to 20 and more 15 20
Application in Kazakhstan Personality evaluation metrics Personalityperformance relationship Don’t apply 8% Systematic approache s 32% § Intuitive evaluation metrics consistent with managers’ background 8% Personal evaluation criteria 60% 14% 78% Respondents’ educational background in management no educational background in management Personality is a critical performance factor To a certain extent personality affects performance Personality is not critical read management books attended management seminars/workshops attended management courses degree in management 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Familiarity with Personality and Traits theories Not familiar Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Jung's Model Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Big Five Model (OCEAN) 0 5 10 Usage of personality evaluation 15 in particular situations 4% 22% 20 25 Personality assessment in overall evaluation of employee 15% 20% 53% When making hiring/dismissal decision When assigning a task When considering a promotion/demotion I usually don’t take personal characteristics into account 65% I consider personality in first place Personal characteristics are one of top 5 important factors to consider I consider personal characteristics after other factors
Decision of application of Personality & Trait theories No 18% Yes 48% Maybe 33%
Recommendations Disadvantages § No culture for practicing management theories § Low familiarity with Personality and Traits theories § How to motivate/educate managers to use theories? § Incorrect implementation of theories Advantages § Relationship oriented country § Personality factor is important § Use in task assigning, hiring/dismissal, promotion/demotion decisions § Theories are simple to understand implements § Managers possess adequate educational background in management Use Big Five Model for hiring MBTI for assigning/promoting
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