Periods of customs
The period of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich • In 1667 was accepted Novotorgovy charter. • Rules of customs control was viewed primarily as a means of promotion and development of domestic production and replenish the treasury, and not to regulate foreign trade.
The period of Peter the Great Customs legislation of Russia played an important role in the improvement of customs clearance of goods.
The period of free trade (XIX) • Customs examination is an important document. • First, it confirms the passage of goods across the border. • Second, the customs findings detail the goods received by the Customs, and is a document by which the customs duty is charged. • In 1988 was introduced customs declaration.
Soviet period • The Customs Code of the USSR, was adopted In 1991. • It made a great contribution to the development of the national customs legislation. • Individual terms, the definitions contained in it, would be more accurate than those that result in the Customs Code in 1993
It is on the border began to apply the tools of economic policy, called the tariff. For a long time it was the customs tariff. That it was practiced tariff practices and technology in virtually all countries. Home Products feature - the completion of the state budget to allow the State to build the future in mind, counting on our own strength, and not on the international situation.
The modern global economy excludes non-economic coercion countries. More characteristic is the growing financial interest in permanent economic cooperation between the countries. In recent decades, formed a new global marketplace. National economies are no longer sent to the disengagement and poverty, and the integration and association. As an example of such integration can serve the European Union.
In general, international experience suggests that foreign trade regulation, the implementation of measures to liberalize or protection policies can not be built in isolation from the state of the economy, all the problems of its economic development and criteria of economic security. All foreign countries in some way combine liberal and protectionist measures in accordance with the specific objectives of economic development.
Federal Customs Service The Federal Customs Service is the federal executive authority which is carrying out according to the legislation of the Russian Federation functions on control and supervision in the field of customs business, and also function of the agent of currency control and special functions on fight against smuggling, other crimes and administrative offenses.
Regional customs offices The regional customs office (MOUTH) is the customs office entering into uniform federal centralized system of customs offices of the Russian Federation and providing realization of tasks and FTS functions of Russia in the region of activity to the MOUTH within competence.
Customs The customs is the customs office entering into uniform federal centralized system of customs offices of the Russian Federation and providing realization of tasks and FTS functions of Russia in the region of activity of customs within competence.
Customs posts The customs post carries out the activity under the direct management of customs or regional customs office in case of direct submission to management.
Functions of customs authorities The Analysis of the long and complex process of formation and development of the Customs Service of Russia on the various stages of its development is necessary to better understanding of the current state, development of Russian customs and basic functions of the customs authorities at the moment.
On July 1, 2011 was finally formed the Customs Union of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan in a single customs territory, within which no customs duties and economic limitations, except special protective, antidumping and countervailing measures. According to the Customs Code of the Customs Union, the customs authorities have changed their functions that have been assigned in the Customs Code of the Russian Federation.
The Customs Code of the Customs Union provides a comprehensive list of functions of customs authorities at present. On the customs territory of the Customs Union the customs authorities provide the following main rules: 1) to facilitate the implementation of a common trade policy of the customs union; 2) enforcement of the customs legislation of the customs union and other laws of the states - members of the customs union, control over the execution of the laws by the customs authorities; 3) the improvement of customs operations and customs control, including mutual administrative assistance and ect.
System of Government President of The Russian Federation is a Presidential (or a constitutional) republic. The President is the head of the state and is elected directly by the people. In fact he has much power, he controls all the three branches of power. The President can even dissolve the Duma if he doesn't agree with his suggestions three times running. The President has his administration, but it's not part of the Federal Government. The President is involved in the work of the legislative and executive branches.
The Federal Assembly represents the Legislative branch of power. It's made up of the two houses: the Federation Council and the State Duma, which make laws. The Federal Assembly is also called the Parlament, but it's not its official name. Both chambers are headed by chairmen sometimes called speakers. The Duma consists of 450 deputies (one half is elected personally by the population, and the other half consists of the deputies who are appointed by their parties after voting).
The role of customs in the public administration Customs are public authorities, through which the import into and export from its territory of exported and imported goods, baggage, mail and other goods. Customs determines the boundaries of the State Customs Committee, he also provides for the establishment and liquidation
Head of the system of customs bodies of the State Customs Committee, which is headed by the President, who is appointed and dismissed by the President of Russia.