Period 1 1 2 3 4 Geography of

Period 1 1. 2. 3. 4. Geography of Australia Location and Size Geographic regions Climate Major Cities 小飞守角制作

National flag 小飞守角制作

National emblem Kangaroo, emu(鸸鹋) emu kangaroo 小飞守角制作

National Flower: sweet acacia (金合欢) 小飞守角制作

National animal: Koala (no drink) 树袋熊又叫考拉、无尾熊、可拉熊 鸭嘴兽 Duckbill /platypus 袋鼠Kangaroo 小飞守角制作

Period 1 1. • • Geography of Australia Location and Size established in 1901, mainland Australia and Tasmania, entire continent and its outlying islands; Southern Hemisphere, between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean; surrounded by sea on all sides: the Pacific Ocean (east), the Indian Ocean (west), the Arafura Sea (north), the Southern Indian Ocean (south); 7. 7 msq, the 6 th largest (Russia, Canada, China, the U. S. , Brazil); 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia 2. Geographic Regions • one of the oldest continents, the flattest landmass (250 million years of erosion) • 3 geographic regions: the Eastern Highlands, the Central-Eastern Lowlands, the Western Plateau; • Rainfall (northern and southwestern Australia), the central region is covered with desert (the Great Sandy Desert, the Gibson Desert, the Great Victoria Desert); 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia 1) • Characters of the Eastern Highlands: sandy beaches and rocky cliffs; • Mount Kosciuszko (科修斯科山) (the highest point of elevation in Australia, 2, 228 meters); • Known as the Great Dividing Range (the drainage basin , Pacific Ocean, Murray-Darling Basin) • More rainfall on the eastern coastal plain (the most heavily populated, the southeastern). 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia 2) Characters of the Central-Eastern Lowlands: • Southwest of the Eastern Highlands (the Gulf of Carpentaria, the Great Artesian Basin, the flattest and lowest point— 152 meters); • At Lake Eyre (the lowest point— 12 meters); • The Great Artesian Basin (the largest geographical formation, 20% of the continental landmass); • The Murray River (the second longest river in Australia , 2, 590 Km); • Riverbed are too dry or too hot for farming ( a small population). 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia 3) Characters of the Western Plateau: • an extensive region; • average elevation is around 300 to 450 meters, higher than elsewhere; • the terrain is flat and expansive; 3. Climate Varies from region to region： • the tropical area of the north (2 seasons): hot , wet period with rains (Feb. March); warm, dry interval. 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia • the south (4 seasons) cool winters, warm summers; the hottest summer Jan. and Feb； the coldest winter June and July; • the coldest area: the highlands， plateaus of Tasmania ，the southeastern portion; 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia • “the Dry Continent” (low rainfall): 1) the central and western region， annual rainfall is less than 250 millimeters; 2) Lake Eyre in the South Australia, around 100 millimeters; 3) the eastern coast of Queensland , 4, 300 millimeters, the wettest climate; • the worst drought 1895 to 1903 ; nine severe droughts since 1788; 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia 4. Major Cities (60%) Sydney, Melbourne(墨尔本)， Brisbane(布里斯班)， Adelaide(阿德雷德), Canberra(堪培拉) Perth(佩斯)， Darwin(达尔文), Canberra • the capital city, • between Sydney and Melbourne, • “meeting place”(Aboriginal language); 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia Sydney • capital city of New South Wales; • largest and oldest city; • 4. 2 million population (suburbs); • diverse ethnic mix; • a great deal of historic sites (wildlife parks, great beaches, waterways , national parks); • a major economic, cultural, administrative center. Melbourne • capital city of Victoria; • second largest city; 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia Brisbane • capital of Queensland, southeast of the province; • 1. 8 million population; • the third largest city, about one hour’s drive from the Gold Coast; Perth • capital of Western Australia; • 1. 5 million population; • the fourth largest city; • the largest city in Western Australia. 小飞守角制作

Period 1 Geography of Australia Adelaide • the fifth largest city； • capital of South Australia; Darwin • capital of the Northern Territory； • the only large city in northern Australia. 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 1. Early History 2. Discovery and Exploration 3. European Settlement 4. Colonization 5. The Road Toward Federation 6. Australia in the 20 th Century 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 1. Early History 1) aborigines 50, 000 years ago, southeast Asia; 2) life nomadic or semi-nomadic; 3) 3 major regions northern coast, southeast and tasmania; 4) hunter-gathers the dingo; firestick farming; 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 5) Aboriginal Dreamtime origines and culture of the land its people; sacred: land, plants, animals; special ceremonies: revere totem 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 2. Discovery and Exploration 1) 1606 Willem Janszoon (Dutch navigator), Cape York Peninsula (约克角半岛), first documented; 2) 17 th the Dutch, western and northern coastlines, New Holland; 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 3) 1642 Abel Tasman (the Dutch), successful, southern Australia, island Tasmania; 4) 1770 James Cook (English captain), eastern Australia, New South Wales; 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 3. European Settlement Late 18 th –early 19 th, Britain Industrial Revolution; • May, 1787 the First Fleet of 11 ships, Captain Arthur Phillip; • Jan. 18, 1788 reached Botany Bay, 1, 500 people, 736 (convicts); • Jan. 26, 1788 Sydney (Australia Day), first permanent colony--New South Wales • Captain John Macarthur • founder of the Australia wool industry, breed fine merino(美利奴细羊毛)， most important industry; 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 4. Colonization • 6 colonies New South Wales, Tasmania, Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and Queenland; • 1850 s discovery of gold, Britain, Ireland, continental Europeans, North Americans, Chinese; rapid development • great economic expansion gold rush—economic and population; railroad, telecommunication and ship transportation 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 5. The Road Toward Federation • 1847 Earl Grey, proposed the idea of federation; • 1880 s various concerns served to keep the idea unification alive; • 1885 the Federal Council formed; 2 Federal referenda 1898, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania; 1899, New South Wales and Queensland voted ; 1900, Western Australia; 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 6. Australia in the 20 th Century 1) 1901 self-governing dominion; the commonwealth of Australia; Immigration Restriction Act : White Australia Policy; 2) 1900 -1914 great progress: agricultural and manufacturing; governmental institutions and social services; 3) World War I • Australia followed Britain into war; disaster, no conscription • Australian-New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC). ANZAC Day (April 25); • Benefits from the war; agriculture and mining; 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 4) Feb, 1923 Prime Minister, Stanley Bruce, all-time high in 1928; men (immigrants), money (borrow), market (imperial preference) 5) 1930 s, Great Depression • external factor wool and wheat prices collapse, loans stop; • internal factor recession and drought; • secessionist movement • Joseph Lyons formed the United Australia Party; 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 6) World War II • Australia followed Britain to war; • Pacific War: first foreign policy Singapore (fell), the U. S (protect, Japanese, the Battle of the Coral Sea); • boom period • Snowy Mountains Scheme (hydroelectric) • Social security nets, communications • 1956, Olympic Games: Melbourne 7) 1960 s , change • postwar generation — baby boomers; • campaign against the White Australia Policy; • 1967, Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders; 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 8) 1951: ANZUS Treaty 9) 1972，Liberal and Country Parties , end coalition; 10) 1972, Gough Whitlam , Prime Minister of the Labor Party established formal diplomatic relation with China; abolished the death penalty for federal crimes; reduced the voting age to 18 years; abolished the last vestiges of the White Australia Policy; tried to pursue a more independent foreign policy , esp with the US); 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 11) 1983 -1996, unprecedented economic reforms (Bob Hawke and Paul Keating): • deregulate the financial and labor market; • reduce the tariffs; • privated state-owned enterprises ; • regulate salaries, supply and demand; 12) since 1996, the Howard government attempted to reduce the government deficit: • accelerated the pace of privatization; • foreign relations with 4 key countries: the US, Japan, China and Indonesia; • emphasized , a part of Asia; • strong support for the US; 小飞守角制作

Period 2 History of Australia 13) Nov, 1999, a public referendum: • republic , existing system; 14) 2000 Sydney Olympic Games and the Sydney Paralympic Games; 15) sep. 11, 2001, terrorist attack, invoked the ANZUS Treaty for the first time; 小飞守角制作

True or False: 1. In terms of landmass, Australia is the 6 th largest country in the world. 2. The name “sydney” means “meeting place” in the Aboriginal language. 3. The first documented European expedition to Australia was made by Abel Tasman. 4. Australia Day is on January 26; 5. There was a period of great economic expansion in Australia in the 1850 s following the gold rush. 6. Australia suffered a great depression in the end of the 19 th century; 7. The purpose of the Immigration Restriction Act in 1901 is to restrict European immigrant numbers. 小飞守角制作

8. In World War I, all members of the Australian armed forces who served overseas were volunters. 9. The economy in Australia developed rapidly by means of the policy “men, money and markets” in the 1920 s. 10. It was Britain that helped protect Australia from the Japanese in the Battle of the Coral Sea during World War II. Choose the best answer. 1. ___ is the lowest point in Australia. A. Lake Eyre B. The Great Artesian Basin C. Mount Kosciusko D. The Great Dividing Range 小飞守角制作

2. ___ is Australia’s capital. A. Sydney B. Melbourne C. Brisbane D. Canberra 3. Britain’s first permanent colony was founded in ___. A. 1606 B. 1770 C. 1787 D. 1788 4. The Commomwealth of Australia was established in ___. A. 1847 B. 1885 C. 1900 D. 1901 5. ___ tried twice to introduce conscription but failed both times during World War I. A. Joseph Lyons B. William Hughes C. Gough Whitlam D. Stanley Bruce 小飞守角制作

6. The first time that Australia developed a foreign policy independent of Britain was ____. A. after the establishment of the commonwealth of Australia B. during the Great Depression of the 1930 s C. during the Pacific war in World War II D. after World War II 7. The movement to gain recognition of Aboriginal rights was started in the ___. A. 1950 s B. 1960 s C. 1970 s D. 1980 s 8. Australia completely abolished the White Australia Policy during the government of ___. A. william Hughes B. Gough Whitlam C. Joseph Lyons D. Stanley Bruce 小飞守角制作

9. The following were all aspects of the economic reforms which took place between 1983 and 1996 except___. A. enlarging the scale of the mining industry B. deregulating the financial market C. reducing tariffs D. privatizing the financial market 10. The Howard government’s foreign policy was based on relations with 4 key countries, namely, ___. A. the US, Japan, Britain, China B. the US, Japan, China, Indonesia C. the US, Japan, Britain, Indonesia D. the US, Britain, China, Indonesia 小飞守角制作

III. Give brief answers. 1. What was life like for the early British arrivals? Life was extremely harsh for the British arrivals when they first came to Australia. Because few of them had experience in farming and trading, and they didn’t understand Australia’s seasons. So they had to depend heavily on ships from England for good and supplies. 2. Why did the 6 colonies want the country unified at the end of the 19 th century? They found that their separation of government and markets had restricted their development. They realized that they needed to pursue uniform immigration rules to keep the unwanted immigrants out. Moreover, they feared that mailland European countries would invade or colonize Australia. So they all wanted to have the country unified. 小飞守角制作

3. What is “ANZAC Day”? During World War I, the ANZAC took part in some of the bloodiest battles, leaving one of the glorious chapters in Australian history. The Australians were very pround of their bravery and indomitable spirit. Now April 25 is celebrated as “ANZAC Day” to honor all those Australians who died in military conflicts. 4. What was the aim of the economic reforms which took place between 1983 and 1996? The aim is to make market forces play a greater role in shaping a healthy national economy so that Australian industries would improve their efficiency and competitiveness. 小飞守角制作

5. For Australia, what were the similarities and differences between World War I and World War II? In terms of similiarities, Australia joined both wars following Britain, and had heavy casualties in both wars. Australia also gained some benefits from the wars as it experienced industrial and social development and prosperity after the wars. Australia also got some recognition for its role in the wars and contributions to the victory. In terms of differences, World War II struck Australia much closer to home than World War I. For example, Darwin was attacked by air raids on February 19, 1942, and in May and June, Japanese midget submarines attacked Sydney Harbor and Newcastle. 小飞守角制作

Answers of period 1&2 • 1 -5: T F F T T • 1 -5: A D D D B 6 -10: T F T T F 6 -10: C B B Answers of period 3&4 • 1 -5: F T F • 1 -5: D C B B C 6 -10: F T F F F 6 -10: D A C B C 小飞守角制作

Period 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Government of Australia The Legislature The Executive The Judiciary Political Parties Election 小飞守角制作

Period 3 Government of Australia • Australia is a constitutional monarchy, a federation and a parliamentary democracy; • the Governor General; • the British and North American models of liberal democracy; • three-tier system; • The Australia Constitution can be changed only by referendum ; 小飞守角制作

Period 3 Government of Australia • federal parliament and government responsible foreign relations and trade, defense and immigration; • states government and territories responsible for all matters not assigned to the Commonwealth; • The government is divided into 3 branches: the legislature, the executive and judiciary; 小飞守角制作

Period 3 Government of Australia 1. • The Legislature The Australia Parliament bicameral: King/Queen and two houses---the Senate, the House of Representative; 1) The Senate (Upper House) the Senators: 76, elected, system of proportional representation, 6 years; make laws, review, check on the government; 2) The House of Representatives (lower House) 150, 3 years, system of preferential voting; pass the new laws and determine the government; Prime Minister; 小飞守角制作

Period 3 Government of Australia 2. The Executive 1) the Governor General ; 2) Majesty’s representative; 3) 6 State Governors perform similar roles in their states; 4) TGG acts on the advice of the Federal Executive Council or Cabinet comprised of the senior ministers and the Prime Minister; 小飞守角制作

Period 3 Government of Australia 3. The Judiciary 1) Check the concentration of government power; 2) Includes 4 kinds of courts the High Court (superior court), the Federal Court, the Family Court, courts of 6 states and 2 territories; 3) Functions of the High Court: interpret and apply the law, decide cases of special federal significance, hear appeals from the federal, state and territory court; 小飞守角制作

Period 3 Government of Australia 4. Political Parties 1) 3 major parties: the Labor Party, the Liberal Party, the National Party; 2) Two-party system 3) The Labor Party the trade union and liberal groups, oldest party(1890 s); the only party …since 1901, in the past 100 years (33 years); in the 20 th, 3 traumatic splits (1917, 1931, 1955), keep out of office; 4) The Liberal Party urban business-related groups, young party (1944, Sir Robert Menzies); 5) The National Party stable party, 1922 (the Country Party), 1975(National Country Party), 1982(National Party), remained a solid bulwark in rural areas; 小飞守角制作

Period 3 Government of Australia 5. Election 1) One of the few countries that have compulsory voting; 2) All citizens, 18 years old; 3) Electoral laws, practices and systems vary greatly (the three-tier government); 4) General election is the most important (Prime Minister); 5) 3 electoral systems: simple majority system, preferential representation system, proportional representation system; 小飞守角制作

Period 4 I. • • • II. III. • • • Society of Australia People Population Multicultural Society Immigration into Australia Economy Education Elementary and secondary education Higher education Major universities 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia I. People 1. Population 1) 2) 2005, population is 20 million; British and Irish ancestry, the majority (70%) urban; 3) Aborigines, rural, 2/3 live in cities; 4) 53 rd (population). 2. Multicultural Society 200 countries international reputation for diversity and tolerance; multiculralism (1973). 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia 1) Diversity of population • A traditional country of immigration; • Diverse population indigenous people, British colonial past, extensive immigration; • Over half --Europe; • predominantly –Britain; Italy, Greece, Germany, Holland; • new trend from Asian (1/3) Chinese, Filipino, Vietnamese, Indian; 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia 2) Diversity of Language • 200 languages; • dominant language English, Italian, Greek , Arabic; • The greatest number after English Mandarin and Chinese dialects ; • Over 50 indigenous languages. 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia 3) Diversity of Religion • Major religion Christianity, Christian (68%); • Non- Christian religion Judaism, Hinduism (印度教)，Buddhism (佛教, 1. 9%), Islam (回教, 1. 5%); 3. Immigration into Australia • Immigration program global and no discrimination on racial or ethnic grounds; 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia • Emphasis on immigrants education or work skills that contribute to Australia’s economic growth; • Success of Application 1) ability to satisfy rigorous selection criteria: good health and good character; 2) other criteria: family reunion and humanitarian grounds. 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia II. Economy 1) High economic performance effective economic management and ongoing structural reform; 2) Major staple occupation food, sheep, cattle, grain; 3) Highly industrialized country • chief exports metals, minerals, coal, wool, beef, mutton, cereal, manufactured products; • leading imports Machinery, transportation, telecommunications equipment, computers and office machines, crude oil, petroleum products. 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia 4) be famous unique plant and animal specises 5) agricultural products 6) largest trading partners Japan, the U. S. , New Zealand, Korea, China, Britain, Singapore, Germany and Indonesia. 7) capital source the U. S. , Japan 8) Tourism • one of the largest and fastest –growing industries: natural environment, multicultural communities, food, wine, friendly people, weather, lifestyle; 小飞守角制作

Period 4 • • Society of Australia Main visitors British, Americans, New Zealanders, Japanese and Chinese; Main tourist attractions the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁), the Gold Coast, Uluru ( Ayers Rocks艾尔斯巨石), the Sydney Opera House, the Sydney Harbor Bridge. 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia the Great Barrier Reef • largest coral reef in the world; • more than 2000 Km, northeast coast; • one of the natural structures that can be seen from the moon; • home to many thousands of species of plants and animals; • 1. 6 million tourists each year; • activities: diving, fishing, glass-bottomed boat viewing, semi-submersible, educational trip. 小飞守角制作

the heart reef 小飞守角制作

The Great Barrier Reef 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia The Gold Coast • located in the southeast corner of Queensland; • 80 Km south of Brisbane; • each year has 245 days of fine weather, • daytime temperature is above 22℃ for 279 days a year; • a paradise during holiday; 小飞守角制作

The Gold Coast 小飞守角制作

The Gold Coast 小飞守角制作

The Gold Coast 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia Uluru • located in Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park in the south of the Northern Territory; • the largest monolith in the world ; • notable for appearing to change color as different light strikes it at different times of the day and year; • sacred place (aborigines, hollow underground and contains a powerful energy source); 小飞守角制作

Uluru 小飞守角制作

Uluru 小飞守角制作

Uluru 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia The Sydney Opera House • situated on Sydney Harbor, New South Wales; • designed by a Danish architect, Jorn Utzon; • one of the most recognizable images and famous performing arts venues in the world; • Australian icon (1973, formally opened by Queen Elizabeth II). 小飞守角制作

The Sydney Opera House 小飞守角制作

The Sydney Opera House 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia The Sydney Harbor Bridge • formally opend in 1932 (9, construction); • one of the longest one-bow bridges in the world; • connects the Sydney central business district with the North Shore commercial and residential areas; • focal point. 小飞守角制作

The Synday Harbor Bridge 小飞守角制作

The Synday Harbor Bridge 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia III. Education 5 stages preschool, primary school, secondary /high school, career and vocational training institutions, university and other tertiary institutions; Less importance outward discipline and memorizing; 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia Emphasis • self-discipline, • learning by discovery and by questioning, • encouraging student’s interest in and enthusiasm for learning 1. Elementary and Secondary Education • Kindergarter (preschool): 2 -6 years old; • Compulsory education: 6 -15 years (Tasmania is to 16) ; 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia Primary school: 5 -12 years old; Secondary school: • 12 or 13 – 17 or 18 years old • the first 4 years, students study a broad range of subjects • the last 2 years, students specialize in the subjects they prefer; • Take state examinations for university entrance; 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia 3) School of the air or correspondence school • the Australian Broadcasting Corporation • primary and early education programs for the isolated areas; • radio, television, video cassette recorders and computers; 2. Higher Education 1) Includes • universities, • vocational training institutions, • adult and community educational institutions; 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia 2) impressive Standard, design and diversity; 3) 36 universities, 2 private institutions the multicampus Australian Catholic University, Bond University; 4) specialized learning institutions Australian Film, Television and Radio School; the Australian Maritime College; the National Institute of Dramatic Arts; 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia 5) Government provides about 45% of the general funding , competitive research grants; 6) International reputation excellence in teaching and research; 3. Major University 1) The University of Sydney 1850, oldest; “Group of Eight”; one of the country’s largest and most prestigious; rank 35 th in the world and 3 rd… (2006); 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia 2) The University of Melbourne • 1853, the second largest; • among the top university, highly regarded in the fields of arts, humanities and biomedicine; • aims to consolidate its 3 core activities (research, learning and knowledge transfer); 小飞守角制作

Period 4 Society of Australia 3) The University of Adelaide • 1874, the 3 rd oldest; • reputation academic excellence, having produced a large number of Nobel laureates; • the first university in Australia--- admit women to academic courses; grant degrees in science ; 小飞守角制作

I. True or False: 1. Australia’s government system mainly reflects the British model of liberal democracy. 2. The party or group of parties with a majority in the House of Representatives forms the government in Australia. 3. The Australian Constitution can be changed either by government’s will or by referendum. 4. In Australia the King or Queen of Britain serves as the symbolic head of state. 5. The Australian Senate has more power than the House of Representatives to make laws. 6. For Australian citizens over the age of 16, it is compulsory to vote at election time. 小飞守角制作

7. The result of the general election will determine which party leader will become Prime Minister. 8. Preferential representation system is the only electoral system in Australia. 9. Multiculturalism in Australia advocates a multicultural society based on European and Asian ethnic backgrounds. 10. Since Australia has a vast cultivable area, it has become the world’s leading exporter of agricultural products. II. Chose the best answer. 1. Of the following, ___ is NOT among the three major Australian parties. 小飞守角制作

A. The Labor Party B. The National Party C. The Liberal Party D. The Australian Democrats 2. Australia ranks ___ in terms of population though it is the 6 th largest country in the world. A. 51 st B. 52 nd C. 53 rd D. 54 th 3. Australia try to attract immigrants from any country with ___. A. good family background B. good education or work skills C. high social status D. adequate work experience 4. Australia’s high economic performance is due to its ___ and ongoing structural reform. 小飞守角制作

A. open-up policy B. effective economic management C. historical development D. proper investment 5. Australia’s economy depends largely on ___. A. agriculture B. manufacturing C. foreign trade D. tourism 6. Australia is a leading supplier of ___ to international markets. A. hi-tech products B. agricultural products C. industrial products D. mineral resources 7. As an ideal place for investments, Australia’s foreign capital mainly comes from __. A. Japan and the US B. Britain and France C. Japan and South Koreal D. Germany and Switzerland 小飞守角制作

8. among the following tourist attractions, ___ can be seen from the moon. A. the Gold Coast B. Uluru C. the Great Barrier Reef D. the Sydney Opera House 9. ___ is/are mainly responsible for education in Australia. A. Federal government B. State government C. Territory assemblies D. Municipal government 10. Australian system of teaching and school discipline put emphasis on the following except___. A. learning by discovery and questioning B. self-discipline C. outward discipline D. encouraging student’s interest in learning 小飞守角制作

III. Give brief answers to the following questions. 1. What is the three-tier system of the Australian government? The three-tier system of the Australian government includes: the federal government at the nation level, government at state and territory level, and about 900 local governments at the city, town, municipal and shire level. 2. What is the chief function of the House of Representatives? The chief function of the House of Representatives is to consider and pass laws or change the existing laws. It is also involved in determining the government, publicizing government administration, representing the people, and controlling government expenditure. 小飞守角制作

3. Why is Australia a multicultural society? Most people in Australia are immigranted from other countries, such as Britain, China, the Philippines, among others. Due to the diversity of the population, the languages spoken in Australia varied greatly. For the same reason, the Australians hold different religious beliefs. Because of the diverse ethnic identities and cultures, Australia is indeed a multicultural society. 4. What’s the status of tourism in the economy of Australia? Tourism is one of Australia’s largest and fastestdeveloping industries. It employs 6% of the workforce and contributes more than 11% of Australia’s total export earning. 小飞守角制作

5. Why can Australia attract people from over 200 countries worldwide to make their home there? There are 2 main reasons that attract immigrants to Australia. One is the Australian immigration policy and tradition. Australia has a great international reputation for its diversity and tolerance. It accepts and respects the right of all people to express and share their individual cultural heritage. It emphasizes the equality of all people in the labor market and social life. The other is Australia’s good natural and living environment. 小飞守角制作

Thank you