Passive voice Presentation by Olga Tarasenko
Passive voice (The Passives) • Страдательный залог (Passive Voice) показывает, что подлежащее не выполняет действие, а подвергается действию со стороны другого лица или предмета. • Passive Voice образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени, лице, числе и Participle II смыслового глагола или V 3 глагола. • Если указано кем произведено действие, то употребляется предлог by. Если указано с помощью чего производится действие, то употребляется предлог with. • E. g. Radio was invented by Popov. • E. g. Rice is eaten with sticks in China.
Passive voice TO BE + Participle II ( причастие II ) or V 3 (3 форма глагола) repaired/written/ asked
Сводная таблица форм глагола в страдательном залоге ( TO BE + Participle II or V 3 asked/written ) Simple Progressive Perfect спрашивают Спросили обычно, всегда, каждый день сейчас, в данный момент, всё ещё уже, только что (результат) Present am is are asked am is being asked are вчера, когда-либо в прошлом was цere спросят, будет опрошен Future завтра will (shall) be asked be +V 3 has спросили, был спрошен когда я приехал к тому моменту, уже was being asked were asked been asked спрашивали спросили, был спрошен Past have вместо отсутствующей формы Future Progressive употребляется Future Simple be being +V 3 had been asked спросят, будет спрошен к определенному моменту в будущем will have been asked have been+ V 3
Сравнение действительного и страдательного залога (начало) Тип предложения Действительный залог Страдательный залог Present Simple Утвердительное I ask – Я спрашиваю Отрицательное I don’t ask - Я не спрашиваю Вопросительное Do I ask? - Я спрашиваю? I am asked – Меня спрашивают I am not asked – Меня не спрашивают Am I asked? - Меня спрашивают? Past Simple Утвердительное I asked – Я спрашивал Отрицательное I didn’t ask – Я не спрашивал I was asked – Меня спрашивали I was not asked – Меня не спрашивали Was I asked? - Меня спросили? Вопросительное Did I ask? - Я спрашивал? 5
Сравнение действительного и страдательного залога (продолжение) Тип предложения Действительный залог Страдательный залог Future Simple Утвердительное I will ask – Я спрошу. Отрицательное I will not ask – Я не спрошу. Вопросительное Will I ask? – Я спрошу? I will be asked – Меня спросят. I will not be asked – Меня не спросят Will I be asked? – Меня спросят? Present Perfect Утвердительное I have asked – Я спросил. Отрицательное I have not asked – Я не спросил. Have I asked? – Я спросил? I have been asked – Меня спросили. I have not been asked – Меня не спросили. Have I been asked? – Меня спросили? Вопросительное
EXAMPLES Tenses Active Voice Passive Voice Present Simple Present Continuous They repair cars. They are repairing the car. Cars are repaired. The car is being repaired. Past Simple They repaired the car. The car was repaired. Past Continuous They were repairing the car. The car was being repaired. Future Simple They will repair the car. The car will be repaired. Present Perfect They have repaired the car. The car has been repaired. Past Perfect They had repaired the car. The car had been repaired. Future Perfect They will have repaired the car. The car will have been repaired. Modals + be + p. p. You must repair this car. This car must be repaired.
Forms: +, -, ?
SUBJECT ACTIVE OBJECT Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. We are more interested in Shakespeare Hamlet PASSIVE was written SUBJECT We are more interested in Hamlet AGENT object ACTIVE She gave by Shakespeare. me object a book for my birthday. often a person PASSIVE I subject was given a book for my birthday.
Cводная таблица форм глагола времен Simple, Progressive, Perfect (Active, Passive Voice) (начало) Tense Present Active Voice I/we/you/they He/she/it Simple Past Future Passive Voice write, ask writes, asks I/we/you/they he/she/it wrote asked I /we you/they/he/she/it shall will I we/you/they he/she/it am asked are is written we/you/they were he/she/it was write asked written I/we shall you/they/he/she/it will be asked written
Cводная таблица форм глагола времен Simple, Progressive, Perfect (Active, Passive Voice) (продолжение) Tense Present Progressive Active Voice I we/you/they he/she/it Past Future Passive Voice am are asking is we/you/they were he/she/it was asking I/we shall you/they/he/she/it will be asking I we/you/they he/she/it am are is we/you/they he/she/it were was being asked --------------( Future Simple is used)
Cводная таблица форм глагола времен Simple, Progressive, Perfect (Active, Passive Voice) (продолжение) Tense Passive Voice Present Perfect Active Voice we/you/they She/he/it we/you/they Past Future have has had will have asked written have been he/she/it had has been will have been asked written
Exercises. Passive Voice. ( to be+ V 3 ) Ex. 1 Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Present Simple, Past Simple и Future Simple Passive. 1. Bread … (eat) every day. 2. The letter … (receive) yesterday. 3. Nick … (send) to Moscow next week. 4. I … (ask) at the lesson yesterday. 5. Many houses … (build) in our town every year. 6. This work … (do) tomorrow. 7. These texts … (translate) at the last lesson. 8. We … (invite) to a concert last Saturday. 9. Hockey … (play) in winter. 10. His new book … (finish) next year. 11. Many houses. …(burn) during the Great Fire in London. 12. British coins…. . (make) in the Royal Mint. Ex. 2 Выберите правильную форму глагола, Passive or Active. 1. They (looked / were looked) for the newspaper everywhere. 2. Babies (look / are looked) after very carefully. 3. The roof of the house will (paint / be painted) soon. 4. She (showed / was shown) us the way. 5. I (didn’t invite / wasn’t invited) to their party. 6. They (are discussing / are being discussed) this question now. 7. Will we (meet/be met) by a man from the travel agency at the station.
Exercises. Passive Voice. ( to be+ V 3 ) • • • • • • Ex. 3 Поставьте следующие предложения в Passive Voice. Обратите внимание на модальные глаголы. 1. You can find this book in any library. 2. They can cross the river on a raft. 3. The workers can finish the building of the house soon. 4. I can easily forgive this mistake. 5. The doctor says they must take her to the hospital. 6. You can grow this crop anywhere in Rostov region. 7. They shouldn’t allow smoking in hospitals. Ex. 4 Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму. (Passives) 1. The beautiful house … (build) by an Italian architect 5 years ago. 2. The doctor … (just examine) Pavel. 3. Alpha Romeo cars … (make) in Italy. 4. A swimming pool … (build) in our town next year. 5. The letter … (type) at the moment. 6. My sister … (work) as a teacher for 25 years. Ex. 5 Перепишите следующий отрывок в страдательном залоге. 1. Some people saw an UFO in the sky above London last night. 2. They reported it to the police. 3. The army sent a helicopter to look at it more closely. 4. The UFO shot the helicopter down and killed the pilots in it. 5. The people have already given photographs. 6. The experts are looking at the photographs now.
Скачать презентацию Passive voice Presentation by Olga Tarasenko Passive
UNIT 11 Passive Voice.pptx