P 1 空調系統節能

P 1 空調系統節能新趨勢 - LEED 姚嘉初能源/ 程部資深經理詮宏空調系統(股)公司 2018/3/19 Trane has a policy of continuous product and product data improvement and reserves the right to change design and specifications without notice. © 2005 American Standard Inc.

內容 • 公司簡介 • LEED 概述 • LEED 的空調節能應用 P 2 2018/3/19 © 2005

About Trane • Trane 美商詮宏公司為美國紐約證交所上市公司（American Standard Inc. (NYSE: ASD) • 2006 年全球營業額約 3, 387億台幣 (10. 264 b USD) • 主要營業項目: 空調系統衛浴設備汽車行控系統 • 在全球28個國家共 104座廠，員 61, 500 人 • 正式成立於 1913年美國威斯康新州(WI) La Crosse, 目前為全球最大的中央空調設備製造及銷售服務公司 SEOUL DALIAN TOKYO BEIJING TIANJIN OSAKA–SERVICE Regional Headquarters Colchester, England La Crosse, Wisconsin St. Paul, Minnesota Charmes, Rushville, Indiana France Clarksville, Tennessee Lexington, Kentucky Pueblo, Colorado Charlotte, North Carolina Waco, Texas Rockingham, North Carolina Macon, Georgia Mexico City Ft. Smith, Arkansas NANJING TAIPEI Shanghai CHENGDU WUHAN XIAMEN TAI CHUNG YANG MEI CHONQUING CHANGSHA TAIPEI SHENZHEN JIANGYIN GUANGZH OU MACAU MANILA ZHUHAI BANGKOK ZHONGSH AN HO CHI MINH CITY JOHOR BAHRU PENANG KUALA LUMPUR KUCHING Guam Taicang China Yang. Mei, Taiwan Penang, Malaysia Bangkok, Thailand Malaysia Philippines Singapore Indonesia JAKARTA SURABAYA BRISBANE PERTH P 3 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. ADELAIDE MELBOURNE AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND SYDNEY CANBERRA 3

About Trane Taiwan • 1987 秉持全球視野在地耕耘的精神，於台北設立台灣分公司。 • 1990 與本地公司合資成立「詮恩科技」，廠設於楊梅幼獅業區。 • 1995 業務推展至家用分離式市場。 • 2000 獲得美國之外，全球最大單一出貨分公司殊榮。 • 2001 產銷分離，詮恩專注研發生產；詮宏負責系統服務 • 2003 成立零件中心銷售多品牌空調系統零件；全面推廣六標準差。 • 2004 成立能源技術服務部門，正式跨入節能顧問服務業 (ESCO)， • 2006 年營業額 26億，員人數 250人 • 2007 榮獲亞太地區表現最佳國家獎 • 2007 加入柯林頓氣候倡議(Clinton Climate Initiative)之建築節能整修計畫，成為全球唯一獲選之中央空調系統服務商。桃園台北新竹台中花蓮台南高雄 P 4 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 4

P P 5 5 LEED 概述

LEED (leadership in energy & environmental design) Consensus-focused, 國家標準, 用來發展高效能及適合居住的住宅 – USGBC(美國綠建築協會)制定及發展 – 自願性質, 依點數分級制度 • • • Site Water Energy Materials Environment Innovation P 6 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 6

“綠建築” 的效益 Environment Health, safety • 減少自然資源消耗 • 保護空氣 , 水資源 , 生態的多樣性 •

綠建築在經濟上的效益 “… the findings of this report point to a clear conclusion: Building green is cost-effective and makes financial sense today. ” “…研究結論清楚地指出: 綠色的建築是符合成本效益, 及財務上的效用” Investing 2% more upfront saves 20% in life-cycle costs (total construction cost) 投資增加 2%在初始成本, 以後全生命週期運轉成本則省回 20% (承建總價) Focus on Life-Cycle Costs P 8 2018/3/19 關注全生命週期成本 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 8

通過 LEED 認證…逐年成長 244 5533 USGBC membership 會員增長 NC projects registered 217 (million ft²) 5157 已註冊的新建築項目（百萬平方英尺） 3773 144 80 2397 1137 1. 1 2002 2003 2004 2005 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 21200 19200 LEED accredited professionals 認可的綠建築評估專業技術人員 NC certified projects (number of projects) 成功案例（項目數量） 5978 527 P 9 2018/3/19 2001 6 2003 167 82 2443 2002 285 2004 2005 Source: U. S. Green Building Council, Sept. 2005 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 2001 38 2002 2003 2004 2005 9

美國綠建築認證體系 60 55 Platinum 白金獎 50 45 Gold 黃金獎 40 35 Silver 銀獎 Source:

LEED Certification 認證說明 • Requirements 兩方面要求 – Meet/exceed prerequisites 先決條件必须要滿足 – Earn points (credits) 滿足各評分項要求加分 • Four levels of certification 四個認證級別所需得分 – Certified 通過 26– 32 points – Silver 銀獎 33– 38 points – Gold 黃金獎 39– 51 points – Platinum白金獎 52– 69 points P 11 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 11

LEED 的分級系統 …項目及點數 7 項先決條件必须要滿足加分項目 … • • • Sustainable sites Water efficiency Energy and atmosphere Materials and resources Indoor environmental quality Innovation and design process P 12 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. credits 8 3 6 7 8 — available points 14 5 17 13 15 5 69 12

Trane能協助您 What Trane Can Help • 7個先決條件必须滿足 7 prerequisites to qualify 加上PLUS … 可得分数 credits TRANE能幫助 available points 評分项 Trane assisted • 可持續建設場地 Sustainable sites 8 14 — • 節水 Water efficiency 3 5 3 • 材料與资源 Materials and resources 7 13 • 能源與大氣 Energy and atmosphere 13 6 17 4 • 室内環境 Indoor environmental quality 8 15 8 • 創新設計 Innovation and design process 2 5 5 P 13 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 69 33 13

P 14 LEED 的空調節能應用

優質系統的選項 … EA credit 1 • High-efficiency 高效率設備 equipment • • Airside (空氣側) – VPF (一次測變流量) – EWS (溫差最佳化) ( • Control optimization 控制最佳化) Waterside (水側系統) – EA energy recovery 排氣能源回收) ( – Optimal start/stop 運轉台數最佳化) – Geothermal (地熱系統) – Cogeneration (汽電共生) – Thermal storage (蓄冷系統) ( – Demand-controlled ventilation (CO 2外氣量控制) – Chiller-tower optimization ( 主機水塔最佳化) P 15 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 15

Earth. Wise™ system 的效益 • 降低材料成本 • 降低運轉成本 +$ –$ air handlers • 增加舒適度

Earth Wise system P 17 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 17

Earth Wise system 入水温度 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 温升出水溫度 GPM MBH 6. 5 8. 3 10. 0 11. 7 13. 4 15. 0 16. 6 18. 1 53. 5 54. 3 55. 0 55. 7 56. 4 57. 0 57. 6 58. 1 336 263 218 186 163 146 132 120 1089 1089 P 18 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. LAT相同 EDB/EWB = 85 / 67 ACFM = 30, 000 18

Earth Wise system Energy Consumption, k. W 350 滿載時省4% 300 250 200 Tower Condenser Water Pump 150 Chilled Water Pump Chiller (100% Load) 100 50 0 2. 4/3. 0 1. 5/3. 0 2. 4/2. 0 1. 5/2. 0 Chilled/Condenser Water Flows, gpm/ton P 19 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 19

variable primary flow 的效益 • 低資本支出 • 降低機房使用空間 • 提昇運轉穩定性 • 降低運轉成本 DP (typical)

冰水二次側變流量系統 Chiller #2 Production Chiller #1 Bypass Line Variable-Speed Drive Air Handling Units Distribution Control Valves P 21 2018/3/19 Pressure Differential Controller or Transmitter © 2005 American Standard Inc. 21

Variable Primary Flow (VPF) Chiller #2 Production Chiller #1 Flow sensor Variable-Speed Drive Air Handling Units Distribution Control Valves P 22 2018/3/19 Pressure Differential Controller or Transmitter © 2005 American Standard Inc. 22

Variable Primary Flow (VPF) Variable. Speed Drive Air Handling Units Bypass Line Control Valves

geothermal heat-pump system 的效益 • “免費” 的儲存能量來源 – 無限儲存量 – 免維修 – 免裝置鍋爐及

thermal storage 的效益 • 降低運轉成本轉移設備的運轉時段 – 離峰時間 • 降低空氣側設備的初置成本及運轉成本低溫供風 :

Single Zone, Constant Air Volume (CAV) RA RL OA © 2006 American Standard All

CAV system with economizer Operating Modes OA intake flow, % 100 heating modulated econ integrated econ outdoor air mech clg capacity min 0 cold OA temperature P 27 2018/3/19 mech cooling © 2005 American Standard Inc. hot 27

CAV system with economizer Operating Modes integrated economizer 100% OA modulated economizer min to 100% OA heating © 2006 American Standard All rights reserved min OA mechanical cooling min OA high-limit shutoff P 28 28

energy recovery 空氣側符合 ASHRAE Standard 90. 1 的標準 – 當系統風量達 5000 CFM 時

energy recovery 水側系統符合 ASHRAE Standard 90. 1 標準 – 假如 … • 系統運轉時數 24 hr/day • 熱排放量 > 6, 000 Btu/hr (~450 tons) • 熱水系統的設計熱負載 >1, 000 Btu/hr – 能源回收量必須達到 • 60% 熱排放量 • 熱水系統預熱到 85°F P 30 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 30

主機水塔最佳化 P 31 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 31

Chiller Tower Optimization k. W 400 Optimal control point 300 200 Chiller k. W Tower k. W 100 Total k. W 0 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 Condenser water temperature (°F) P 32 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 32

Chiller Tower Optimization Opt Temp= (0. 8 x OAWT)+(12 x Weight ratio) ( 0. 266 x Design WB) - (0. 2 x gpm per ton)+37 • Weight ratio = Act load / Design load • OAWT = Outside air wet bulb temp. 註: 以上之程式並非完全正確, 僅供参考 P 33 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 33

example CO 2 濃度監測 air handler CO 2 sensor P 34 2018/3/19 © 2005

控制 CO 2 濃度 P 35 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 35

EA credit 5 量測與驗證確保建築的最佳化能源效率及水資源使用效率可以被持續 – 確立基準模型 – 量測 – 性能驗證 (統計) – 常態性的重複評估 / 驗證 Comply with International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol www. ipmvp. org P 36 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 36

EA credit 5 1 量測與驗證 point 安裝可連續量測的儀器設備 – Heat-recovery cycle 熱回收效能) – Motor loads (馬達負載) – Variable frequency drive (VFD) operation (VFD運轉狀態) – Chiller efficiency (主機效率) – Cooling load (冷負荷) – Airside, waterside economizer cycles 節能器效能) ( – Airside static pressures 空氣側運轉靜壓值) – Lighting (燈光) ( – Ventilation air volumes 外氣通風量) ( – Boiler efficiency (鍋爐效率) – Building-related process energy systems, equipment ( ( 建築相關的能源系統及設備) – Indoor water risers (用水量) P 37 2018/3/19 – Outdoor irrigation systems 灌溉系統) © 2005 American Standard Inc. ( 37

TRACER SCADA COP Baseline ES mode P 38 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc.

Case study P 39 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 39

Case study P 40 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 40

Csae study P 41 2018/3/19 © 2005 American Standard Inc. 41

Green Facts Donald Bren School of Environmental Science & Mgt. (office, lab, assembly) Santa Barbara, CA LEED-NC rating out of 51 Platinum 36 Sustainable Site 7/11 Water Efficiency 6/8 3 Energy & Atmosphere 7/11 7 Material & Resources 7/12 Indoor Environmental Quality 7/7 5 Innovation & Design 2/2 2 HVAC USGBC LEED-NC 1. 0 rated Apr. 18, 2002 P 42 42

Green Facts American Honda Northwest Regional Facility (office, warehouse, training) Gresham, OR LEED-NC rating out of 69 Gold 39 Sustainable Site 5/14 Water Efficiency 4/5 4 Energy & Atmosphere 8/17 7 Material & Resources 6/13 Indoor Environmental Quality 13/15 7 Innovation & Design 3/5 3 HVAC USGBC LEED-NC 2. 0 rated Sep. 3, 2002 P 43 43

Green Facts Herman Miller Market. Place (commercial office) Zeeland, MI LEED-NC rating out of 69 Gold 39 Sustainable Site 7/14 Water Efficiency 3/5 3 Energy & Atmosphere 9/17 8 Material & Resources 5/13 Indoor Environmental Quality 10/15 5 Innovation & Design 5/5 5 HVAC USGBC LEED-NC 2. 0 rated Jan. 24, 2003 P 44 44

Trane A business of American Standard Companies www. trane. com P 45 45

P 1 空 調 系 統 節 能

P 1 空調系統節能