Overview of the SLAC HEP Program Persis S

Overview of the SLAC HEP Program Persis S. Drell Research Director SLAC April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 1

April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 2

The SLAC Program X-ray Experiments in FTTB April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 3

B-Factory Program April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 4

B-factory Program PEP-II Accelerator n n Collides e+ and e- with unequal beam energies at ECM=10. 58 Ge. V Premier tool for studying physics of heavy flavor Ba. Bar Detector n n Optimized for B-physics at asymmetric energy collider Run by International Collaboration of > 500 physicists from 74 institutions in 9 countries Strong laboratory support for premier program Strong International Collaboration Leadership w w Spokesman: Marcello Giorgi (Pisa/INFN) Analysis Coordinator: Livio Lanceri (Trieste) Technical Coordinator: Bill Wisniewski (SLAC) Computing Coordinator: Stephen Gowdy (SLAC) April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 5

USA California Institute of Technology UC, Irvine UC, Los Angeles UC, Riverside UC, San Diego UC, Santa Barbara UC, Santa Cruz U of Cincinnati U of Colorado State Florida A&M Harvard U of Iowa State U LBNL LLNL U of Louisville U of Maryland U of Massachusetts, Amherst MIT U of Mississippi Mount Holyoke College SUNY, Albany U of Notre Dame Ohio State U U of Oregon U of Pennsylvania Prairie View A&M U Princeton U SLAC U of South Carolina Stanford U U of Tennessee U of Texas at Albany U of Texas at Dallas Vanderbilt U of Wisconsin Yale April 9 -11, 2003 Italy The BABAR Collaboration 9 Countries 74 Institutions 566 Physicists Canada INFN, Bari INFN, Ferrara Lab. Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Genova INFN, Milano INFN, Napoli INFN, Padova INFN, Pisa INFN, Roma and U "La Sapienza" INFN, Torino INFN, Trieste U of British Columbia Mc. Gill U U de Montréal U of Victoria Norway China Budker Institute, Novosibirsk Inst. of High Energy Physics, Beijing France LAPP, Annecy LAL Orsay LPNHE des Universités Paris VI et VII Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet CEA, DAPNIA, CE-Saclay Germany Ruhr U Bochum Technische U Dresden U Rostock DOE Annual HEP Program Review U of Bergen Russia United Kingdom U of Birmingham U of Bristol Brunel U U of Edinburgh U of Liverpool Imperial College Queen Mary , U of London, Royal Holloway U of Manchester Rutherford Appleton Laboratory 6

B-factory Program PEP-II Accelerator n n Collides e+ and e- with unequal beam energies at ECM=10. 58 Ge. V Premier tool for studying physics of heavy flavor Ba. Bar Detector n n Optimized for B-physics at asymmetric energy collider Run by International Collaboration of > 500 physicists from 74 institutions in 9 countries Strong laboratory support for premier program Strong International Collaboration Leadership w w Spokesman: Marcello Giorgi (Pisa/INFN) Analysis Coordinator: Livio Lanceri (Trieste) Technical Coordinator: Bill Wisniewski (SLAC) Computing Coordinator: Stephen Gowdy (SLAC) April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 7

Building for the Future Country Grad Students Post Docs Ba. Bar Ph. D’s CANADA 6 3 0 CHINA 0 0 0 FRANCE 13 **2 5 GERMANY 15 6 6 ITALY 25 **13 4 NORWAY 1 0 0 RUSSIA 0 **0 0 UK 27 20 14 USA 62 73 7 149 117 36 Totals* *Ba. Bar Physicist Members, Not Including Associates April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review **Underestimated – people obtain permanent positions very early 12/02 8

B-Factory: Past Year 100 fb-1 (Run 2) followed by long (4. 5 mo) down Shutdown work: n PEP-II w Enable increased currents and smaller b* n Ba. Bar w TDC Upgrade for DIRC (French effort) w SVT Work (Italy & US) w IFR Endcap upgrade (Italy & US) n Replace dying RPCs with efficient chambers which have been carefully Q/C’d w Drift Chamber damage and repair n n April 9 -11, 2003 Damaged during support tube extraction Full remediation within shutdown schedule DOE Annual HEP Program Review 9

B-Factory: Past Year Turn-on November 15. n n Power spikes in December caused hardware damage and run delays. Running has now stabilized. Recent PEP-II Records n n n Peak luminosity = 5. 21 x 1033 cm-2 s-1 Int. luminosity per 3 shifts = 347 pb-1 Total Luminosity Delivered: 121 fb -1 April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 10

Analysis Improvements Steady improvements n n Better statistics Better understanding of detector sin 2 b = 0. 741 0. 067 (stat) 0. 034 (syst) In 2 years, CP measurement has moved from a test of our understanding to defining our understanding Many ever more stringent tests yet to come n n CP violation in more complex decays Rare B decays Rich source of physics at least until the end of the decade April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 11

B-Factory: Plans for Future Machine Luminosity Improvements n Peak luminosity = 7 x 1033 cm-2 s-1 n Integrated luminosity = 150/fb n n Peak luminosity = 2 x 1034 cm-2 s-1 Integrated luminosity = 500/fb 6/03 2006 Working on a path to: n Peak luminosity = 4 x 1034 cm-2 s-1 n Integrated luminosity = 1 -2/ab Detector Upgrades n Begin replacing of Barrel IFR 2004 n Implement New Computing Model April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 12

Delivering on Promises FY 03 FY 02 April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 13

The Competition April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 14

Fixed Target Program April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 15

SLAC 158 Parity-Violating Left-Right Asymmetry In Fixed Target Moller Scattering E 158 Collaboration • UC Berkeley • Caltech • Jefferson Lab • Princeton • Saclay • SLAC • Smith College • Syracuse • UMass • Virginia 7 Ph. D. Students April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 16

SLAC E 158: Past Year Beam Delivery n n n Run 1: 23 April – 27 May 2002 Run 2: 10 October – 13 November 2002 Run 3: 7 July – 31 August 2003 Run I result announced 4/3/03 • Parity is violated in Møller scattering • Limits on extra Zs at the level of 400 -500 Ge. V • Limit on lepton-flavor violating coupling ~ 0. 02 GF Final results in 2004 April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 17

E 158: Preliminary Results APV=-151. 9 29. 0 32. 5 ppb sin 2 eff(Q 2=0. 025 Ge. V 2) = 0. 2371 ± 0. 0025 ± 0. 0027 April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 18

Future of Fixed Target Program Real Photon Experiments n Indefinitely delayed Future Fixed Targe Experiments in the Endstation? n Depends on: w Physics Case w Resources April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 19

Linear Collider Program April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 20

Linear Collider Exploration of the Te. V scale will begin, but not end with the CERN LHC World-wide consensus (US, Europe, Asia): n A high energy, high luminosity e+e- linear collider is the highest priority new project for the field. LC is the highest priority of the US HEP program wherever it is built in the world. n n US should bid to host this facility. It will not be built on the SLAC site SLAC has had ongoing program in machine (NLC) R&D We are also working to grow a program of LC detector R&D April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 21

Linear Collider Detector Effort Current focus on: n n Ongoing simulations Currently looking at SD: Silicon Tracker concept for the LC detector w Under study here and elsewhere w One of several approaches under consideration by the community n Working to build effort at SLAC and provide opportunities for user community to engage April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 22

The SLAC Program X-ray Experiments in FTTB April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 23

Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 24

GLAST: g-ray Large Area Space Telescope GLAST measures direction, energy and time of celestial gamma rays from 20 Me. V – 300 Ge. V n n Collaboration of Particle Physicists and Astrophysicists from France, Italy, Sweden, Japan and US Collaboration of Space and HEP funding agencies from France, Italy, Japan and US GLAST will survey the entire sky each day n n n Active Galactic Nuclei Endpoints of Stellar Evolution: Black Holes and Neutron Stars Dark matter Gamma Ray Bursts Discovery! April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 25

GLAST/LAT Instrument Si Tracker ACD pitch = 228 µm 8. 8 105 channels 12 layers × 2. 8% X 0 + 4 layers × 18% X 0 + 2 layers Segmented scintillator tiles 0. 9997 efficiency minimize self-veto Grid (& Thermal Radiators) Cs. I Calorimeter Hodoscopic array 8. 4 X 0 8 × 12 bars 2. 0 × 2. 7 × 33. 6 cm Þ cosmic-ray rejection Þ shower leakage correction April 9 -11, 2003 e+ e– 3000 kg, 650 W (allocation) 1. 8 m 1. 0 m 20 Me. V – 300 Ge. V Flight Hardware & Spares 16 Tracker Flight Modules + 2 spares 16 Calorimeter Modules + 2 spares Data 1 Flight Anticoincidence Detector acquisition Data Acquisition Electronics + Flight Software DOE Annual HEP Program Review 26

GLAST Progress in Past Year: n n n Baseline CD-2/PDR in August 2002 Good Technical Progress in all Sub-systems Project in transition from design to flight hardware fabrication Plans for Next Year: n n n CDR/CD-3 in May 2003 Flight Hardware Fabrication Beginning of I&T at SLAC On schedule for launch: September 2006 April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 27

Other Particle Astrophysics Weekly particle astrophysics seminar series Continued analysis of USA data n Studies of regions of strong gravity R&D for new initiatives Ongoing projects using archival and guest observer data Experiments in FFTB and ESA n n FLASH (Next year) Lab Astro 2003 SLAC Summer Institute April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 28

FLASH (E 165) Uses the high energy electron beam to make measurements of the fluorescence yield from extensive air showers • Goal 10% or better in energy of cosmic ray • April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 29

Kavli Institute building on SLAC site Director reports to Stanford Dean of Research n n Operates as independent research center 9 new faculty w Most (if not all) will be joint SLAC/Campus Director and Deputy Director recruited! n n Roger Blandford (Cal. Tech) Steve Kahn (Columbia) Discussions beginning on the scientific directions that the institute will take It is anticipated the institute will bring in funds from NASA and NSF that will flow through campus in addition to DOE funds that will flow through SLAC April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 30

KIPAC View from the entrance gate View from the central lab April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 31

Advanced Accelerator R&D April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 32

Advanced Accelerator R&D Developing the tools that will define the future of accelerator based science. SLAC has a strong user driven program studying physics of new acceleration mechanisms. n n n Laser-driven acceleration Plasma wake field acceleration Two beam acceleration Emphasis on proof of principle experiments n Recent R&D progress in breakout sessions April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 33

Plasmas Have Extraordinary Potential A 100 Ge. V-on-100 Ge. V e-e+ Collider Based on Plasma Afterburners 3 km 30 m April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review Afterburners 34

ORION FFTB – 30 Ge. V e- & e+ beams. New potential of e- beams with sz < 100 mm NLCTA FFTB ORION Facility (to be constructed in part with funds from the ORION Center Proposal) based on the NLCTA - ~65 & 350 Me. V e- beams “The initial use of the FFTB and subsequently ORION facilities will allow a range of experiments impossible elsewhere. ” April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 35

R&D for Future Experiments April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 36

EXO: Enriched Xenon Observatory Search for bb 0 decay in reaction n 136 Xe -->136 Ba++ e-e+ Observation of decay would provide direct evidence on: w Lepton number violation w Neutrinos are Majorana fermions w Set neutrino mass scale EXO technique in R&D phase n n Will hear about R&D progress and future plans (Rowson) Successful R&D would lead to full scale proposal for EXO facility April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 37

Theory Program April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 38

SLAC Theory Group Primary mission: to advance theoretical highenergy physics, and to train young scientists. n n In addition, some members interact strongly with the SLAC experimental program Interests of the group span a range of extremely challenging problems w Group well integrated with Institute for Theoretical Physics at Stanford University w See many opportunities for interaction with KAVLI Institute April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 39

SLAC Long Range Planning Exercise April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 40

Long Range Planning Exercise ‘Scenarios for the Future of SLAC’ n Develop models of SLAC as a partner in a future LC under different assumptions w What might the ownership pieces of an LC be for SLAC in various scenarios? n As we look towards our future, what are the other exciting physics opportunities for SLAC to be engaged in? w What is the physics case? w Cost and technical difficulty? w Consider which activities might be appropriate in onshore vs off-shore LC scenarios. n How do scenarios fit into an overall picture of lab manpower and budget? April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 41

Long Range Planning Exercise Process involves SLAC Staff, Faculty & Users Chairs: Tom Himel & Persis Drell Subcommittee A Raubenheimer (co-Ch) Paterson (co-Ch) Brau Breidenbach Galayda Wolski Siemann Ross Subcommittee B Dixon (co-Ch) Seeman (co-Ch) Burchat Colby Su Dong Hewett Jacobsen Kahn Neal Schumm Goal: Report to Director Fall 2003 April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 42

Summary April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 43

The HEP Program at SLAC is focused on the central issues of the field Pattern of heavy quark decays (B Factory) Electro-Weak Symmetry Breaking — Physics beyond the SM (Linear Collider) Precision Electro-Weak (E 158) Neutrino mass (EXO) Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Gamma Ray Bursts, Evolution of Early Universe… (KIPAC, GLAST) Advanced Accelerator Techniques (FFTB, ORION) New Theoretical Frontiers April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 44

The SLAC Program X-ray Experiments in FTTB April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 45

Backup Slides April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review 46

Competition is Fierce! KEK-B Daily Recorded Luminosity April 9 -11, 2003 DOE Annual HEP Program Review PEP-II Record 47