Overview of Nuclear Safety Oversight Programs in Taiwan

Overview of Nuclear Safety Oversight Programs in Taiwan Dr. Yi-Bin Chen, Director Department of Nuclear Regulation Taiwan Atomic Energy Council September 23, 2013 1

Outline v Introduction v Nuclear v Security Reactor Safety and Emergency Preparedness v Radiation Protection & Environmental Monitoring v Radioactive Waste Management 2

Introduction 3

Nuclear Power Plants in Taiwan Total nuclear generation in 2012 : 38. 9 TWh Plant Capacity/Type Operating License Chinshan 1804 MWt/unit Unit 1: 1978. 12. 06 (CSNPP) GE BWR 4 X 2 Unit 2: 1979. 07. 16 Kuosheng 2943 MWt/unit Unit 1: 1981. 12. 28 (KSNPP) GE BWR 6 X 2 Unit 2: 1983. 03. 15 Maanshan 2822 MWt/unit Unit 1: 1984. 07. 27 (MSNPP) WH PWR X 2 Unit 2: 1985. 05. 18 Lungmen 3926 MWt/unit (LMNPP) GE ABWR X 2 Under Construction 4

Performance Records of Operating NPPs (Year) Average Number of Scram per Unit 5

Capacity Factor of NPPs in Taiwan 89. 9 6

Nuclear Reactor Safety 7

AEA BASIC ACTS 6 BASIC ACTS REGULATION AND RULES ADMINISTRATIVE ORDERS REACTOR OVERSIGHT PROCESS AND ENFORCEMENT LICENSEE SUBMITTED FSAR; LICENSING BASIS; AMENDMENTS AND OTHER CHANGES TO THE OPERATING LICENSE 8

Laws and Regulations (1/2) v Taiwan laws and regulations: promulgated for the purposes of issuing license, permit, order, fine, violation, etc. v US laws and regulations: All the NPPs were designed according to US laws and regulations. In FSAR or other licensing documents, TPC is committed to follow all the applicable US laws and regulations including orders, bulletins, generic letters, etc. 9

Laws and Regulations (2/2) v Laws and regulations in other countries: AEC will order TPC to implement other country’s regulation or good practices. For example: Seismic - Automatic Seismic Trip System, seismometers in multi-unit and multiple floors at same site. Electric – switchyard, transmission tower reinforcement, limitation of EDG usage during refueling outage 10

10 -Year Periodic Safety Review v Overall Safety Performance including Radiation, Radwaste Management v Major Plant Modifications v Aging Management of SSCs v Seismic Re-evaluation v Lessons Learned from Significant Events v Feedback from Domestic and Foreign Experiences and Research Results 11

Restart Permit after Refueling Outage or Scram v Refueling outage Entrance meeting – few days before outage Special inspection – conducted by all AEC Dept. Exit meeting – review all the major work Restart review – issue restart permit v Scram Regulatory meeting – root causes, performance of all safety systems Restart review – issue restart permit 12

Regulatory Oversight of NPPs Supervisory Committee on Nuclear Safety of Lungmen NPP Licensing Safety Reviews, Construction and Operating Licenses ； Enforcement Resident, ROP, Special and Unannounced inspections AEC Advisory Comm. On Nuclear Facility Safety NPPs Regulatory Meeting Quarterly, biannually 13

Recent Regulatory Activities v v v v Review of Kuosheng’s Stretch Power Uprate (SPU) Application Safety Re-evaluation and Enhancement Plan for Seismic Resistance Groundwater and Buried Pipe Monitoring Risk-Informed Application Review BWR ECCS Suction Strainer Inspection Domestic Fire Protection Standards for NPPs Lungmen ABWR Construction & Initial Test Program Inspection 14

Important Upcoming Activities v Safety Review of Maanshan Containment Sump v Continue FSAR review and conduct taskforce inspections related to pre-operational test and operational readiness before fuel loading for Lungmen ABWR plant v Safety Review of Taipower countermeasures to Fukushima Daiichi accident for both operating NPPs and Lungmen new build 15

Nuclear Security and Emergency Preparedness 16

Nuclear Emergency Response System Ministry of Interior Ministry of Defense Ministry of Econ. Affairs etc. , 11 ministries participating NNERC (National Nuclear Emergency Response Center) Nuclear Emergency Support Center Operated by Military communication Regional Nuclear Emergency Response Center Operated by Local Governments communication Radiation Monitoring and Dose Assessment Center Information Supply Operated by AEC communication Taipower Nuclear Power Plant administrating 17

Emergency Preparedness On-Line Monitoring and Emergency Exercise Nuclear Safety Duty Center Medical Aid Table-top exercise in NNERC Decontamination 18

Nuclear Security Dirty Bombs Drill and Anti-terrorism Drill Personnel Detecting Decontamination Terrorist intrusion Terrorist arresting 19

Radiation Protection & Environmental Monitoring 20

Oversight of Radiation Sources v v v Up to end of December 2012: ¡ 28, 893 registrations/permits issued for equipment and materials ¡ 9, 476 certificates issued to radiation officers and operators Computerized Customs Approval and Registration System established to verify and monitor the status of all sources. Online monthly reporting system established to effectively track radioactive materials. Annual special inspection on Class I & II sources for safety and security. Training seminars to enhance radiation safety culture. 21

Safety and Security Protection of High-Risk Sources Locked container holding the source Access control (Entrance of the Storage room) CCTV surveillance and intrusion alarm Area monitor 22

QA Program for Radiotherapy, Mammography & CT v v Medical exposure QA program started since 2003. Radiotherapy (6 equipment) effective in July 2005. Mammography ¡ Implementation effective in July 1, 2008 ¡ 251 units Computed tomography (CT) ¡ National diagnostic dose survey started in Jan. 2009 ¡ Implementation of QA program beginning in July 2011 ¡ 454 units 23

Detection of Abnormal Radioactive Materials v Iron and steel makers who own smelting furnance(s) are required to install portal type radiation detector(s) since 1995. v Up to end of December 2012, there have been 741 cases of abnormal radioactive materials (including 53 orphan sources) have been detected from metal scrap at steel mills. 24

Environmental Monitoring n n n 39 fixed gamma monitoring stations Real-time data updated every 5 minutes Color coding: < 0. 2 μSv. h-1 Background 0. 2 -20μSv. h-1 verif. /intens. monitoring > 20 μSv. h-1 Immed. investigation 25

Radioactive Waste Management 26

LLW Treatment v Radwaste Reduction ¡ The volume of solidified LLW has been reduced to the minimum practicable. The maximum volume was 12, 258 drums by 2 BWR NPP in 1983 3 NPPs generated only 178 drums in 2012 27

LLW Storage and Disposal v Interim Storage ¡ v On-site Storage ¡ v Lanyu Storage Facility modern air-conditioned, automated and well shielded storage facilities at each NPP Final Disposal ¡ The 2006 “siting” law: voluntary/proposed site, local referendum, incentive package ¡ 2011 -3 -29: MOEA announced two candidate sites ¡ Difficulties in implementation ¡ Amendments to the law being drafted 28

Spent Fuel Management v Dry Storage -- Chinshan Project ¡ ¡ v Construction commenced in Oct. 2010 TPC completed test run in Oct. 2012 TPC to conduct hot test in late 2013 TPC to apply for OL in Jan. 2014 Final Repository ¡ Reprocessing ¡ Direct disposal ¡ Regional/International Cooperation 29

Thank You 30