OSI | WEB SERVICES World Digital Library www. wdl. org “Workshop on Technical Skills and Standards for the World Digital Library” Doha, Qatar February 22 -23, 2012
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Agenda (Day One) • Introduction: Overview of the World Digital Library and WDL in the Arab Peninsula Region (Jason) • Participants Introduction and Discussion (All) • WDL Standards: Purpose and Practice (Sandy / Chris) • Overview of the WDL Production Process (Jason) • Workflow for Content and Metadata Preparation (Sandy / Chris / Ted)
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Agenda (Day Two) • • • Image Files: Digitization and Preparation (Sandy / Chris) Expert Descriptions: Nominal Process for Review and Evaluating Quality (Jason / Ted) Discussion on “Expert Descriptions based on Arab Heritage Resources” (Mr. Mohammed Hammam Fikri) Image Files: Transfer (Sandy / Chris) Discussion: Increasing the Usage of WDL in the Arab World (All) Summary: (Jason) • Review of the WDL Production Process • New Developments and Opportunities for Technical Staff at Partner Institutions • Improving Communication and Collaboration • Feedback Questionnaire, Certificates and Photographs Distribution
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES WDL Trainers: Sandy Bostian, WDL Content Manager Chris Masciangelo, WDL Digital Conversion Specialist Ted Waddelow, U. S. Fulbright Scholar at University of Bahrain Jason Yasner, WDL Operations Manager
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Introduction: Overview of the World Digital Library and WDL in the Arab Peninsula Region Jason Yasner WDL Operations Manager
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Digital Library: Mission and Objectives Mission: Digitize and make freely available over the Internet, in multilingual format, primary source materials that tell the stories and highlight the achievements of all countries Objectives: • Promote international and intercultural understanding and awareness • Expand multilingual and culturally diverse content on the Internet • Provide resources to educators and contribute to scholarly research • Build knowledge and capacity in the developing world; help narrow the digital divide
World Digital Library www. wdl. org Key Features of the WDL Website • Multilingualism • Interface in seven (7) languages • Content in more than seventy-five (75) languages • High quality content of cultural and historical importance • Consistent, high-quality metadata to allow searching and browsing across cultures and time periods • Item-level descriptions, curator videos to enhance user understanding of the content • Speed and performance • Web 2. 0 features
World Digital Library www. wdl. org Partners and User Statistics (As of February 1, 2012) • 138 partners from 72 countries • www. wdl. org launched on April 21, 2009 • Usage since launch: • More than 19 million visitors • Top countries by number of visitors: Spain, United States, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, China, France, Russian Federation, Colombia, Portugal, Germany, UK • Links from other sites to WDL: 3. 5 million • Visitors from the Arab World: 454, 390
World Digital Library www. wdl. org The WDL Governance Structure • WDL launched as a Library of Congress-UNESCO partnership • WDL Charter provides for: Annual partner meeting Executive Council Standing Committees for: Technical Architecture Content Selection Translation and Language Regional and Subject Sub-committees Arabic Scientific Manuscripts Chinese Language Content Meso-American Codices Arab Peninsula Regional Group • Library of Congress serves as Project Manager (2010 -2015)
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES WDL in the Arab Peninsula Region (and neighboring parts of Africa) • Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage (ADACH) • Al- Ahgaf Library for Manuscripts, Yemen • Central Library, Qatar Foundation, Qatar • King Abdulaziz University Library, Saudi Arabia • King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Main Library, Saudi Arabia • King Hamad Library, Bahrain • National Library of Jordan • National Library of Sudan • Omani Digital Library (Kawab Al-Marifa), Sultanate of Oman • Sultan Qaboos University Libraries, Sultanate of Oman
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Partner Introduction and Discussion • Name, Position, Institution • What are you digitizing, e. g. , books, manuscripts, maps, photos, etc. ? • What content do you plan to contribute to WDL? • Do you have a preservation policy in place? • How are you storing your digital items? • What equipment are you using? • Do you have dedicated funding for digital production? • Do you have a dedicated physical space (scanning facility)?
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES WDL Standards: Purpose and Practice project. wdl. org Sandy Bostian WDL Content Manager
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library WDL Standards: Why? • Your images are what people see. § Deep Zoom shows flaws. § “Put your best foot forward. ” • Your metadata runs the display. www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES WDL Standards: What is a digital object? • Digital Content Partner • Metadata • Relationships • Behavior WDL
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library WDL Standards: One vs. Many • Books, Manuscripts § Single Volume – 1 object § Multi-Volume – 1 object • Newspapers § Each Issue – 1 object • Journal § Each Issue – 1 object • Photographs § Single Photograph – 1 object § Photo Album – ? ? ? • Maps § Single Map – 1 object § Atlas – ? ? ? www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES WDL Standards: Digital Object • 1 Record = 1 Object • Make Sure the Numbers Match Before Sending • Put the Digital Identifier in the Record
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library WDL Standards: Real Life Example www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES • 806 Records • 316 Files + 55 Directories = 371 Objects • No Digital Identifiers in Records
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library WDL Standards: Filenaming • ASCII characters, preferably numbers • Case matters (my_file vs. My_file vs. my_File) • Three-letter file extensions (. tif NOT. tiff) • Do not use these characters: § < or > § : § " § / or § | § ? § * § Space “ “ § ( or ) www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Overview of WDL Production Process • Content Selection • Content Transfer • Content Processing • Cataloging (consistent metadata, descriptions) • Translation • Publishing Jason Yasner WDL Operations Manager
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES WDL 2 Workflow
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Content Workflow: Transfer • • • Transfer to “landing zone” server Malware & virus scans “Bag & tag” Inventory Transfer to tape backup Transfer to “work zone” server Content Workflow: Triage • Reconcile records & media • Cursory vetting for obvious problems • Missing media files • Missing data files/records • Corruption issues • Cataloging/Translation derivatives • Starter kit prep - item level tracking • Load to catalog or pre-translation www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Content Workflow: Object Building • • • Quality review Media adjustments as needed (cropping, etc. ) Color management/s. RGB conversion Create master reference image Object building • WDL directory structure • Add image header information • Handle registration • Reference image derivatives • PDFs Content Workflow: Validation • • Run script that checks for missing parts & server permissions issues Final media validation (JHOVE based tool) Link items to dev team server area Update inventory system www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Description Process WDL Description team: • • Professors, scholars, researchers, and other field experts Editors Description Coordinator Partner Reviewers Function: • • To produce a summary that explains each item and highlights its significance To illuminate the material in a way that is accurate, succinct, and engaging, working with information provided by partners, subject specialists, and other authoritative resources Process: Pre-description: determine and execute the appropriate course of action for the writing and editing processes, i. e. : – how to improve existing descriptions provided by partners – pinpoint the appropriate expert to write descriptions, if they are not provided Writing: supplement pre-existing descriptions or produce original ones Editing: substantive edit and copy-edit Partner Review: evaluation of WDL-edited descriptions by partner institution Finalizing: final approval before description is sent to Metadata team
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Metadata Process Original metadata creation • Edit English title, read and check the description • Find or verify names in VIAF • Verify publication date and language used in the material • Verify place names in TGN • Assign appropriate topics and additional subjects • Clean “Notes” and “Physical Description” fields • Add collection title if needed Metadata review • Review each field to make sure there are no errors • Verify the names, DDC, and subjects, etc. Batch metadata creation • Analyze metadata to develop strategy and workflow • Create metadata mapping and decide output format • Create or/and verify generic information, names, places, DDC, and subjects, etc. • Develop and create macros and scripts • Process metadata in batch using various tools • Final review of the metadata in Metadata Management App
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Translation and Language Management Linguistic team • • Three translation vendors who share our six languages (FR, ES, PT, AR, RU, ZH) One reviewer per language Translation process • • • Pre-translation when content is submitted to us in a language other than English Translation into six languages, using translation management systems such as CAT tools In-context review and quality control on our staging website Related work • • • Terminology and style management (glossaries and style guides) Query management (direct access to content writers and subject matter experts) Feedback loop management between subject matter experts, translators and reviewers
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Development Process • • Ongoing supportive role of entire production process Ongoing maintenance and scaling of website Building tools for content and metadata management Troubleshooting
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Workflow for Content and Metadata Preparation Your metadata runs the display! Sandy Bostian WDL Content Manager
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Metadata Preparation: Identifiers (IDs) • WDL Identifier • Record Identifier • Digital Identifier
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Metadata Preparation: Title Information • Original Title Language § Title vs. Work • English Title (if available)
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Metadata Preparation: Contributors • Contributor § Name § Birth/Death Dates (if known) • Role § Author § Scribe/Copyist § Calligrapher § Photographer § Editor/Compiler § Architect www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Metadata Preparation: Publication Info • Date Created § Start § End § Created vs. Copied § CE and/or Hijri • Publisher • Place of Publication
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Metadata Preparation: Subjects • Place § Hierarchical § Controlled Vocabularies • Time § Publication vs. Subject Time § CE and/or Hijri • Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) • Additional Subjects (keywords) www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Metadata Preparation: Type of Item • Controlled Vocabulary § Books § Journals § Manuscripts § Maps § Motion Pictures § Newspapers § Prints, Photographs § Sound Recordings www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Metadata Preparation: Descriptions • Description/Abstract • Physical Description • Notes • Language www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Metadata Preparation: Additional Info • Collection • Series • Institution • URL www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Image Files: Digitization and Preparation Chris Masciangelo WDL Digital Conversion Specialist
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Agenda § Technology § Hardware § Software § Pre-capture Set Up § Information Capture / Scanning § File Formats § Storage § Quality Review / Post Processing § Problems § Audio and Video § Other Considerations www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Technology § Hardware - Flatbed scanner - Overhead/Planetary scanner - V-shaped book scanner - Large Format scanning system - Monitor - Computer www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Hardware § Flatbed Scanners www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Hardware § Overhead/Planetary Scanners www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Hardware § V-shaped Book Scanners - Manual [Atiz Book. Drive Pro] - Automatic [Kirtas KABIS III] www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Hardware § Large Format Scanning System www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Hardware § Large Format Scanning System - Camera - Digital Back - Lighting - Platform/Easel www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Hardware § Monitor - CRT - LCD Calibration – colorimeter / spectrophotometer
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Software § Computer/Operating System - Windows - Mac www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Software § Scanning software/driver § Image Editing software - Adobe Photoshop Creative Suite - Adobe Bridge - Adobe Photoshop Elements - Capture One § Image Validation software [JHOVE] § Image Metadata Editing [Exif. Tool] www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Pre-capture Set Up § § § Examine materials to be scanned for issues/problems Identify balance between adequate informational capture and quality, physical item size, file format and compression, resolution and bit depth, and master file size Ensure equipment is properly focused, has capture profile set (including no auto-sharpening), and that the monitor is calibrated Ensure proper and equal distribution of lighting Good practice to shoot with a commercial color bar or grayscale
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Pre-capture Set Up § Risks during imaging - Physical damage - Exposure to light - Exposure to heat - Disassociation www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Information Capture / Scanning • Targets, color bars, and grayscales www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Information Capture / Scanning • Bit Depth [informational and artifactual value]
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Information Capture / Scanning • Color Modes - RGB [red, green, blue] - CMYK [cyan, magenta, yellow, key (black)] www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Information Capture / Scanning • Color Space and Profile - s. RGB is the only appropriate choice for images uploaded to the web since most web browsers don't support any color management. - s. RGB IEC 61966 -2. 1 - Adobe RGB (1998) Adobe RGB images that are uploaded to websites without conversion to s. RGB will generally appear dark and muted. - Grayscale - Gray Gamma 2. 2
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Information Capture / Scanning • Resolution [PPI/DPI] - 2400+ ppi (slides) - 300 -600 ppi (archival) - 72/96 ppi (on screen/download) Rule of thumb: Longest side of the image should be 3000 pixels 4 inch x 5 inch photo @ 600 ppi = 2400 x 3000 pixels File size = (width pixels x height pixels x bit depth)/8 (2400 x 3000 x 24)/8 = 21, 600, 000 bytes or 20. 6 MB www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
![World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library File Formats • Master [archival] -](https://present5.com/presentation/015ffbe73bac89d848fd77445fa471d1/image-55.jpg "World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library File Formats • Master [archival] -")
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library File Formats • Master [archival] - RAW - TIF - JPEG 2000 • Access [derivatives] - JPG - PNG - PDF • Compression - LZW - JPEG 2000 - ZIP www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Storage • Media - CD - DVD - Hard Drive - Tape - Cloud • Backups • Issues - Capacity - Transfer errors - Bit rot - Sustainability, obsolescence, data migration www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Quality Review / Post-Processing • Identify digital issues • Image validation • Color correction • Sharpening www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Noise • Artifacting • Vignetting • Chromatic aberration • Over-sharpening • Depth of field • Color reproduction • Lens distortion • Clipping - Overexposure / Underexposure www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Noise www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Artifacting www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Vignetting www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Chromatic aberration www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Over-sharpening www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Depth of Field www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Color Reproduction www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Lens Distortion www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Problems • Clipping - Overexposure / Underexposure www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Audio and Video • The format should be publicly and openly documented. • The format is not proprietary. • The format is in widespread use. • The format can be opened, read, and accessed using readily-available tools. • WAV or AIFF files [uncompressed] • MP 4 or MOV
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Other Considerations • Copyright • Funding • Staffing www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Expert Descriptions: Nominal Process for Review and Evaluating Quality Question: What is an Expert Description on the WDL? Answer: It is a summary that explains each item and highlights its significance. It illuminates the material in a way that is accurate, succinct, and engaging. It is developed by working with information provided by partners, subject specialists, and other authoritative resources. Jason Yasner WDL Operations Manager
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Expert Descriptions: Nominal Process 1. Do we have adequate information from the partner, both metadata and what the partner has provided as descriptions, to produce the descriptions we need for the WDL? Does the description answer the following questions: “What is this object and why does it matter? ”
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Expert Descriptions: Nominal Process 2. If the initial description (and metadata) are inadequate to create a usable WDL description, is there additional information on the Partner Institution’s Web site directly linked to this item that could be used to do so? This may not be initially known because there may be different people involved in creating the metadata than were involved in creating these sites.
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Expert Descriptions: Nominal Process 3. If the answers to 1 and 2 both turn out to be “no, ” i. e. , the Partner Institution does not have a description that can be used, is there an existing, authoritative source (online or in hard copy) that contains a usable description for the item or items in question, or the raw material to create such a description? Description writers need to remember that they are dealing with digitized versions of real objects, many rare and unique. Description writers are trying to highlight the significance of these objects and provide context. They shouldn’t write just about the objects (as in the bibliographic literature) or just about the context (as in general sources such as Wikipedia), but must do a bit of both, relating one to the other.
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Expert Descriptions: Nominal Process 4. If the answers to 1, 2, and 3 are all “no, ” we have no alternative but to produce a new description from scratch. This can either be done by going back to the Partner Institution and asking them to produce a new description, or, if for some reason the partner cannot produce a description (it may not have available staff or language expertise, for example) to engage WDL staff and expert contractors to do the description and then run by the partner for comment/approval. Examples of research strategies used by WDL.
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Discussion on “Expert Descriptions based on Arab Heritage Resources” Mr. Mohammed Hammam Fikri Senior Heritage Specialist Cultural Advisor Office, Qatar Foundation
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Image Files: Transfer Live Demo Sandy Bostian WDL Content Manager
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Discussion: Increasing the Usage of WDL in the Arab World • How do we promote WDL to users in the Arab World? • What can your institution do to support this? • How do we recruit more institutions to join WDL? • Other ideas?
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES SUMMARY Jason Yasner WDL Operations Manager
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Overview of WDL Production Process • Content Selection • Content Transfer • Content Processing • Cataloging (consistent metadata, descriptions) • Translation • Publishing
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES New Developments • January 2011: 1, 350 items online • Comprising 98, 278 images • November 14, 2011 (Partner Meeting): 4, 049 items • Comprising approx. 212, 000 images • 200% increase since January 1, 2011 • End of 2011: 4, 550 items • 237% increase since January 1, 2011 • Early 2012: Expected approx. 6, 000 items • Satisfy medium-term goal in WDL Business Plan • 344% increase since January 1, 2011
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Opportunities for Technical Staff • New Metadata Management Application • Code-named “Cupcake” • Improved metadata creation and maintenance • Currently, also supports Translation and Quality Review processes • WDL 2 • Overhaul of code for better management and optimization • Into the cloud… • Better user experience worldwide • Continuous Process Improvement • Project Management, standards and best practices • Efficiency, reliability, and timeliness www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Improve Communication and Collaboration • Increase Partner Collaboration • Enable more Self-Service via online tools to: • Increase online content transfers • Track transfers with inventory integration • Improve content processing and validation • Allow Partner access and review of descriptions, metadata, and translations • Get more people in the process where needed • Improve Detailed Standards and Guidelines • http: //project. wdl. org • Content guidelines (digitization, file-naming, object structure) • Metadata guidelines (mapping from MARC, MODS, Dublin Core) • Improve Integration with Authority Files • Metadata controlled vocabularies, authority files • Translation controlled vocabularies, authority files
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Improve Communication and Collaboration • Improve User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) • • • WDL 2 is a starting point Richer user interface and experience Full-Text Search (FTS) Enhanced Web 2. 0 Sharing features Capacity Building • • Continue support of digitization centers in Egypt, Uganda, and Iraq Plan meetings and training workshops Use this workshop in Doha, Qatar, as a prototype @WDLorg • Please follow
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES Contact Information Sandy Bostian, WDL Content Manager sbos@loc. gov Chris Masciangelo, WDL Digital Conversion Specialist cmas@loc. gov Ted Waddelow, U. S. Fulbright Scholar, Univ. of Bahrain theodore. waddelow@gmail. com Jason Yasner, WDL Operations Manager jyas@loc. gov
World Digital Library www. wdl. org World Library Thank you! www. wdl. org OSI | WEB SERVICES
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