Organized Crime SIXTH EDITION CHAPTER 7 Domestic Organized

Organized Crime SIXTH EDITION CHAPTER 7 Domestic Organized Crime Groups Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Youth Gangs • Reasons for the Existence of Youth Gangs: § Removal of manufacturing plants from cities (created “mass” unemployment). § Migration of middle-class minority families from urban centers to more affluent suburbs. (Leaving lowereconomic groups in urban areas. ) § Increased density of segregated minority populations in the city. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Youth Gangs • Reasons for the Existence of Youth Gangs: § Employer discrimination and wage gaps in service jobs in cities. § Loss of federal and state social services in cities. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Youth Gangs • Reasons for the Existence of Youth Gangs: § Increases in the number of youths of gang-age, without commensurate increases in community infrastructure for supervising these youths. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Youth Gangs • How Street Gangs are Organized: § Gangs evolve from a smaller group or clique. § Cliques form around these concerns: • Ethnic or racial heritage • Desire to “guard” territory • Need for protection from another groups Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Youth Gangs • Youth Gang Member Types: § Hard-core gang members • Most violent and have committed serious crimes. § AG – gangster for life § BG – baby gangster § Foot solider – lowest ranking member Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Youth Gangs • Youth Gang Member Types: § § Homeboy – fellow gang member Hoodsta – gangster Killa – Killers Wannabee or Mark – wants to be a gang member Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Youth Gangs • Mobility of Youth Gangs § Reasons for gang migration: • • To stay with relocating families. Avoid apprehension and prosecution. Avoid retribution from rival gangs. To participate in private and public training and rehabilitation programs. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Youth Gangs • Mobility of Youth Gangs § Reasons for gang migration: • To take advantage of new criminal markets and higher illegal profits. • Reduce street gang rivalry and competition. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Youth Gangs • Mobility of Youth Gangs § Reasons for gang migration: • Find communities that are easier to initiate and manipulate. • Take advantage of limited law enforcement resources and L. E. ’s lack of recognition and awareness of gangs. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs • Originally formed in late 1940’s § Organizational structure § Criminal Activity § Hell’s Angels • Estimated 1000 members § The Outlaws • Began in Chicago in 1950’s § The Pagans • Control methamphetamine manufacture in northeast US. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs • Originally formed in late 1940’s § The Bandidos • Youngest and fastest growing of the 4 major outlaw motorcycle gangs. • Concentrated in Texas. • Revenue is generated by drug trafficking, prostitution, and extortion. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Prison Gangs • Criteria by Federal Government for an Organized Crime Group § § § Continuity Structure Membership Criminality Violence Power and profit Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Prison Gangs • Nature of Prison Gangs § Some are highly structured § Leaders demonstrate physical prowess, commit violent acts. § Most choose gangs by racial and ethnic lines. § Admission requirements; • Based on race, ethnicity, and geography. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Prison Gangs • Recruitment; § Blood in, blood out • Prison Gang Structure § Controlled by an established system of leadership. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Prison Gangs • Prison Gang Structure § Tenure of a gang leader may be relatively short due to parole, transfers between prisons, and general dissatisfaction with a particular leader’s performance. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Prison Gangs • Gang Members in the Community • Member of prison gangs are: § Generally 19 to 40 years old § Highly mobile § Usually career criminals Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Rural Organized Crime • Usually disorganized bands of fences, con men, strip joint owners, and auto thieves. • Rural areas have drug dealers, prostitutes, and gamblers. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

The Retail Market • Revolves around the basic human desire for liquor, sex, and gambling • “Two-holers” § Establishments that house a small gambling operation and a few prostitutes. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Characteristics of Rural Organized Crime Groups • Involve a small number of participants. • Low percentage of female managers. • Important family ties. Organized Crime, Sixth Edition Michael D. Lyman | Gary W. Potter Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved