ORGANIC COMPOUNDS An element is any

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

An element is any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. The smallest unit of an element is an atom.

A compound is any chemical that is made of two or more different elements.

Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon. Examples: Water, Salt, and acids like sulfuric acid

Organic Compounds contain carbon and hydrogen and are usually associated with living things.

CHONPS: C arbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus Sulfur

Life as we know it is carbon based. Why? A carbon atom can form chemical bonds with other carbon atoms in long chains or rings. Carbon compounds in living things include: Carbohydrates Nucleic Acids Proteins Fats

Carbohydrates are energy-rich compounds made from the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. (CHO) Function: Cells use carbohydrates to get and store energy. Examples: Sugars and starches.

Proteins are large molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. (CHONS) Proteins are made of smaller molecules called amino acids. Function: Build organelles, build body parts, helps with body defense. Examples: Hair, nails, enzymes.

Lipids are made by cells to store energy for long periods of time. They are composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. (CHO) Function: Store long term energy. Examples: Fats, oils, and waxes.

Nucleic Acids are compounds made of long, repeating chains called nucleotides. They are made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. (CHONP) Function: Used to store genetic information. Examples: DNA and RNA