Organ transplantation Organ transplantation is the moving

Organ transplantation

Organ transplantation is the moving of an organ from one body to another or from a donor site to another location on the patient's own body, for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or absent organ.

History. The first successful corneal allograft transplant was performed in 1837 in a gazelle model; the first successful human corneal transplant, a keratoplastic operation, was performed by Eduard Zirm at Olomouc Eye Clinic, now Czech Republic, in 1905. The first transplant in the modern sense – the implantation of organ tissue in order to replace an organ function – was a thyroid transplant in 1883. It was performed by the Swiss surgeon and later Nobel laureate Theodor Kocher.

By 1900, the idea that one can successfully treat internal diseases by replacing a failed organ through transplantation had been generally accepted. Pioneering work in the surgical technique of transplantation was made in the early 1900’s by the French surgeon Alexis Carrel, with Charle Guthrie, with the transplantation of arteries or veins. Their skillful anastomosis operations and the new suturing techniques laid the groundwork for later transplant surgery and won Carrel the 1912 Nobel Priz in Physiology or Medicine.

Types of transplant Autograft Allotransplantation Xenotransplantation Split transplants Domino transplants ABO-incompatible transplants

Organs that can be transplanted are: Heart Lung Kidney Liver Pancreas Intestine Stomach Testis

Tissues, cells, fluids: Skin Blood Bone Blood Vessels Bone marrow

Types of donor Living donor Deceased donor