Opticon Key Technologies Network Colin Cunningham UK ATC

Opticon Key Technologies Network Colin Cunningham UK ATC, Edinburgh 11 th Nov 2008

Scope & Objectives • Objectives – from Contract – To identify key technology needs – Look for opportunities which technology developments in other sectors provide for astronomy – Encourage European collaborative technology development projects – Provide a forum for discussing potential routes for further development • Scope: – The focus of the KTN activities is enabling technologies – The KTN supports the development of facilities (telescopes) as well as instruments – The core activity of the KTN is in the wavelength region 300 nm to 35 µm. – The KTN supports a balanced portfolio of low risk and high risk technology developments – The KTN supports the integration of telescope and 2 instrument test facilities.

Working Method • Core Team – based round JRA leaders • Associate team – contribute where appropriate • Twiki – interactive website https: //ssl. roe. ac. uk/twiki/bin/view/Optikeytec/Web. Home • Meeting alongside Opticon reviews and other events eg SPIE meetings • Specific Workshops focussed on sciencedriven technology challenges • Roadmap development 3

Technology Planning: Roadmap Science Goals time Facility, Mission or Instrument Technology 4

Roadmapping Process 5

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Technology threads and outcomes • William Herschel Telescope Laser Guide Star and AO Testbed > UK funding & FP 7 Proposal • Smart Instrument Technologies > FP 7 Proposal • Optical components for ELT Instruments – EAGLE & OPTIMOS consortia • IR Detectors > UK study with Industry, potential ESA funding • Astrophotonics > FP 7 Proposal 7

Major Meetings • Core Team Meeting – Glasgow, June 04 • Core Team Meeting & Technology Roadmap for ELT – Grenoble, Oct 04 • Challenges in Optics for ELT Instruments – Rome, Oct 05 • AO Roadmap Workshop – Paris, March 06 • Core Team Meeting & FP 7 Roadmap – Orlando, May 06 • Astro-Photonica Europa – Edinburgh, August 06 • Smart Focal Planes Roadmap – Neuchatel, Dec 05 • WHT Testbed Meeting – La Palma, Oct 06 • Smart Instrument Technologies – Leiden, April 07 8

La Palma Testbed > CANARY 9

Astro. Photonics Jeremy Allington-Smith, Durham University Astro. Photonica Europa is a partnership to exploit photonic principles for astronomy, using and enriching the existing research and industrial infrastructure. The primary goal is to make instruments for Extremely Large Telescopes affordable and practicable by exploiting photonic principles. Telecommunications has been the main driver for photonic innovation so far. – Future generation of extremely large telescopes may be contingent on the use of photonic devices, including integrated spectrographs, dispersers, beam combiners and photonic crystal fibres. – Although the potential of photonics has been demonstrated, much is still needed to develop practical, efficient devices – It will build on the lead in instrument innovation already established by Europe and its strategic partners. There are opportunities for synergy with the life sciences and earth observation. 10

Corfu: Planned Future Meetings • Astro-Photonica Europa – October 07, Grenoble • WHT Testbed Meeting – December 07 • IR Detectors Astronomy Requirements and European Industry Capabilities • Technology Roadmap Update Workshop 11

Actual Meetings • Astro-Photonica Europa – October 07, Grenoble • WHT Testbed Meetings – December 07 Leiden & ESO • IR Detectors Astronomy Requirements and European Industry Capabilities – Aug 08 Oxford 12

Towards the Next Generation of Astronomical IR Detectors Department of Physics, University of Oxford Tuesday 1 st July: Instrument Projects and Detector Requirements 13: 00 13: 15 14: 00 14: 45 15: 15 16: 45 17: 15 17: 45 Welcome and Introduction Gavin Dalton ESO’s E-ELT Instrumentation Markus Kissler-Patig ESA Programmes, activities & requirements Nick Nelms MICADO – The E-ELT Imager Ric Davies The HARMONI Integral Field Spectrograph Fraser Clarke Detector requirements for EAGLE Colin Cunningham Overview of a Wide Field MOS capability Gavin Dalton The DUNE imager requirements Frank Eisenhauer Wrap-up discussion Wednesday 2 nd July: Detector developments and prospects 09: 30 10: 00 10: 30 11: 00 12: 00 13: 45 14: 15 14: 45 Overview of current IR FPAs in astronomy Derek Ives Status of IR focal plane technology at ESO Gert Finger Coffee Developments at Qineti. Q Peter Dennis & David Hall Developments at SELEX Keith Baker CCDs in the 1 micron region Paul Jorden Developemntsat RAL Nick Waltham Discussion Session https: // forge. roe. ac. uk/twiki/bin/view/Optikeytec/Presen. Tations 13

CMT Growth Capabilities • Growth of Cadmium Mercury Telluride – by bulk Bridgman – by Liquid Phase Epitaxy (LPE) – by Metal Organic Vapour Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE) • Key to the ability to offer affordable high performance detectors is to be able to grow high quality MCT on large area, low cost substrates • MOVPE is the only technology capable of growing on low cost (Ga. As) large area (currently three inch diameter, but soon to move to a six inch capability) substrates. 14 Galileo Avionica S. p. A and SELEX Sensors & Airborne Systems Limited - Finmeccanica Companies

© Copyright Qineti. Q System Architecture for Growth on ROICs Si ROIC Crystalline Cd. Hg. Te areas Input IR Silicon substrate with CMT device mesas CMT MBE Buffer MOVPE Cd. Hg. Te Growth n p Indium bumps Silicon Read -Out IC Polycrystalline Cd. Hg. Te Input IR Contact metal CMT Silicon Read -Out IC with integrated CMT islands IR Arrays www. Qineti. Q. com 15

Up-coming Meetings • Roadmap Update Workshop – 13 th/14 th November at UK ATC, Edinburgh • Material Property Measurements for Cryogenic Instruments – December 4 th/5 th at Merate, Milan 16

Technology Roadmap Workshop Aims Review and update the roadmap for technology development needed by optical and infra-red ground based astronomy the future. in The roadmap will: • Highlight the key technologies required • and the important stages in their development • Show these will help us meet our top scientific goals • Highlight the funding available to allow us to do this • And identify synergies with space based astronomy The roadmap will primarily focus on technologies for instruments and interferometry, but will also touch upon technologies for telescopes and adaptive optics. The updated roadmap document will be the final delivery of the FP 6 KTN, and will be taken forward as a working tool for FP 7 KTN 17

Workshop attendees Robert Pfab Technologist UK ATC UK Dave Melotte Technologist UK ATC UK Colin Cunningham PPT Engineer UK ATC UK Frank Molster MIR Instruments NOVA/Leiden NL Gavin Dalton IR Detectors/Fibres RAL/Oxford UK Filippo Zerbi Optical Devices INAF/Brera IT Lars Venema Mechanisms/Instruments ASTRON NL Adam Woodcraft Cryogenics SUPA/Edinburgh. UK Pierre Kern Interferometry LOAG FR Jeremy Allington-Smith Astrophotonics/IFUs Durham UK Tim Gledhill Polarimetry Hertfordshire UK Didier Martin Space Technology ESA Int Suzanne Ramsay Howat IR Instruments ESO Int 18

Cryo Materials Workshop • The goals of this workshop are: – to foster the sharing of information, experience and techniques between instrument developers, experts in optical and structural materials and industry – to review the actual precisions and limitations of the knowledge on relevant materials – to explore opportunities for future partnerships and joint use of facilities – to discuss plans for funding of future work – to summarize the current status and collect the future needs in a review paper • Specific topics of the workshop are: – survey of existing data • Optical • Thermal • Mechanical – a survey of existing facilities and their capabilities – the need for measurements over a range of temperatures – where new materials could make a difference if we knew how to use them – what is missing 19

Attendees (TBC) Erich Ruch Matthias Kroedel Fabrizio Vitali Pedichini Fernando Alberto Alvarez Herrero Tsuyoshi Ozaki Filippo Zerbi Andrea Bianco Paolo Spanò Colin Cunningham Adam Woodcraft Florian Kerber Peter Hartmann Favio Bortoletto Giuseppe Pennestri Simon Canfer Marco Barucci Marco Canetti Johan Pragt ? SAGEM ECM (Cesic) INAF – Roma INTA Mitsubishi INAF – Brera INAF - IASF Milano INAF – Brera UK ATC SUPA ESO SCHOTT INAF – Padova Gavazzi Space RAL Univ. Firenze RIAL ASTRON France Germany Italy Spain Japan Italy UK UK International Germany Italy UK Italy Netherlands 20

Spend & Remaining funds • € 191 k total (reduced) budget • € 70 k left for 2008 • € 10 k promised to INSU for JRA 2 • Rest being used for 3 workshops & final roadmap production 21

Publications & Dissemination • IAU Symposium 232: Scientific Requirements for ELTs , Cape Town, Nov 2005 – • SPIE Symposium Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation , Orlando, May 2006 – – • Astron. Nachr. / AN 999, No. 88, 789 – 811 (2006) Towards the European ELT, Marseille Nov 2006 – – • Plenary Presentation: Novel Technology for Optical and Infrared Astronomy, Colin Cunningham Follow up invited talk at NASA Goddard Nov 2007 Challenges in optics for Extremely Large Telescope instrumentation, Spano et al – • Novel Technologies required to meet ELT science challenges, Cunningham & Crampton Overview of the FP 6 ELT Instrumentation Program & Technology Challenges for ELT Instruments Colin Cunningham IR Detectors Gavin Dalton SPIE Symposium Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation , Marseille, 2008 – Smart instrument technologies to meet extreme instrument stability requirements • Colin Cunningham, Peter Hastings, Florian Kerber, David Montgomery, Lars Venema, Pascal Vola • 400 years of the telescope. Oct 2008, ESTEC , – Future Technologies for Telescopes and Instruments, Colin Cunningham 22

Objectives Achieved • To identify key technology needs – IR Detectors, Large Optics, Astrophotonics, AO components and systems, Smart Instrument Technologies • Look for opportunities which technology developments in other sectors provide for astronomy – Astrophotonics, IR Detectors • Encourage European collaborative technology development projects – WHT Testbed, Astrophotonics, Smart Instrument Technologies, AO • Provide a forum for discussing potential routes for further development – Through 14 Meetings & Workshops 23

Follow on: FP 7 Opticon Key Technology Network • The KTN has proved to be a valuable mechanism for bringing partners together to address technology requirements and bid for new projects • The Technology Roadmap for Optical & IR Astronomy needs to be continually updated to deal with a changing scientific, programmatic, technical and political environment 24

The Opticon Key Technologies Network (KTN) will: • Identify key technology needs relevant to the Astro. Net Facility Roadmap • Develop and regularly update the extant (FP 6) dynamic Technology Roadmap • Analyse technology developments in other sectors which provide opportunities for application in astronomy • Identify spin-out opportunities for technologies developed for astronomy to be used in other research sectors and to improve the competitiveness of European industry • Help build project consortia to develop those technologies, and search out technology development funding • Provide a forum to share information between the FP 7 Opticon RTD activities. 25

Core Working Group • The network will be coordinated by a core working group based on the RTD PIs with additional co-opted members • Specific working groups on individual technologies will draft in others with particular expertise where appropriate • The programme will be explicitly coordinated with the ESA technology programme and connected to the Astro. Net Science Vision and Facility Roadmap 26

Management • WPM Colin Cunningham (UK ATC) • Deputy WPM Frank Molster (NOVA) – Responsible for ESA and Asto. NET connections • With support from UK ATC Innovation Group – Robert Pfab & Dave Melotte 27

Linkages • Explore linkages and opportunities between technology developments across the Opticon FP 7 programme and other relevant European collaborative programmes. – The working group will expand the network of people who wish to develop European capabilities for technology development for IR and Optical Astronomy – Emphasis will be placed on bringing in active partners from the new EU countries and encouraging a better gender and age balance • Develop European Industrial awareness of the astronomy community’s needs for advanced technology, to foster interaction with industry and to investigate the technology areas which will create mutual benefit (both scientific and economic) • Assist the Opticon Astrophotonics JRA in developing links with industrial and academic photonics groups throughout Europe, making use of European industrial networks such as the UK Photonics Knowledge Transfer Network • Develop a network of European organisations with capabilities 28 and interests in cryogenic measurement of structural and optical properties of new materials, aimed at developing

Workshops • The main KTN activity will be to run a series of ten or more workshops – Project definition and consortium development: bringing together teams to develop proposals for technology development. – Technology Roadmapping: mapping Astro. Net science goals onto technologies available and requiring development, and linking to implementation paths and funding sources. – Potential Key Technologies Workshops: • Detectors • New optical materials • Photonics devices – Interferometry – Spectrometry • Novel materials for cryogenic structures • Cryogenic Mechanisms • Systems modelling – These workshops will build on the momentum generated in the FP 6 KTN – A major aim of these workshops will be to generate proposals for the second phase of Opticon FP 7 (and FP 8) – and for national 29 funding

KTN FP 7 Cost Summary Number of Meetings Cost per meeting, €k Travel Cost, €k SM Staff Cost, €k Totals Large Meetings 5 15 75 Small Meetings 5 4 20 UK ATC 5 42 42 NOVA 3 20 20 Total 157 30

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