Operational Concept For Super Sector 5 th USA-Europe

Operational Concept For Super. Sector 5 th USA-Europe ATM R&D Seminar Budapest, June 23 -27, 2003 G. Gawinowski, J. Nobel, JY Grau, D. Dohy, L. Guichard, JP Nicolaon, V. Duong EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Super. Sector Concept Outline u Asynchroneous ATM è è è ATFM Sector entity Medium-term : Planning (long-term, global, uncertainty) : Reactive (short-term, local, accuracy) : None, Rupture of the continuum ð Increase the capacity ? à Automation (conflict management aid) à Delegation à Smaller sectors to cope with human capabilities ð Touching the limits ? à All these approach are based on the radar controller ability (bottleneck) à Controller workload increase (sector coordination) à Sector operational basis is lost (anticipative mode replaced by a reactive mode) à Each sector is consuming room of manoeuvre (safety, capacity) EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Super. Sector Concept Outline ? 30 mn 15 -10 mn 5 mn ATFM strategical pre-tactical flow management planning Tactical controller 1 mn aircraft & safety network & flow management EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Super. Sector Concept Outline u Synchroneous ATM è Continuum (Key issues is to manage the network and flow) è CFMU Anticipation layers Aircraft separation : Predictive (long-term, global) : Anticipative (medium-term) : Reactive (short-term, local) Predictive part Anticipative part : 4 D (x, y, z, time) trajectory assigned to aircraft : Time-base Traffic organisation è è Ø Ø 3 D (x, y, z) management : Airpsace design and management (traffic assignment) Time base management : Working Methods (human-centered for time adjustment) EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Super. Sector Concept Outline 30 mn 15 -10 mn 5 mn 4 D trajectory (contract) 1 mn Time-based CFMU predictive strategical pre-tactical flow management planning tactical controller aircraft & safety anticipative planning layers EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Super. Sector Concept Outline u 4 D Trajectory and …. adjustement reactive adaptative predictive t 1 è t 2 Managing uncertainty versus flexibility EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Super. Sector Concept Outline u Asynchroneous ATM è è è u Optimisation of the traditional ATM System (20 – 50 % gain) Conflict-based (conflict detection/resolution on sector control) Tactical controller cognitive capabilities Synchroneous ATM è è è ATM Next Generation (> 300 % gain) Time-based (flow control, network control) Functional managers/controllers (high added-value tasks ) EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Super. Sector Concept Outline u Time Management è Flow streched and delivered just in time (Kanban-like methods) è Interactive and Distributed Process ð Distributed cognition ð Collaborative actions à à à è è Area of actions Explicit assume of responsabilities Contract of Services Layered Planning (working methods) (exploitation) Anticipation windows ð Flow, large volume Predefined patterns of problems and solutions ð Simplified network, rerouting, resolution Airspace constraints (infrastructure) EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Super. Sector Concept Outline u Synchronised ATM è 4 D facilities (predictive layer) è Layered Planning Functions & Contract of Services ð Traffic Management (network) ð Traffic Synchronisation (flow, large volume) ð Aircraft Separation è Airspace Design and management ð 3 D Tubes (Highway/Trunk, Flight Level Allocation Scheme, Offset) ð Large volume of responsabilities (functional large sector) è Support Tools ð Short-term actions ð Anticipative actions ð Collaborative processes EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

An holistic Approach Predictive 4 D 4 D - ATFM A/c Manœuvre Aircraft Airspace structure Airspace Tools FAM, MSP • Problem complexity • Problem structure Working Methods • time-based • collaborative è Interdependant components & constraints EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

3 D and Time Constraints Predictive Adaptative Reactive Long-term Medium-term Short-term Complexity +++ Complexity + Global impact Severe impact Local impact Manoeuvre +++ Freedom degree +++ Regulation (time management) Separation Traffic distribution EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Layer Planning Working Methods LAYERS 1 2 NETWORK quantitative qualitative 3 FLOW qualitative 4 FLOW qualitative 5 4 SEPARATION qualitative Super. Sector Planification Flow Balancing Boundary Spacing Core Spacing Separation Evitement CFMU Predictive Long-term Adaptative Medium-term Adaptative Short-term EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Layer Planning Working Methods Team 2 Inbound Outbound Sector Conflict Team 1 Inbound Outbound Sector Conflict Traffic Manager EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Layer Planning Working Methods • Decoupling task level, roles & responsabilities Efficient Layer Planning • Information exchanges, planning actions, time ranging Inbound Sector Conflict Outbound Timeframe 15’ 10’ 3’ 10’ Contract of Service Regulation 5 mn Regulation 3 mn Global Supervision Radar Separation Regulation 5 mn Procedure u Speed u Offset u Flight Level u Vectoring u Technology A/G u Data-Link u Radio Speed u Offset u Data-Link EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Layer Planning Working Methods Outbound Manager Inbound Manager EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Layer Planning Working Methods Area of actions 10 – 15 mn ahead (70 NM) anticipation 150 NM flow Super. Sector 1 Super. Sector 2 Inbound Manager Outbound Manager EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Layer Planning Working Methods Sector 3 Sector 1 150 NM a/c 1 ROCK IM Sector 2 Regulation contract : 5 mn a/c 1 point 4 mn a/c 2 point 7 mn 70 NM a/c 2 Regulation contract : 5 mn OM • a/c 2 reduce speed 400 • a/c 1 offset 1 reduce speed 450 Data-Link EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Airspace Design ? • Large Volume Sector to support the time-based control an look-ahead anticipation • Simplified route network using Trunk Route Network and CT-pairs channels • to support predefined patterns of problems and solutions • to manage efficiently the flow streched and just-in-time delivery • Offset mechanisms : parallel route • to add flexibility to the speed management (spacing) • Global FLAS optimisation to constraint aircraft on flight level and decrease number of crossing points EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Airspace Design Trunk Route Paris-CDG Paris-Orly 70 NM distance EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Airspace Design è Generic structure è Route Network ð ð Mix of City-pairs & Switch ð è City-Pairs Route Network ð 150 NM Switch Trunk Route Network Switch with channel allocated for specific point-to-point Dual System (mix of) ð Switch Trunk Route Network (Super. Sector) ð Point-to-point Channel (Sector. Less) EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Airspace Design 300 260 240 200 è Trunk Capacity (shape sector of 150 NM x 150 NM) ð 2003 traffic : 20 aircrafts / hour / flow ð 2015 traffic : 40 aircrafts / hour / flow 330 290 230 340 320 280 220 310 270 250 210 EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Airspace Design Super. Sector 1 Super. Sector 2 Inbound Manager responsability Out. Bound Manager responsability Descend FL 195 Inbound Manager responsability Climb TMA TWR 75 NM EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Support Tools 1. Support to highly interactive and collaborative mechanism è Explicit transfert of responsibility è Negociation of flight plan objectives è Intent, …. è Information sharing, mutual awareness, … 2. Anticipative actions (medium-term) 3. Reactive actions (short-term) 4. From previous human factors studies è Primary source of information to build mental picture : flight plan (strip) è Secondary source to verify (redundancy) : flight position (radar) EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Support Tools EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Preliminary Results è Project started on Jan’ 02 (18 months ago) è Qualitative pre-validation (ATCO CCR Brest, ENAC, EEC) è promising results about anticipation versus short-term è Sept-Oct’ 03 : Human-in-the-loop simulations (proof of concept) è Oct’ 03 : Airspace modelling è Oct’ 03 : Complexity metrics (safety, capacity, …) EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre

Yet Identified Problems è Investigating an other paradigm with inter-dependant links (exploitation, infrastructure) è è Safety and capacity gains But, è Human-centered (front-line operator versus supervision) capabilities ? è è Touching the human capabilities è è Information processing facing to 15 (2003) ? 30 (2012) ? 45 (2020) ? Which functions and tasks should be automated to keep human added-value ? Transition ? è First element of anwser è Time-based (XMAN), self-deck separation è CDM (towards highly interactive and collaborative processes è CT-Pairs, channels, flow-oriented control EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre