OL 750 Measurement Systems Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Outline of Presentation Ø About Optronic Laboratories, Inc Ø The OL 750 Series Spectroradiometer Ø Source measurements Ø Transmission measurements Ø Reflectance measurements Ø Detector measurements Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
About Optronic Laboratories, Inc. was established in 1970 by two eminent researchers at NIST (then NBS). Facilities were modeled after NIST, and Optronic Laboratories, Inc. achieved a worldwide reputation for excellence in light measurement and calibration. Continuing to work closely with NIST, the development of new instruments and techniques at Optronic Laboratories, Inc. constantly improves the accuracy and precision of light measurement. Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
About Optronic Laboratories, Inc. In 1998, Optronic Laboratories, Inc. moved into its new 25, 000 square foot purpose-built facility, consolidating and expanding production, R & D and calibration facilities Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
About Optronic Laboratories, Inc. Optronic Laboratories’ instruments & services include: Ø Broad-band radiometers advice Training, consultation & Customization/new product Measurement services: & photometers: NIST-traceable calibration sources, Ø Sphere systems: Spectroradiometers: development diameter as standard materialspulsedfield portable sources, & detectors: § DC, AC, to 76” or modulated § from 1” materials & detectors laboratory & § from 200 nm to 30, 000 nm Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators The heart of any spectroradiometric system is the monochromator, but… Ø It must give the right bandpasses – § Too large and spectra are distorted § Too small and signals are low Ø It must give high spectral purity (low stray light) so only the wavelength of interest is detected Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators Ø Available in single and double (shown) versions Ø F/4 optics for high throughput Ø Very low stray light Ø Numerous special features for most accurate results Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators Tri-grating mounts change gratings automatically Ø Large range of gratings available Ø Optimised for high efficiency Ø Optimised for wide wavelength range Ø Optimised for high resolution Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators Versatile plug-in chopper or filter wheel input accessories Ø Range of Plug-in input accessories Ø Choppers (shown) for IR detectors Ø Automatic control of chopper speed and “open” position stop Ø Filter-wheel for input attenuation or filtering Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators Blocking-filter wheel changes filters automatically Ø Fully automated 11 position blockingfilter wheel Ø Includes SHUT position for dark current readings Ø Optimised filters for widest wavelength range Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators Blocking filters: how they work 400 nm + 800 nm grating Ø Gratings diffract light at different angles Blocking depending on wavelength filter Ø 400 nm will also diffract at the same angle as 800 nm (since 400 nm 2 x 400 = 800) Ø A blocking filter removes the 400 nm so 800 nm just 800 nm is left Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators Light passes into the monochromator through the entrance slit, then onto the first collimating mirror. Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators Collimated (parallel) light is directed onto the grating. Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators The grating diffracts the light, sending each wavelength off at a different angle. The desired wavelength is collected by the first focussing mirror…. Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators …which focuses it at the middle slit. A second collimating mirror collects this beam… Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators …and collimates it onto a second grating. Since the second grating is linked to the first, they are at the same angle and hence the same wavelength. Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators This second grating acts like the first, but the spectral purity is increased by many decades. Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 Monochromators The pure monochromatic light, at the wavelength desired, is then focussed onto the exit slit and emerges from the monochromator Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Source Measurement The most common measurements of sources include: Ø Radiance - Light emitted in a particular direction Ø Irradiance – Light falling onto a surface Ø Total flux – Total light emitted in all directions Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Radiance Measurement Source Solid Collection angle Measurement area Ø Radiance is normally measured with a telescope Ø The solid collection angle corresponds to the size of the lens Ø The measurement area corresponds to the field-of-view of the telescope Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Radiance Measurement Source Solid Collection angle Measurement area Ø The term “radiance” in this section also refers to related units such as luminance and radiant intensity Ø Radiant intensity applies to small or distant objects that are smaller than the telescope field-of-view Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Radiance Measurement Ø Optronic Laboratories, Inc. manufactures a large range of telescope, microscope and imaging optic modules for radiance measurements Ø To illustrate a typical system for radiance measurement, we will use the OL Series 730 -9 Telescopes Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 730 -9 Telescopes Ø For luminance and radiance of sources from 200 nm to 14, 000 nm Reflex viewing Adjustable focus Wide range of lenses Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 730 -9 Telescopes Ø For luminance and radiance of sources from 200 nm to 14, 000 nm Here is how it works Light coming from the source… Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 730 -9 Telescopes Ø For luminance and radiance of sources from 200 nm to 14, 000 nm The sectional drawingthe userwhat reflex mirror lets shows see happens inside themeasured what is being solid housing If the mirror is flipped out of the way …is picked up at some distance and focussed by the OL 730 -9 Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 730 -9 Telescopes Ø For luminance and radiance of sources from 200 nm to 14, 000 nm The image is sent via the field-of-view aperture to the spectroradiometer Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Radiance Measurement Putting together an OL 750 radiance system We start with an OL 750 monochromator And a detector Positive location & easy assembly Then we add the OL 730 -9 Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Radiance Measurement We have a complete radiance measurement system Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Irradiance and Total Flux Measurement Ø To measure irradiance (or illuminance), a cosine response integrating sphere such as the OL IS 670 is substituted for the OL 730 -9 Ø To measure total flux, a large sphere (typically 18 to 76 inches) is substituted for the OL 730 -9 Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Irradiance Measurement A complete irradiance measurement system OL IS-670 nearperfect cosine response integrating sphere Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Other measurements Ø For transmission, reflection and detector response measurements, a light source at the entrance of the OL 750 creates monochromatic light at the exit Ø The OL Series 740 -20 is an ideal light source for most applications Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 740 -20 Light Sources Ø Single and double lamp versions Ø UV lamp § 200 nm to 400 nm Ø Tungsten lamp § 250 nm to 2500 nm Ø Glowbar § 1000 nm to 30000 nm Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 740 -20 Light Sources Ø Optics match the OL Series 750 Monochromators Ø Easy switching from one source … Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 740 -20 Light Sources Ø Optics match the OL series 750 monochromators Ø Easy switching from one source … …to the other i Fully automated switching available Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 + OL 740 -20 Ø 200 to 30, 000 nm coverage Ø monochromatic light prevents sample heating Ø Suits a very wide range of standard OL accessories Ø Suits many existing and future applications Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Transmittance Measurement Ø Transmittance can be regular (like a window) or diffuse (like paper) Ø Optronic Laboratories, Inc. manufacture a wide range of accessories for regular and diffuse transmittance Ø To illustrate a regular transmittance measurement system, we will use the OL Series 740 -73 Transmittance Attachment Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 740 -73 After a 740 -73 collimates light through the sample The OL 100% scan (with setup as shown), the sample is placed refocuses compartment andin the beamonto the detector Sample Detector Collimated light Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 740 -73 The ratio of a scan with the sample in place to the 100% scan is the transmittance of the sample Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 740 -73 + OL 750 + OL 740 -20 When the system is assembled, the transmission of a sample can be measured up to 14, 000 nm Other transmittance accessories are available to cover the range 200 nm to 30, 000 nm Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Reflectance Measurement Ø Reflectance can be specular (like a mirror) or diffuse (like paper) Ø Optronic Laboratories, Inc. manufacture a wide range of accessories for regular and diffuse transmittance Ø To illustrate a specular reflectance measurement system, we will use the OL 750 -75 MA Goniometer Attachment Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 -75 MA for Specular Reflectance Ø Measures direct beam for true absolute results without the need for standard mirrors Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 -75 MA for Specular Reflectance Ø Full 10° to 80° angle-of-incidence measurements Ø Detector tracks incidence angle or moves free to map other angles Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 -75 MA for Specular Transmittance Ø Transmittance at any angle, 0° to 80° Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 -75 MA for BRDF Measurements Ø Detector moves independent of incident angle for BRDF & BTDF measurements Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 + OL 740 -20 + OL 750 -75 MA If we put these together… Positive location & Easy assembly Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 + OL 750 -20 + OL 750 -75 MA Materials can be measured from 200 nm to 30, 000 nm Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Diffuse Reflectance Ø The OL 750 -75 MA can be used to map diffuse reflectance by measuring one angle at a time Ø To give diffuse reflectance in one measurement however, an integrating sphere is required Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Diffuse Reflectance Ø Optronic Laboratories, Inc. manufacture a range of fixed-angle and Edward Spheres for diffuse reflectance measurements. Ø To illustrate a diffuse reflectance measurement system, we will use the OL 750 -70 Diffuse Reflectance Attachment. Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Diffuse Reflectance Ø Diffuse reflectance is measured against a standard Ø A scan is run with the standard, then another with the sample Standard Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Diffuse Reflectance CAUTION: Change in throughput DO NOT USE Sample Ø From a simple viewpoint, the ratio of these scans would indicate the sample reflectance Ø However, the throughput of the sphere changes due to the sample Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Diffuse Reflectance Scan 2 4 Scan 1 3 Ø Instead, the double beam method should be used Ø This involves 4 scans, 3 to calibrate and one to measure Standard Sample Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Diffuse Reflectance Scan 2 4 Ø The scans with the beam directed at the wall of the sphere correct for the throughput changes Ø the true reflectance can then be calculated Standard Sample Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 -70 Ø Uses the double beam method for accurate values of Beam switch reflectance mirror Ø Software guides the user through the calibration and measurement Standard or sample Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL Series 750 -70 Ø 2 versions of the OL 750 -70 are available Standard or sample § PTFE sphere coating for 250 nm to 2, 500 nm § Gold sphere coating for 1, 000 nm to 30, 000 nm Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 + OL 740 -20 + OL 750 -70 If we put these together… And add a detector Positive location & Easy assembly Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 + OL 740 -20 + OL 750 -70 We have a complete system for diffuse reflectance The light-trap supplied also allows measurements which exclude specular reflections Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Detector Spectral Response Ø In order to characterize their performance in a particular applications, single detectors, array detectors and assemblies often need spectral response to be known Ø For example, photopic detectors can be analysed for V( ) matching Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Detector Spectral Response Ø Measurements are generally consistent with detector use, and may require a large collimated beam, a small spot, a diffuse source or other geometry Ø Optronic Laboratories, Inc. manufactures a wide range of accessories for most detector measurement requirements, including quantum efficiency Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
Detector Spectral Response Ø Optronic Laboratories, Inc. provides standard detectors, traceable to NIST and other National Laboratories Ø To illustrate a detector spectral response system, we will use the OL 750 -10 C All Mirror Collimator Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 -10 C Ø 2 inch diameter beam Ø Excellent beam uniformity Ø Constant collimation at all wavelengths Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 + OL 740 -20 + OL 750 -10 C If we put these together… Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
The OL 750 + OL 740 -20 + OL 750 -10 C We have a complete system for detector response Then we calibrate First we measure withtest detector the standard detector Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
More Information Ø The systems illustrated represent just a few of the accessories from Optronic Laboratories, Inc. Ø For more information: § Contact your local Optronic Laboratories’ representative § Visit our website at www. olinet. com Optronic Laboratories, Inc.
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