Obstructive sleep apnea in the young child Dr. Martin Maldonado
Obstructive apnea n There are several possible causal factors n The apnea often goes unnoticed n Associated with behavioral problems during the day in the young child
Epidemiology n Differential diagnosis with “primary snoring” n 10% of children have primary snoring during preschool and school age n Several studies have found around 3% of children with obstructive sleep apnea
Causes of obstructive apnea n Multiple causes, some are medical conditions, others unknown n MEDICAL CAUSES n Facial malformations, or in the airway passages( eg. Down, Cruzon, Artrogriposis, Hunter, Hurler, Pierre. Robin, Marfan, Treacher Collins, etc)
Other causes of sleep apnea n Alergic rhinitis n Hypertrophy of tonsils and adenoids n Chronic irritation(smoke in the house, high smog content) n Obesity n Micrognatia n Multiple less frequent causes
Effects of obstructive apnea n Physiological effects: n Periodic interruption of sleep n Worse quality of sleep, interrupting phases III and IV n Periods of apnea with oxygen desaturation n Less rest during the night
Clinical Manifestations n Intense snoring during the night, but may also occur in the day n Somnolence during the day n Hyperactivity during the day n Diminished ability to concentrate n More irritable and aggressive during the day
Diagnosis n Observatin. Restless sleep, frequent changes in position. n Sleep in unusual positions n Snoring and apneas n Polysomnographic study and actigraphy n Measure oxygen saturation
Treatment n Resolve the original cause n Surgery if indicated n Removal of tonsils and adenoids if necesssary n Positive Pressure in the airways (CPAP machine)
Скачать презентацию Obstructive sleep apnea in the young child Dr
9c76c74eadcd6433ac79a7cf90ef1d77.ppt