Nuclear Issues in South Korea Introductory Brief of Spent Fuel Management Reform & Nuclear Power Debates in South Korea Kwanghoon Seok, Green Korea United 27 th, September, 2007 CNIC Office in Tokyo
Introduction of myself • Worked for Green Korea since 1996 • Policy consultant for Energy NGOs in Korea • Energy Subcommittee member for Presidential Commission on Sustainable Development (2002~) • Board Member of Korea Institute for Nuclear Nonproliferation Control (2006~) • Nuke power & waste subcommittee member for National Energy Commission (2007~) • Interested in energy market reform, nuclear liability management reform & proliferation issues
What happened in waste issues in South Korea? • • NGOs urged SF policy reform after Buan ILLW repository decided at MUS$300 Activists mentally shocked at the result Spent fuel issue decoupled from ILLW Mo. CIE submitted RWM law to parliament KHNP resisted to pay back waste fund Mo. ST tried to defend Atomic Energy Law
PCSD’s initiative in the law • “KHNP should pay back fund for SF management & disposal (4 thrillion Won = B￥ 494) within next 10 years”(PCSD) • KHNP insisting the payback deadline should be extended to the next 20 years • “Its financing will be tight from 2010 to 2015 due to new nuclear builds”(KHNP)
None Growing Deficit of Nuclear Liabilities in KEPCO 7. 61 8 6. 97 7 6. 26 Nuclear Liabilities 6 5. 09 5 4 5. 15 4. 42 3. 77 4. 15 3. 75 4. 27 3 Available Fixed Assets Available Fluid Assets 2 1 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Source: KEPCO’ Consolidated Financial Statement, June 2007, ★1 Trillion Won = B￥ 123
Details of Nuclear Liability Deficit in KEPCO Available Assets 2002 2003 2004 2005 Total Assets in 2006 Cash & Equivalent 20, 506 16, 695 13, 962 18, 425 Shortterm financial instruments Fluid Assets 19, 975 1, 379 1, 190 1, 590 8, 528 11, 636 87, 913 Securities available for sale 199 1, 416 191 288 151 Securities held to maturity 33 200 331 0 1 1, 375 2, 307 1, 568 1, 772 1, 834 15 22 27 30 30 Equity base invested stocks 12, 143 12, 962 13, 861 14, 485 15, 434 Longterm loans 2, 571 2, 871 3, 229 3, 588 4, 018 Total Available Assets 37, 689 41, 475 37, 490 42, 653 51, 529 Nuclear Liabilities 44, 179 50, 911 62, 594 69, 661 76, 119 Securities available for sale Fixed Assets Securities held to maturity Source: KEPCO’s Consolidated Financial Statement 2007, Unit: 100 million Won = M￥ 12. 3 686, 442 774, 355
Nuclear Liability Fund Management in OECD Fund User US Canada Fund Manager DOE’s OCRWM Treasury NWMO Management Type NWMO Fund Sweden Waste Management Company (SKB) Finland Waste Management Company (POSIVA) Safety Regulator (SKI) (Accumulation out of Utilities) DTI Japan NUMO METI’s RWMC France ANDRA Liability Reserve Korea Utility (KHNP) (Internal Account) Source: OECD NEA 2006
Countries with and without LILW Repository Source: Authors’ elaborate from UN Demographic Yearbook 2001
What happened in NPP issues in South Korea? • NGOs lost Shin-Kori units 1~4 battles • KHNP sacrificed Shin-Wolsong 3~4 for the LLW repository site in Kyeong-ju • Kori-1 life extension issued, NGOs involved • KHNP prepares Wolsong-1 extension under surface but NGOs are not interested in • Anti-nuke NGOs lost their initiative to labor unions in energy market reform debates
What’s going on in SF issues? • KHNP lobbying Parliament to stop the law • MOST defending its existence, emphasizing AFCI & GNEP corporation with US DOE & US national labs. • MOCIE pushing the law but compromising • MOCIE indicated it may drop out centralized storage option due to technical advance • NGOs losing their focus in SF issues & may return to simple Anti-nuke campaign
What’s going on in NPP issues? • Life extension plan of Kori-1 is under investigation of safety institute(KINS) • KHNP made Wolson-1 refurbishment contract(MUS$300) with AECL in 2006 • KHNP’s nuclear economics is challenged by National Energy Commission’s nuclear power subcommittee
National Energy Commission • Energy NGOs proposed to Parliament in 2005 • Refused once but accepted by Mo. CIE in 2006 & launched in 2007 • Commissioner is President, 25 members are from GOs, NGOs & Universities • 4 Subcommittees devote detail discussion; Policy, Technology, Resource Development & Conflict Management(notably Nuke Power & Waste)
Abbreviations • KEPCO=Korea Electric Power Co. , Ltd. • KHNP=Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power, One of Subsidiaries of KEPCO • SF = Spent Fuel • ILLW=Intermediate & Low Level Waste • PCSD=Presidential Commission on Sustainable Development • Mo. CIE= Ministry of Commerce, Industry & Energy • Mo. ST = Ministry of Science & Technology
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