NPOESS Preparatory Project NPP Status Jim Gleason NPP

NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) Status Jim Gleason NPP Project Scientist

NPP/NPOESS Continues Data Record Measurement System Year Conventional Operations EOS Technology Jump Research Quality Operations 2

Research to Operations to Research Instruments to Operational Instruments Operational Data to Research Data Research Traditional Operations • Demonstrate New Measurements • Show Improvements to Forecast • Implement new measurements on “operational” platforms • Send new data to NWP centers Traditional Research • Ad-Hoc Operational Data Set Improvement • Limited by operational algorithms and instrument calibration NPOESS • Build “research” features into operational instruments • NPOESS Paradigm • Strong IORD Requirements • Detailed Implementation Strategy being Developed Operations 3

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Mission Segments and Responsibilities NPP cost is more than $1 B Mission with about a 50/50 split between NASA & IPO. Per FIA, no exchange of funds…even for a launch slip. Space Segment Launch Support Segment (LSS) • Launch vehicle • Launch Support • Payload Processing support -NASA Space Segment • Spacecraft • ATMS • VIIRS • Cr. IS • OMPS Command, Control & Communication Segment (C 3 S) -IPO • Manage Mission • Manage Satellite Operations • Space/Ground Communication • Data Routing & Retrieval -NOAA Science Data Segment (SDS) Interface Data Processing Segment (IDPS) • Ingest and validate raw SMD • Process RDRs, SDRs, EDRs • Perform operations cal proc • Distribute data records Archive & Distribution Segment (ADS) • Ingest and validate x. DRs • Support Climate Research • Ingest & validate data records • Manage archive • Interface with users 6

Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (NASA / Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems) Description • Purpose: In conjunction with Cr. IS, global observations of temperature and moisture profiles at high temporal resolution (~ daily). • Predecessor Instruments: AMSU A 1 / A 2, MHS • Approach: Scanning passive microwave radiometer (22 channels (23 GHz - 183 GHz) • Swath width: 2300 km • Co-registration: with Cr. IS Status • Engineering Unit on Spacecraft • Flight Model calibration complete 7

Cross-Track Infrared Sounder IPO / NGST / ITT Industries Description • Purpose: In conjunction with ATMS, global observations temperature and moisture profiles at high temporal resolution (~ daily) • Predecessor Instruments: HIRS, AIRS, IASI • Approach: Michelson Interferometer (1142 channels in 3 bands (3. 5 µm 16 µm) • Swath width: 2300 km • Co-registration: with ATMS of Status • EDU qualification complete and has been delivered to Ball • Flight Unit #1 Assembly underway 8

Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite IPO / NGST / Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corp. Description • Purpose: Monitors the total column and vertical profile of ozone • Predecessor Instruments: TOMS, SBUV, GOME, OSIRIS, SCIAMACHY • Approach: Nadir and limb push broom CCD spectrometers • Swath width: 2600 km Status • Brass Board Main Electronics Box complete • Flight Unit #1 Assembly underway Algorithm Status: Using TOMS/SBUV heritage approaches for Nadir Instruments Limb profile still in development using new space-based limb observation data 9

Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite IPO /NGST/ Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing Description • Purpose: Global observations of land, ocean, & atmosphere parameters at high temporal resolution (~ daily) • Predecessor Instruments: AVHRR, OLS, MODIS, Sea. Wi. FS • Approach: Multi-spectral scanning radiometer (22 bands between 0. 4 µm and 12 µm) 12 -bit quantization • Swath width: 3000 km Status • EDU is in test • T/ Vac TRR this week • Flight Unit #1 Development continues 10

NASA’s NPP Science Role • Climate data record (CDR): “a time series of measurements of sufficient length, consistency, and continuity to determine climate variability and change. ” (National Research Council: Climate Data Records from Environmental Satellites, 2004) • The NPP Science Charter is to: Continue the scientific data record started in the “EOS era. ” • NASA is moving toward “Measurement-based”, not “Mission-based, ” science and data processing teams. • The Mission Goals are to produce integrated EOS/NPP/NPOESS satellite data records. 11

NASA Science Data Processing -NASA Land Measurement Team Ozone Measurement Team Discipline-Based Processing Center Ozone TOMS/OMI SIPS -IPO -NOAA Discipline-Based Processing Center Land MODAPS • Ingest and validate x. DRs • Support Climate Research Ocean Color Measurement Team Discipline-Based Processing Center(s) Ocean • Ingest and validate x. DRs • Support Climate Research Clouds/Atmosphere Measurement Team Discipline-Based Processing Center U Wisc • Ingest and validate x. DRs • Support Climate Research Sounder IR/uwave Measurement Team Discipline-Based Processing Center(s) JPL AIRS SIPS • Ingest and validate x. DRs • Support Climate Research Interface Data Processing Segment (IDPS) • Ingest and validate raw SMD • Process RDRs, SDRs, EDRs • Perform operations cal proc • Distribute data records NICST • Ingest and validate SDRs • Instrument Performance Monitoring Science Data Segment (SDS) • Ingest and validate x. DRs • Support Climate Research Archive & Distribution Segment (ADS) • Ingest & validate data records • Manage archive • Interface with users 12

NPP Spacecraft Ready for Instruments ATMS EDU (w/ cover installed) OMPS (location) Cr. IS EDU VIIRS (location) 13

NPP Status • The NPOESS Program estimated cost over-runs are greater than 25% • Triggered Nunn-Mc. Curdy Review Process • All program that expect to exceed costs by > 25% must be recertified by Do. D to Congress. • Certification must be done by June 6, 2006 • NPOESS program is being redefined. IPO/NGST has definite plans only for FY 06, all out-year dates are only estimates. • What does this mean for NPP? • IPO Sensor delivery dates are not final. • NPP Project has planned for a September 30, 2009 launch date. • Options under consideration • Expect Significant Changes to the NPOESS Program 14

Research & Operations Research to Operations is back on the NASA-NOAA agenda. Congressional Language in Authorization Bill encouraging R&O activities between NASA and NOAA Required Annual Report to Congress on the status of R&O activities Formed a New NASA/NOAA Research & Operations Working Group Scheduled a Workshop April 24 -26 in College Park, MD 15

Joint Working Group Task Recommend a process to guide and facilitate transition NASA research capabilities to enhance NOAA operational capabilities Use of NOAA operational capabilities to support of NASA missions. Specific Tasks; Identification of a possible match between research capabilities and operational needs (or research needs and operational capabilities) Evaluation of the ability to achieve the transition Assessment of what would be required to effect a successful transition 16

Near-Term Opportunities • Observing capability transition: Implementation of operational satellite observations to continue measurement streams begun in research programs. • Mission extension: Extension of research missions beyond their prime periods when those missions have both research and operational uses. Senior Review • Data record development and stewardship: Creation of long-term data records that extend the research data records (i. e. data from research missions) to include data from transitioned operational missions, CDR and Long Term Archive • Data utilization: Acceleration of the operational use of data from research programs, Quantify efficacy of research data to operations, JCSDA • Tools and standards transition: Development of certain remote sensing and/or platform hardware or software (tools) and standards that can be constructively used for both research and operations, ESMF 17

Research & Operations How is this different from past RTO reports? Senior Review Process at NASA “Regular” Process for determining fate of assets. Recognition at NOAA that their budget process precludes rapid response. Timing of senior review process could influence out-year NOAA budget cycle Development of infrastructure like JCSDA to provide assessments 18

Joint Working Group Chet Koblinsky – NOAA/Co-Chair, Louis Uccellini – NOAA Stan Wilson – NOAA Tom Karl – NOAA Jack Kaye – NASA/Co-Chair Bruce Wielicki – NASA Michele Rienecker – NASA Jim Gleason – NASA 19

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Nunn-Mc. Curdy Statute (Title 10, Section 2433, USC) • If unit costs of a Major Defense Acquisition Program increase >25%, then Do. D (as delegated to USD(AT&L) must certify that all of the following four criteria are met, or no further appropriated funding can be obligated on major contracts: – Such acquisition program is essential to national security – There are no alternatives to such acquisition program which will provide equal or greater military capability at less cost – The new estimates of the program acquisition unit cost or procurement unit costs are reasonable – The management structure for the acquisition program is adequate to manage and control program acquisition unit cost or procurement unit cost • Certificate must apply to whatever program goes forward, which is not necessarily the program of record • If program going forward differs too much from program of record, then cannot certify; such a program must instead be proposed as a “new start” • Even if a program is certifiable, USD(AT&L) can choose not to certify 21

ATMS/Cr. IS Sensors Produce Atmospheric Temp/Humidity Profiles • Cr. IS • ATMS ± 50° Cross track Scans 1. 25 -O RD Rs rb it Da ta Du m RDR = Raw Data Record SDR = Sensor Data Record EDR = Environmental Data Record p RDRs Co-located ATMS SDRs ATMS Swath 2500 km 3 x 3 Array of Cr. IS FOVs (Each at 14 -km Diameter) SDRs SDR Algorithms EDRs 0. 1 EDR Algorithms 1 Pressure (mb) Cr. IS Swath 2200 km Central or Regional Ground Stations Decode Spacecraft Data 10 1000 210 220 230 240 250 Temperature (K) 260 270 280 290 22

OMPS Scanning Track (Limb Profiler) (Nadir TC) 23

Ocean Biology Processing System Historical Data Set Category: (REASo. N-CAN) Funding Source Flexible Processing Science Community Interactive • Knowledgeable Staff • Enabling Activities (Sea. BASS, Sea. DAS, Calibration RR, etc. ) Sea. Wi. FS CZCS & OCTS Reconfigurable & Scalable • Multiple Missions • Rapid Reprocessing • Parallel Processing Streams (operational, algorithm & caliration testing, evaluation products) Present (EOS, other) Terra MODIS# Aqua MODIS Future (NPP) NPP VIIRS GSFC L 1 DATA MAIN PROCESSING SYSTEM • Data from multiple satellite and instrument types • In-situ, ancillary, and other data DAAC L 1 -L 3 DATA Data OBPG Management & Staff MCST* NASA HQ Program Management NASA Flight Projects Community Agreed Standards and Protocols Science Community Users In Situ Data * MODIS Characterization Support Team (NASA/GSFC) # Terra MODIS OC processing suspended in Jan. 2004 24