Northwestern Lehigh Goes Green Andy

Northwestern Lehigh Goes Green • • • Andy Keim Jenn Utt Dougie Billig Dave Kester Nicole Tashler • • • Kenny Faust Alyssa Fixl Tyler Duncan Erin Albright Raven Mack

Us Census Bureau • 1800: 1 billion people • 1922: 2 billion people • 2000: 6 billion people • … 2050: approx. 9 billion people • If the world’s natural resources were evenly distributed, the people in 2050 will only have 25% of resources per capita that the people had in 1950

If we recycle… • One ton of paper 7, 000 gallons of water 380 gallons of oil enough energy to power a house for 6 months • One aluminum can enough energy to power a TV for 6 hours • One glass bottle enough energy to power a 100 -watt bulb for 4 hours

REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE!

Plastic Soufflé / Portion Cups Made w/ Polystyrene Abundant along shores and waterways It is a form of pollution NOT biodegradable NOT easily recycled because lightweight and low scrap value • NOT accepted in curbside collection (#6) • HARMFUL to wild animals if ingested • •

Polystyrene (…continued) • Made with HCFC blowing agents – Effect ozone depletion and global warming • If burned with out enough oxygen or at low temp. will produce carbon monoxide

Cost for NWLHS (portion cups w/ lids) Approximately… • 2 cups w/ lid per student per day • 600 students and faculty in HS (that use condiment) • 160 days of lunch (half days excluded) • 1. 5 oz cup 2, 500 for $29. 99 need 192, 000 • Lids 2, 500 for $28. 49 need 192, 000

Total Cost for NWLHS Cups… 77 cases which is $2, 309. 23 per year Lids… 77 cases which is $2, 103. 73 per year $4, 502. 96

Better alternative: Biodegradable Products • Made from renewable resources such as 100% corn • Biodegradable products institute certified • Universal lids fit all sizes • For 2 oz portion cup – 2000 per case – $77. 42/case • For lids – 2000 per case – $68. 93/case

Best alternative: • Purchasing jugs of condiments to put directly on the tray. – Dressings, Ketchup, Mustard, BBQ, ect. available • This would cut down on more then $4, 500. 00 • Also this would reduce 192, 000 plastic cups and 192, 000 plastic lids that are not biodegradable in landfills

Condiments (in particular ketchup) • We currently use small ketchup packets that are NOT recyclable • 50 of these packets is equivalent to a 14 ounce plastic bottle • An alternative to these would be plastic jugs of ketchup • Jugs are $0. 031 per ounce compared to $0. 028 per ounce for packets, a negligible price difference for being able to recycle

Alternative Bus Fuels • There a plethora of substitute fuels for diesel, a few of them are: – Natural Gas – Biodiesel – Propane

Natural Gas • Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) could be used • Less smog and green house gases produced – Carbon Monoxide (CO) down 70% – Non methane organic gas down 87% – Carbon Dioxide (CO 2) down 20%

CNG continued • A Natural Gas bus is $140, 000 while a normal bus is $120, 000 • A thirty normal buses can be converted for $18, 000 • Up’s fuel mileage to about 8

CNG Continued • CNG costs can range form $. 97 to $1. 20 Maintenance costs are lower for CNG buses • Savings can range from $131, 270. 13 -$153, 103. 28

Biodiesel • One of the other choices that could be used as fuel instead of pure diesel is a diesel-biodiesel mix.

BD Continued • Biodiesel can be used in existing diesel engines without converting the engine up to a B 20 mix (20% biodiesel, 80% diesel. • Biodiesel has the same horsepower, torque, etc. as diesel

BD Continued • Made of vegetable oil and animal fats • Cheapest of all alternative fuels ($. 80/gallon!) • Non-toxic (table salt is 10 x more toxic than biodiesel), biodegradable, and low skin irritation.

BD Cost • Cheapest of all alternative fuels ($. 80!) • Can save $158, 392 (B 100) • B 20 can save $31, 678. 41

BD Continued • Biodiesel is very cleansing and will clean out any clogs in the engine. • Even a B 2 mix will have better performance because of how lubricated it is. • Using Biodiesel will not void the warranty.

BD Continued R E G U L A T E D • B 100 – Unburned Hydrocarbons: -67% – Carbon Monoxide: -48% – Particulate Matter: -47% – Nitrogen Oxide: +10% • B 20 – Unburned Hydrocarbons: -20% – Carbon Monoxide: -12% – Particulate Matter: -12% – Nitrogen Oxide: +/-2%

BD Continued U • B 20 N • B 100 R – Sulfates: -100% – Sulfates: -20% E – Polycyclic Aromatic G Hydrocarbons (PAH): U -80% -12% L – Nitrated PAH A (n. PAH): -90% (n. PAH): -13% T – Ozone Potential of E Speciated HC: -50% Speciated HC: -10% D

Last BD Slide • Can buy a Mini BD Refinery • $20, 000 • 600 gallons per day • No water used • $. 80 per gallon • www. extremebiodiesel. com/

Propane • The last alternative fuel researched was propane

Propane Continued • Non-toxic and not harmful to environment • Produces 60%-70% less smog • Cut emissions by 83%-99% • Save up to $25, 000 per bus

Propane costs • The current price for propane is $2. 05 • Fuel mileage is worse so cost is a little higher

Propane Continued • Propane creates: – 96% less Nitrogen Oxide (Nox) – 93% less VOC – 83% less Carbon Monoxide – 99. 99% less Particulate Matter

Propane Example Cost From Texas • Propane bus 15 K mi/yr – Purchase: $84, 200 – RRC Grant: <$30, 030> – Fuel (4. 4 mi/gal): $5, 608 – Fuel Tax Credit: <$1, 689> – Maintenance: $225 – Theft Loses: $0 – Annual: $4, 144 – First Year: $58, 314 • Diesel bus 15 K mi/yr – – – – Purchase: $72, 000 RRC Grant: $0 Fuel (6 mi/gal): $8, 700 Fuel Tax Credit: $0 Maintenance: $450 Theft Loses: $500 Annual: $9, 650 First Year: $81, 650 SAVINGS: $23, 336 rrc. state. tx. us/commissioners/williams/energy/bus_tour_ppt 2008_wed. pdf

Paper towels • 153 cases of rolls • 39 go to the high school • $60. 00 a case • $2, 340 spent on H. S. • 99 cases of c-fold towels • 25 go to high school • $18. 00 a case • $450 spent on H. S. $2, 790 spent on all paper towels for high school in one year

Hand Dryers • After the cost of installing the dryers, we would save about $1, 500 a year. • Turn off after 40 seconds • 9¢ per kw/hr • Est. used 50 times a day • 8. 9 hours a day • $1, 442 a year • $3, 776 install

07 -08 Energy Consumption • 3, 900, 000 k. Wh (kilowatts per hour) • $390, 000 • About $0. 10 per k. Wh

Wind Turbines • Converts wind to energy • Comes in many sizes • Needs speeds from 10 mph to 30 mph • Wind speed average for Allentown 10 mph

Wind Turbines (…continued) • Vestas V 47 -660 k. W • Very large and fairly cheap maintenance (1. 5 -2% of original cost) • Can produce up to 1. 5 million k. Wh • Saves $0. 03 on every k. Wh • Annual savings - $100, 000 -120, 000

Wind Turbines (…continued) • Lasts 20 -25 years • After 20 years it could save a total of $2, 400, 000 on the energy bill

Paper Savings • For year 20092010 we purchased 1, 080 cases • Each case is $27. 57 • For a total of $29, 775. 60 • If we cut the cases in half and ordered 500 cases at $27. 57 • For a total of $13, 785 • Total savings would be $15, 990. 60 a year

Saving Trees • We kill 720 trees a year purchasing the 1080 cases of paper • With purchasing 500 cases we save a total of 387 trees We just received grants for all the new laptops, which can provide each student with an email account using our account numbers. All information could be relayed through the email instead of wasting paper.

4 Day Week • Some schools are adding time each day Monday through Thursday and taking Fridays off to save money. • If we added 1 hour 45 minutes to have first four days we would have the same amount of hours for the week. • With 32 Fridays a year possible savings a year would be significant.

4 Day Week • With our busses running 4, 200 miles a day we would save approximately 134, 400 miles a year. • We spend approximately $650 a day for electric which would save $20, 800 a year. • Along with the savings for water, sewer, and cafeteria cost for 32 days a year.