Northwest Coast Native Americans Chapter 2 Lesson 4

Northwest Coast Native Americans Chapter 2 Lesson 4 New SS book pg 95 – 97

Rich Resources SS book pg 95 The Northwest Coast region had plentiful ____________ resources. Its forest contain many, tall _____, and these forest were full of ___________ for hunting. The coastal waters and rivers were filled with ___________ and _____________.

Totem Pole • The totem pole was a carved post with _________ and other images representing a person’s ancestors. • These poles were carved by hand out of wood. • People proudly displayed their totem poles, some as tall as a __________ story building. • The purpose of a totem pole was to show a _______________

• The Northwest Coast is a narrow strip of land that stretches 2, 000 miles along the Pacific Ocean from present day southern ___________ to northern _____________. • The Northwest Coast Indians lived between the ocean and rugged _______________ ranges. • The growing season was short, and the climate was too _____________ for much agriculture.

Resources • Growing their own food was difficult, so the Indians had to ________, __________, and gather plants to survive. • There were plenty of fish, _________, and other animals. • There was wood to build houses and make ____________.

Trade pg. 76 • Trade was very common in an area were travel was so hard. • Because mountains made travel by land difficult, people traveled by ________________. • The Columbia River was the __________ of the Northwest. • People used ______, which were large, hollowed out logs, to travel the rivers.

• One type of housing was called a _______________ • These were rectangular houses made from large flat cedar planks or ___________ of wood.

The Chinooks • Chinooks villages were made up of rows of long ______________ houses. • These houses were built of wooden boards and had no _____________. • The Chinooks built each house partly over a _________ dug in the earth so that some of its rooms were under the ground. • These houses are called a _________. • Several ____________ belonging to the same clan lived in each house. • A _____________ is a group of families that are related to one another.

• The Chinooks controlled the _____________ River. • They made other peoples pay them for the right to ___________ the river. • This area, known as The Dalles, became a huge trading center. • In The Dalles, people from other tribes would ____________, or exchange goods.

The Columbia River

• Wealth was very important to the people in the Northwest Coast area. • To show off the things they owned tribes held ___________. • These were special gatherings or celebrations with _________ and ___________. • During a potlatch, the hosts gave away valuable __________ as a sign of their wealth.

The Makahs • The waters of the Northwest helped give the people who lived there plenty of __________. • Most coastal tribes captured only _________ whales, those that had become stranded on shore. • The Makahs, however, built _________ to hunt the whales at sea.

• Makah whale hunters often spent months preparing for a whale hunt. • They made new wooden _______, long spears with sharp shell points. • And they repaired their ________ and paddles. • A group of whale hunters would set out for the open ocean searching for any signs of a whale.

Grey Whale

• When a whale is spotted the chief harpooner throws his ________into the whale. • Sealskins are tied to the harpoon line to make it difficult for the whale to dive down into the water. • Other harpoons are thrown into the whale. • When the whale dies the hunters start ___________ it to shore. • The people will eat the whale’s ________ and skin, make ropes and bags from other parts of the animals body, and use the fat as fuel.