New college English Unit Six I

New college English

Unit Six

I Preparation III Further Development II Reading Activities IV Translation & Writing

Part I Preparation 1. Check Your Vocabulary 2. How Much Do You Know About Food? 3. Comparing Diets

Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary Directions: Work in groups to list as many foods and drinks as you can.

Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary o o vegetable asparagus 芦笋 beet 甜菜 cabbage 洋白菜 cucumber 黄瓜 leek 韭葱 rape 油菜 squash 西葫芦 wild rice stem 茭白 bamboo shoots 竹笋 bean sprout豆芽 broccoli 花椰菜 broad bean 蚕豆 celery 芹菜 cauliflower 菜花 fennel 茴香 greens 青菜 lettuce 莴苣 pepper 胡椒 soybean 黄豆 spinach 菠菜 tomato 番茄 turnip 萝卜

Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary o fig 无花果 honeydew melon 香瓜 litchi 荔枝 mulberry 桑椹 pineapple 菠萝 sugarcane 甘蔗 grapefruit 西柚 kiwi fruit 猕猴桃 mango 芒果 peach 桃子 plum 洋李

Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary Meat bacon, beef, chicken, chop, cutlet, ham, lamb, mutton, pork, roast, sausage, stew, steak, Cereal Drink barley, Coca-Cola, tea, coffee, buckwheat, beer, wine, maize/ orange juice, apple cider, corn, millet, milk shake, oat, rice, lemonade, sorghum, spirits, wheat whisk(e)y, soft drinks, mineral water, soda pop, apple jack Others roast duck, fried noodle, preserved eggs, pork dumpling, hamburger, hot dogs, French fries, sandwich, beef steak words about cooking oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar, MSG, steam, stew, fry, bake, boil

Activity 2 How Much Do You Know About Food? Directions: Here is a questionnaire about food and diet. Answer the questions to find out how much you know about food.

Activity 3 Comparing Diets? STEP ONE Look at the diet below. It shows what a 10 -year-old British boy eats on a typical day. Work in pairs to decide whether this is a healthy diet. STEP TWO Write down what you usually eat every day and compare it with the food your partner has. Then talk with your partner how your/his/her diet could be improved.

Activity 3 Comparing Diets? STEP ONE Look at the diet below. It shows what a 10 -year-old British boy eats on a typical day. Work in pairs to decide whether this is a healthy diet.

Activity 3 Comparing Diets? STEP TWO Write down what you usually eat every day and compare it with the food your partner has. Then talk with your partner how your/his/her diet could be improved.

Activity 3 Comparing Diets? Ø Sample Two kinds of diets Ø Student A Breakfast: two baozi, a cup of milk, one egg Lunch: rice, fish, beef, chicken soup Supper: jiaozi, pork, fish soup Ø Student B Breakfast: some porridge, one boiled egg, one mantou Lunch: rice, vegetables, bean curd Supper: noodles, potato, egg soup

Activity 3 Comparing Diets? Sample ü Advice on the improvement of the two diets: Student A should have more vegetables every day, while student B should have some meat and milk every day. Both of them should add some varieties to their diet so that they may get a balanced diet to provide them with all the necessary nutrients the body needs.

Part II Reading Activities 1. Pre-reading Questions 2. Text Organization 3. Sentence Study 4. Words & Phrases

Pre-reading Questions Can you give the reasons why the cow is regarded as food taboo in India? 1. Cows help plow the fields. 2. Cow manure can be used as fertilizer. 3. Cow manure can be dried and burned to make a cooking fire.

Pre-reading Questions Are you able to offer the reasons why dogs are viewed as food taboo in the United States? 1. Dogs serve as companions for people. 2. Dogs serve as protection against thieves.

Pre-reading Questions Can you provide the reasons why the pork is seen as food taboo in ancient Egypt and Israel? 1. People did not want to stay in one place. 2. Pork cooked insufficiently may spread disease.

Text Organization Para. 1 People from different cultures eat different kinds of food. Para. 2 -6 The reasons why people have preference to different foods. Para. 7 Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislikes are a result of the ways of life of different people.

Sentence Study 1. As a result, people from one culture often think the foods that people from another culture eat are disgusting or nauseating. (Line 2) as a result: 结果······（作状语） 相当于so, therefore, etc. ，常用于句首，也可 用于句末，表示因果关系，亦可作插入语。

Sentence Study She studied hard. As a result, she made rapid progress in the studies. 她学习非常用功，学业有了长足的进步。 He slipped and broke his leg. As a result, he will have to be away from school for two or three months. 他滑倒之后摔断了腿，不得不 休学两个月。

Sentence Study 比较：as a result of 表示“由于······的原因，由······引起的” The party tonight is beautiful as a result of you． 今天的晚会因你而美丽。 Meanwhile other events had occurred as a result of this war. 因这场战争引起的其他事情也随之发生。

Sentence Study 1. As a result, people from one culture often think the foods that people from another culture eat are disgusting or nauseating. (Line 2) 因此，来自一种文化的人常常会认 为来自另一种文化的人所吃的一些 食物是难以忍受或令人作呕的。

Sentence Study 2. For example, broccoli is first on a list of the most nutritious common vegetables, but it is twentyfirst on a list of vegetables that Americans like most to eat. (Line 12) be first/second on a list of… 在······名单中名列第一/二

Sentence Study You are always first on the list of things that I need most. 你总是我最需要的时候想到的第一人。 Who is first on the list of pop stars this week? The list changes faster than you can imagine. ——谁是本周流行榜第一？ ——流行榜的变化，快得让你难以想象。

Sentence Study 2. For example, broccoli is first on a list of the most nutritious common vegetables, but it is twenty-first on a list of vegetables that Americans like most to eat. (Line 12) 例如，花椰菜在营养最丰富的常见蔬 菜中排名第一，但它在美国人最喜欢 的蔬菜中名列第二十一。

Sentence Study 3. Thieves will not usually enter a house where there is a dog because the dog will bark and possibly attack a stranger who is trying to get into a house. (Line 43) where there is a dog 是 定 语 从 句 ， 修 饰 a house, 关系副词where 在定语从句中作状语； because引导的是原因状语从句，说明Thieves will not usually enter a house 的原因； who is trying to get into a house 是 定 语 从 句 ， 修 饰先行词a stranger。

Sentence Study 完成下面的句子。 They generally go to places ____ the air is clean and the scenery is beautiful. A) there B) when C) which D) where

Sentence Study 3. Thieves will not usually enter a house where there is a dog because the dog will bark and possibly attack a stranger who is trying to get into a house. (Line 43) 盗贼一般不进入有狗的住宅， 因为狗会吠叫，而且可能会袭 击试图进入屋子的陌生人。

Sentence Study 4. There is some evidence that some ancient Egyptians did not eat pork. (Line 47) that引导的是同位语从句，对与之同位的名 词作进一步的解释，同位语从句一般只由 that引导, 常用在idea, fact, concept, doubt, news, belief, hope, evidence, explanation, opinion, plan, proposal, sign, suggestion, truth, theory, thought等抽象名词后。

Sentence Study 完成下面的句子。 There are signs ______ restaurant are becoming more popular with families. A) that B) which C) in which D) whose

Sentence Study 4. There is some evidence that some ancient Egyptians did not eat pork. (Line 39) 有迹象表明一些古埃及人不食猪 肉。

Words & Phrases 1. appropriate (Line 7, Para. 1) adj. correct or suitable for a particular time, situation, or purpose 适当的, 恰当的 应该在适当的时间公布事情的真相。 The truth of the matter should be released at an appropriate time. It is reported that the President’s speech to the black voters was quite appropriate for/to the occasion _________________. （非常符合时宜）

Words & Phrases vt. 1) put on one side for a special purpose 拨款用做某种特殊用途 学校准备为那项研究计划拨款。 Our school was prepared to appropriate money for that research program. vt. 2) take and use as one’s own 占用，侵吞；盗用，挪用 你不应该剽窃他的创意。 You should not appropriate his originality.

Words & Phrases 2. nutrition (Line 12, Para. 3) n. the process of supplying and receiving nourishment; the science of food values 营养（作用）；营养学 今天的人们越来越关注食品的营养与保健 功能。 Today’s people pay more and more attention to the nutrition and health care of food.

Words & Phrases 形容词形式： nutritious adj. nourishing; having high value as food 营养的；多滋养的 The nutritious foods _________ of that brand moved off recently. 那个品牌的营养食品十分畅销。

Words & Phrases nutritive adj. serving as food; of nutrition 用作食物的；营养的 Biologists of that laboratory are researching _____ the nutritive ______ of agarics. values 那个实验室的生物学家们正在研究木耳的营养价值。 名词派生词：nutritionist 营养学家

Words & Phrases 3. protection (Line 42, Para. 5) n. the act of protecting from harm or being kept from harm 保护 动词形式: protect vt. keep safe (from danger, enemies; against attack) 保护（常与介词from或against连用） 他的风衣(dustcoat)能够很好地为他挡雨。 His dustcoat provided him with good protection against rain.

Words & Phrases That newly-upgraded viruskilling software gave her computer _______________ strong protection against all kinds ________. of computer viruses 那款新升级的杀毒软件可以很好地保 护她的电脑不受各种电脑病毒的攻击。

Words & Phrases 4. apparently (Line 45, Para. 5) adv. obviously, evidently, seemingly 显然，看来 Apparently, the email services are still the most important function of the Internet. 很明显，电子邮件服务仍然是因特网的 最主要功能。 That woman __________ when she heard the was apparently relieved news that her son had already been set free by the kidnappers. 很明显，当听到绑匪已经释放了自己儿子的消息后，那 位妇女感到如释重负。

Words & Phrases 形容词形式：apparent adj. clearly seen or understood 明显的； 显而易见的；明白的 It was apparent that _________ the US government knew nothing about its Chinese counterpart’s efforts on the protection of the Intellectual Property Right (IPR). 很明显，美国政府对于中国政府在保护知识产权方面的 努力知之甚少。

Words & Phrases 5. occur (Line 47, Para. 6) vi. 1) take place; happen 发生 那起谋杀案是什么时候发生的？ When did that murder occur? 不要让这种错误再次发生。 Don’t let the mistake occur again.

Words & Phrases 2) (with to) come into one’s mind （与to 连用） 想起；想到 哈利 · 波特很快想到了一个新的主意。 Instantly a new idea occurred to Harry Potter. 我从未想到他竟反对得如此厉害。 That he should have some deep personal objection had never occurred to me.

Part III Further Development 1. Preparing food 2. Our eating habits

1. Preparing Food Directions: You arrive late at a friend’s holiday house. All the shops are shut and you would like to make a nice meal for yourself and the person you are with. You are both hungry. You look in the cupboard and in the fridge and besides the basics such as salt, pepper, spices (用于调味的香料), oil and sugar, you find:

1. Preparing Food Ø Ø Ø a few onions and tomatoes one chicken leg a tin of tuna (金枪鱼) a jar of strawberry jam a tin of pineapple a packet of rice a tin of yogurt (酸乳酪，酸奶) four potatoes a tin of dried milk a tin of baked beans six eggs five apples

1. Preparing Food Words for Ingredients in Foods: cooking wine soy-sauce vinegar sesame oil ginger gourmet powder salt mustard pepper (料酒) (酱油) (醋) (香油) (姜) (味精) (盐) (芥末) (胡椒)

1. Preparing Food Task One Directions： Work in pairs to plan a meal for two which uses as many of the ingredients as possible. When you are ready, tell the class what you intend to make and be prepared to explain how to make any of the dishes if necessary.

1. Preparing Food sample: o o o Rice, tomato soup with eggs, some pineapples, roast chicken leg, baked beans, some apples. Rice, onion with eggs (fried), tomato slices with sugar, potato crisps, some milk. Roast potato, fried chicken leg, tuna, tomato soup with eggs, some pineapples. Six boiled eggs, some milk, baked beans, potato soup, some apples. Rice, two omelets, some tuna, some pineapples, some yogurt.

1. Preparing Food Task Two o Directions： When you have heard everyone’s menu, decide as a class which is the best.

2. Our Eating Habits Task One o Directions: Answer the following questions in the questionnaire.

2. Our Eating Habits o Task Two Directions: Compare your answers within your group and find out the similarities and differences between the members of your group. Prepare a short report on your group’s eating habits and choose one person in the group to present it to the rest of the class.

2. Our Eating Habits o o Similarities: —Spend 10 to 12 hours eating in a normal week. —Eat three meals a day. —Eat a lot of fresh vegetables, fresh meat, biscuits, and chocolates. —Have meals in the students’ cafeterias most of the time. —Don’t cook. —Like fast food. Differences: —Food likes are different. —Food prepares are different.

Part IV Translation & Writing 1. Translation Skills 2. Writing Practice

Translation Skills 反说正译 英语中一些作反面表达的词、短语甚至句子往往 可以从正面表达。

Translation Skills 1. The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations. 虽然他一再解释，疑团仍然存在。（ 动词） 2. The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer. 调查结果清清楚楚说明病人死于癌症。 (短语)

Translation Skills 3. The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on us. 这些事情引起了我们的重视。（句子） 4. Ashurst saw at once that Phil was not all right. 阿什赫斯特很快看到菲尔出了毛病。 （句子）

Translation Skills 5. Such behavior couldn’t long escape notice. 这种行为迟早会被发现。（句子） 6. He was not going to lose sight of me. 他一直在监视我的行踪。（句子）

Writing Practice Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Eating Habits of College Students. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 饮食方式； 2. 饮食口味； 3. 学生应养成良好的饮食 习惯。

Writing Practice Sample Writing Eating Habits of College Students 　　A sharp-eyed visitor will soon notice that on campus different students may have different eating habits. At cafeteria (自助餐厅) or dorm flat, some watch TV while eating. Some may read a book or magazine at dinner table. Still some may swallow their meals when they read before news stands (报栏) or head for their dorms or classrooms. Generally speaking, most students eat at school cafeterias, but some students prefer off-campus restaurants.

Writing Practice Sample Writing College students have various tastes due to a lot of factors. Those from the North usually like pasta (面食), such foods as noodles, steamed bread and dumplings are their favorite staple foods (主食), but those from the South may find rice is their only choice for staple food. Students brought up near the sea prefer seafood, while those from China’s West enjoy beef and lamb. Some students are keen on (喜爱) meat of all kinds, while others prefer fruits and vegetables.

Writing Practice Sample Writing To some students, fast food is a big attraction, so they love going to KFC or Mac. Donald’s. Apart from geographical and personal reasons, food likes and dislikes vary from one student to another. 　　It is very essential for students to develop healthy eating habits because proper eating habits benefit students’ health in the long run. Here are some tips. Firstly, they ought to learn to enjoy nutritious (有营养的) food, and try not to be particular about certain food items. Secondly, they should have regular meals and are not supposed to skip (漏掉) breakfast or eat brunch (早午餐) on weekends.

Writing Practice Sample Writing Thirdly, they had better eat less junk food (无营 养食品) and not dine in rush. Students need to keep a balanced diet and maintain regular eating habits. Remember the English proverb: you are what you eat.